动态控制的LED背光源设计

以往因CCFL亮度的不可控性,液晶电视是采用调节LCD的控制电压,改变液晶的透过率,来实现对LCD总体亮度的控制,这种方式在很多情况下造成背光模组的光能和电能浪费。而采用亮度动态控制的方式可以很方便地通过调节LED背光源电源的电压或输入电流的大小,从而改变LED的发光强度的方案,可使电视在LED较低能耗条件下工作。亮度动态控制就是通过对显示的画面进行分析,得到不同区域的最佳亮度同时控制LED背光达到相应的亮度。     

Saliency-based framework for facial expression recognition

This article proposes a novel framework for the recognition of six universal facial expressions. The framework is based on three sets of features extracted from a face image: entropy, brightness, and local binary pattern. First, saliency maps are obtained using the state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithm “frequency-tuned salient region detection”. The idea is to use saliency maps to determine appropriate weights or values for the extracted features (i.e., brightness and entropy).We have performed a visual experiment to validate the performance of the saliency detection algorithm against the human visual system. Eye movements of 15 subjects were recorded using an eye-tracker in free-viewing conditions while they watched a collection of 54 videos selected from the Cohn-Kanade facial expression database. The results of the visual experiment demonstrated that the obtained saliency maps are consistent with the data on human fixations. Finally, the performance of the proposed framework is demonstrated via satisfactory classification results achieved with the Cohn-Kanade database, FG-NET FEED database, and Dartmouth database of children’s faces.     

混合办公废纸脱墨浆的漂白

主要研究DBI漂白混合办公废纸脱墨浆时NaHS03和NaBH4的用量配比、漂白时的温度、pH值以及时间等对脱墨浆的白度、油墨尘埃度的影响,摸索DBI漂白脱墨浆影响因素的较佳取值。     

复配表面活性剂与氧化剂强化的氧脱木素

为了改善浆料中木素的反应活性,提高氧脱木素能力,从而改善氧脱木素的选择性,可以在氧脱木素过程中添加适当的强化助剂。本文研究了常见的氧化剂对氧脱木素的强化作用,并筛选出NaNO3作为氧脱木素强化剂与复配表面活性剂X配合使用进行氧脱木素。当复配表面活性剂X用量为0.5%、NaNO3用量为0.2%时,氧脱木素率比常规氧脱木素增加了19.9个百分点,白度提高了15.7%ISO,而黏度下降却较小。     

生石灰对碱回收白泥物性影响

研究生石灰对白泥基本性能的影响。结果表明,生石灰对白泥白度的影响比较显著,在生石灰添加比例从100%降至0%时,绿液作为碳酸根源,白泥白度值从76.44%ISO增至90.11%ISO,增幅为17.88%;生石灰有利沉降体积的增加,但对堆积密度存在负面影响;另外,生石灰对白泥的粒径影响也较明显,当生石灰添加比例从100%减至20%时,其中位径从5.73μm减小到4.88μm。     

沙柳P-RC APMP制浆工艺条件的研究

研究了沙柳P—RC APMP浆料性能的影响因素,并且从沙柳成浆后的纸浆白度,光学性能和纸浆强度出发,提出了沙柳P-P．CAPMP浆适合的化学预处理工艺条件。沙柳P—RcAPMP浆采用的化学预处理条件：NaOH用量8％、H2O2用量10％、处理温度60℃、时间40min、液比1：4,此时纸浆的白度和物理强度最佳,得率较高。纸浆得率75．78%,白度74．16％ ISO,不透明度86．25％,光散射系数42．84m2／kg,裂断长5．62km,撕裂指数3．30mN·m2／g,耐破指数1．42kPa．m2／g。     

结合引导滤波的自适应多曝光图像融合

针对引导滤波产生的光晕、梯度反转现象，以及图像融合边缘细节丢失的现象，提出一种改进引导滤波的自适应多曝光图像融合算法。在引导滤波中根据梯度信息设定权重函数，并结合图像像素点和一定区域的均值创建函数，共同实现不同区域的纹理特性自适应；利用平均亮度与对比度、饱和度及曝光适中度的关系，设置权值函数，使加权平均融合过程中的权重值不再是固定的数值，而能够根据不同的图像亮度自适应调整，权重值也不同，使得融合后的图像质量更好；将原序列图的细节信息叠加到改进的引导滤波图像中，构建纹理细节层。实验结果削弱了光晕及梯度反转现象，使图像更加真实，细节更加清晰，并且对有小光源的图像处理效果更好。算法结果明显优于多曝光融合算法及引导滤波的多曝光图像融合，在信息熵、互信息和边缘信息评价中分别取得最高2.5%、30%和30%左右的质量提升。     

