金属螯合制备AZO@TiO2导电晶须及其性能研究

AZO@TiO₂导电晶须是一种导电性能好、白度高、价格低廉的导电材料。目前共沉淀法制备该材料难以实现锌铝元素掺杂均匀及近中性反应条件。本研究采用金属螯合法,以AlCl₃和ZnCl₂为原料,以乙酰丙酮为螯合剂,在无水乙醇中溶解得到稳定的金属螯合物前驱体溶液,再通过水解及煅烧在TiO₂表面包覆一层AZO导电膜制备AZO@TiO₂导电晶须。通过单因素试验探究了包覆比、掺杂比、乙酰丙酮的配比和煅烧温度对晶须导电性能的影响,并通过设计四因素三水平正交试验进一步优化工艺参数。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、四探针测试仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及热重分析仪(TGA)对所制得的导电晶须进行测试表征,结果表明,以此种方法制得的AZO@TiO₂导电晶须表面电阻率最低达到0.318kΩ·cm。     

神经网络用于无磷洗涤助剂合成条件的预测与优化

以丙烯酸和马来酸酐为单体,采用溶液聚合法合成了一种三聚磷酸钠的无磷替代品丙烯酸与马来酸酐共聚物。以L16(45)正交实验的结果,采用误差反向传播BP(backpropagation)算法,完成了神经网络的学习,据此预测了MA与AA质量比、引发剂与单体质量比、反应温度、反应时间、滴加单体时间对助洗性能的影响。在给定误差范围内,预测结果表明,最佳产品的合成条件是:MA与AA质量比为0 25,引发剂与单体质量比为0 045,反应温度为85℃,反应时间1 5h,单体滴加时间为20min;实验结果表明,BP神经网络在合成无磷助洗剂中有较好的离线学习功能,可以较少的实验次数而获得更多的信息,指导合成工作。     

Syntheses and adsorption properties for Hg2+ of chelating resin of crosslinked polystyrene‐supported 2,5‐dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiodiazole

A novel chelating resin with functional group containing S and N atoms was prepared using chloromethylated polystyrene and 2,5‐dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiodiazole (also called bismuththiol I, BMT) as materials. Its structure was characterized by infrared spectra and elementary analysis. The results showed that the content of the functional group was 2.07 mmol BMT g^?1 resin, 47% of which were in the form of monosubstitution (PS‐BMT‐1) and 53% in the form of double substitution (PS‐BMT‐2). The adsorption for mercury ion was investigated. The adsorption dynamics showed that the adsorption was controlled by liquid film diffusion. Increasing the temperature was beneficial to adsorption. The Langmuir model was much better than the Freundlich model to describe the isothermal process. The adsorption activation energy (E_a), ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS values calculated were 18.56 kJ·mol^?1, ‐5.99 kJ·mol^?1, 16.38 kJ·mol^?1, and 37.36, J·mol^?1·K^?1, respectively. The chelating resin could be easily regenerated by 2% thiourea in 0.1 mol·L^?1 HCl with higher effectiveness. Five adsorption–desorption cycles demonstrated that this resin was suitable for repeated use without considerable change in adsorption capacity. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1646–1652, 2004     

Preparation of Chelating Polymer Grafted Magnetic Adsorbent and Its Application for Removal of Pb(Ⅱ) Ions

A novel magnetic chelating adsorbent (CPMS) with iminodiacetate functionality was prepared by polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate-iminodiacetic acid (GMA-IDA) monomer with N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker in the presence of monodisperse magnetic silica microspheres (MS). CPMS was characterized by IR, SEM, VSM and TGA. The experimental results revealed that MS was embedded in the gel polymer, but the morphology of CPMS was irregular. The saturation magnetization for CPMS was found to be 28.4 emu/g, and the percentage of GMA-IDA polymer grafted on MS was about 46.5%. CPMS were shown to be efficient for the removal of Pb(II) ions at pH 3.0 - 6.0, and the adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 54.4 mg?g?1 at pH 5.0. Moreover, the adsorption rate of CPMS was fast and it took about 5 minutes to achieve adsorption equilibrium in aqueous solution of lower lead ions concentration.     

