Stress State of Bent Buried Pipelines

The authors consider edge effects in buried pipelines that occur in the region of joining of a straight buried pipe and a bent insert (factory bend, elbow, or an elastically bent segment). The action of those effects results in the appearance of additional bending moments, which are proportional to the difference between the axial force in an infinite straight pipeline and that in a closed-end pipe, and depend on the geometrical parameters of the pipeline and physical-mechanical characteristics of the soil. Specific examples of analysis of elastic interaction of a pipeline with the soil for pipe bends with various radii of the bend arc are offered. It is shown that additional bending stresses may exceed appreciably the stresses from the axial force, and therefore, they should be taken into account when designing and building pipelines. The solution for an elastically bent segment has been obtained and analyzed.     

Towards an optimum language data model

Maximizing the satisfaction of a value in an engineering design is usually limited by tradeoffs in which other values become unacceptably sacrificed. In a few cases, however, the maximization is limited by a boundary between what is mathematically possible and what is not. Round wheels, vertical pillars, and binary memory elements are examples of optimum engineering structures which result from such mathematical limits. It is proposed that optimum characteristics of a language data model result similarly by minimizing the variety of primitive data objects, the complexity of those objects, and the number of objects needed to represent data states. Reducing these measures is needed to combine both rich data structure and powerful operations in one language. The minimizations lead to a narrow range of designs for language semantics in which the potential advantages of specialization is small compared with the advantages of commonality. Universal language for support of technical literacy appears to be an appropriate scope of generality in language design.     

在玻璃衬底上制作K~+离子交换掩埋波导的新工艺

本文报道用不同离子两步交换技术,在玻璃衬底上制作K~+离子交换掩埋波导的新工艺,它不要求施加外电场。用X射线能谱(XES)分析技术测试了K~+离子的浓度分布,证明所制出的样品是掩埋波导。     

运用古地磁方法测定油气成藏时限——以桩海地区下古生界潜山油气藏为例

运用古地磁厘定油气成藏时限是一种新的岩石地球物理方法。对采于桩海地区下古生界的6块岩心样品进行了系统交变退磁实验,分离出2个正极性分量:A分量(10～30mT)是现代地磁场的重磁化;B分量(30～60mT)是新生代烃类流体与下古生界碳酸岩储层相互作用的结果,对应的古地磁极位置为288.95oE、73.58oN。参考华北地块新生代古地磁极移曲线,推定本区下古生界古潜山油气藏的成藏时限为晚第三纪中新世早期(14～18Ma)。这种新方法在中、新生代油气藏成藏时限研究中具有一定的应用前景。     

基于C8051F040的CAN总线通讯系统设计

作为一种很有前途的现场总线,CAN总线通信相对于一般的串行通信总线,他的实时性、可靠性和灵活性的特点更加突出。介绍了C8051F040内部集成的CAN控制器的使用方法,给出了以此芯片为核心的CAN总线智能节点通讯接口的硬件和软件设计,实际的运行验证了设计的正确性。其设计通用性好、可靠性高、性价比高,具有广泛的应用前景。     

CONTEXTUALIZING LEARNING OBJECTS USING ONTOLOGIES

Educational research over the past three years has intensified such that the context of learning resources needs to be properly modeled. Many researchers have described and even mandated the use of ontologies in the research being conducted, yet the process of actually connecting one or more ontologies to a learning object has not been extensively discussed. This paper describes a practical model for associating multiple ontologies with learning objects while making full use of the IEEE LOM specification. The model categorizes these ontologies according to five major categories of context based on the most popular fields of study actively being pursued by the educational research community: Thematic context, Pedagogical context, Learner context, Organizational context, and Historical/Statistical context.     

Perceptually Grounded Language Learning: Part 2—DETE: A Neural/Procedural Model

In Part 1 of this two-part series, we introduced Katamic memory—a neural network architecture capable of robust sequence learning and recognition. In Part 2, we introduce the Blobs World taskjdomain for language learning and describe the DETE language learning system, which is composed of over 50 Katamic memory modules. DETE currently learns small subsets of English and Spanish via association with perceptual! motor inputs. In addition to Kaiamic memory, DETE employs several other novel features: (1) use of feature planes, to encode visual shapes, spatial relationships and the motions of objects, (2) phase-locking of neural firing, in order to represent focus of atention and to bind objects across multiple feature planes, and (3) a method for encoding temporal relationships, so that DETE can learn utterances involving the immediate past and future. We compare DETE to related models and discuss the implications of this approach for language-learning research.     

A rule-based approach for robust clump splitting

This paper presents a robust rule-based approach for the splitting of binary clumps that are formed by objects of diverse shapes and sizes. First, the deepest boundary pixels, i.e., the concavity pixels in a clump, are detected using a fast and accurate scheme. Next, concavity-based rules are applied to generate the candidate split lines that join pairs of concavity pixels. A figure of merit is used to determine the best split line from the set of candidate lines. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is robust and accurate.     

复杂形体目标激光散射特征测量系统的研制

复杂形体目标激光散射特征的测量系统中，利用反射式离轴光路满足了可见到远红外波段的测量需要，通过大孔径（250mm）物方远心接收光路实现了对实际远场的模拟测量，以光滑镀金球体作为标准器，可直接获得任意目标散射截面的绝对值。在0．6328、1．06和10．6μm三个波段针对标准器的实测结果表明，平均误差小于4．95％。