Extrinsic parameter's adjustment and potential implications in Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis

Malaria is a major public health concern, affecting over 3.2 billion people in 91 countries. The advent of digital microscopy and Machine learning with the aim of automating Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis extensively depends on the extracted image features. The color of the cells, plasma, and stained artifacts influence the topological, geometrical, and statistical parameters being used to extract image features. During microscopic image acquisition, custom adjustments to the condenser and color temperature controls often have an influence on the extracted statistical features. But, our human visual system sub-consciously adjusts the color and retains the originality in a different lighting environment. Despite the use of appropriate image preprocessing, findings from the literature indicate that statistical feature variations exist, allowing the risk of P. falciparum misinterpretation. In order to eliminate this pervasive variation, the current work focuses on preprocessing the extracted statistical features rather than the prepossessing of the source image. It begins with the augmentation of series images for a microscopic field by inducing illumination variations during the microscopic image acquisition stage. A set of such image series is analyzed using a Nonlinear Regression Model to generalize the relationship between microscopic images acquired with variable ambient brightness and a specific feature. The projection point of the centroid feature onto the brightness parameter is identified in the model and it is denoted as the optimum brightness factor (OBF). Using the model, the feature correction factor (CF) is calculated from the rate of change of feature values over the interval OBF, and the brightness of the test image is processed. The present work has investigated OBF for selected image textural features, namely Contrast, Homogeneity, Entropy, Energy, and Correlation individually from its co-occurrence matrices. For performance analysis, the best state-of-the-art method uses selected texture as a subset feature to evaluate the effectiveness of P. falciparum malaria classification. Then, the impact of proposed feature processing is evaluated on 274 blood smear images with and without Feature Correction (FC). As a result, the “p” value is less than .05, which leads to the result that it is highly significant and the classification accuracy and F-score of P. falciparum malaria are increased.     

On the bright side: The influence of brightness on overall taste intensity perception

Ambient light luminance (i.e., brightness or dimness) is a frequently used tool by managers to enhance the overall ambience in their restaurants. The current research explores how a change in a restaurant’s ambient brightness influences the overall taste intensity perception of the food that is being served there. We conducted a between-group experiment in a field setting (i.e., a fine-dining restaurant), where we manipulated the illuminance level of the ambient light (dim vs. bright). Guests were served a dish—tailored to our research question—and asked to evaluate its overall taste intensity. The results demonstrate that guests exposed to the bright ambient light perceived the overall taste of the dish as more intense as opposed to guests exposed to the dim ambient light. The results thus show that modifying the ambient illuminance level in a restaurant does not only affect the overall ambience but also changes the overall taste experience of the food being served. This finding is not only theoretically relevant for research on multisensory integration, but it also provides tools for taste modulation, and—as such—for strategies to decrease salt and sugar consumption among diners.     

基于深度神经网络的表面划痕识别方法

为实现亮度不均的复杂纹理背景下表面划痕的鲁棒、精确、实时识别，提出一种基于深度神经网络的表面划痕识别方法。用于表面划痕识别的深度神经网络由风格迁移网络和聚焦卷积神经网络（CNN）构成，其中风格迁移网络针对亮度不均的复杂背景下的表面划痕进行预处理，风格迁移网络包括前馈转换网络和损失网络，首先通过损失网络提取亮度均匀模板的风格特征和检测图像的知觉特征，对前馈转换网络进行离线训练，获取网络最优参数值，最终使风格迁移网络生成亮度均匀且风格一致的图像，然后，利用所提出的基于聚焦结构的聚焦卷积神经网络对生成图像中的划痕特征进行提取并识别。以光照变化的金属表面为例，进行划痕识别实验，实验结果表明：与需要人工设计特征的传统图像处理方法及传统深度卷积神经网络相比，划痕漏报率低至8.54%，并且收敛速度更快，收敛曲线更加平滑，在不同的深度模型下均可取得较好的检测效果，准确率提升2%左右。风格迁移网络能够保留完整划痕特征的同时有效解决亮度不均的问题，从而提高划痕识别精度；同时聚焦卷积神经网络能够实现对划痕的鲁棒、精确、实时识别，大幅度降低划痕漏报率和误报率。