Alanine containing porous beads for mercury removal from artificial solutions

N‐methacryloyl‐(L )‐alanine (MALA) was synthesized by using methacryloyl chloride and alanine as a metal‐complexing ligand or comonomer. Spherical beads with an average diameter of 150–200 μm were obtained by suspension polymerization of MALA and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) conducted in an aqueous dispersion medium. Poly(HEMA–MALA) beads were characterized by SEM, swelling studies, surface area measurement, and elemental analysis. Poly(HEMA–MALA) beads have a specific surface area of 68.5 m²/g. Poly(HEMA–MALA) beads with a swelling ratio of 63%, and containing 247 μmol MALA/g were used in the removal of Hg²⁺ from aqueous solutions. Adsorption equilibrium was achieved in about 60 min. The adsorption of Hg²⁺ ions onto PHEMA beads was negligible (0.3 mg/g). The MALA incorporation into the polymer structure significantly increased the mercury adsorption capacity (168 mg/g). Adsorption capacity of MALA containing beads increased significantly with pH. The adsorption of Hg²⁺ ions increased with increasing pH and reached a plateau value at around pH 5.0. Competitive heavy metal adsorption from aqueous solutions containing Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Hg²⁺ was also investigated. The adsorption capacities are 44.5 mg/g for Hg²⁺, 6.4 mg/g for Cd²⁺, 2.9 mg/g for Pb²⁺, and 2.0 mg/g for Cu²⁺ ions. These results may be considered as an indication of higher specificity of the poly(HEMA–MALA) beads for the Hg²⁺ comparing to other ions. Consecutive adsorption and elution operations showed the feasibility of repeated use for poly(HEMA–MALA) chelating beads. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1222–1228, 2006     

含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥在番茄上的施用效果

以螯合微量元素肥为对照,研究了含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥在番茄上的施用效果。结果表明,施用含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥的番茄茎粗、叶厚以及叶绿素含量均较对照处理稍高,但差异性未达到显著性水平(P0.05);5次糖度值数据跟踪显示,施用含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥的番茄糖度均高于对照处理,糖度较对照处理提高了3.50%~7.72%;施用含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥的番茄单果质量略高于对照处理,且与对照相比,施用含解磷菌螯合微量元素肥处理的番茄增产率达到22.12%。     

Synergetic effect of chelating agent and nonionic surfactant for benzotriazoleremoval on post Cu-CMP cleaning

The cleaning of copper interconnects after chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process is a critical step in integrated circuits (ICs) fabrication. Benzotriazole (BTA), which is used as corrosion inhibitor in the copper CMP slurry, is the primary source for the formation of organic contaminants. The presence of BTA can degrade the electrical properties and reliability of ICs which needs to be removed by using an effective cleaning solution. In this paper, an alkaline cleaning solution was proposed. The alkaline cleaning solution studied in this work consists of a chelating agent and a nonionic surfactant. The removal of BTA was characterized by contact angle measurements and potentiodynamic polarization studies. The cleaning properties of the proposed cleaning solution on a 300 mm copper patterned wafer were also quantified, total defect counts after cleaning was studied, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) review was used to identify types of BTA to confirm the ability of cleaning solution for BTA removal. All the results reveal that the chelating agent can effectively remove the BTA residual, nonionic surfactant can further improve the performance.     

多胺型螯合树脂的合成及其对Ag（Ⅰ）的吸附

合成了五种分子内分别含有－ＯＣ２Ｈ４ＮＣ２Ｈ４ＯＨ、－ＯＣ２Ｈ４Ｎ（Ｃ２Ｈ４ＯＨ）２和－ＯＣ２Ｈ４ＮＨ（Ｃ２Ｈ４ＮＨ）ｎＨ（ｎ＝１,２,３）功能的基的螯合树脂,研究了它们对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）的静态吸附性能,结果表明,吸附具有典型的Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ和Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ特征;液膜扩散是吸附的主控步骤;其对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）的平衡吸附量可分别达０．７７３,０．４６６,０．９５８,１．３９８和１．９４７ｍｍｏｌ·ｇ＾－     

新型硼螯合树脂的合成及其对盐湖卤水中硼的吸附

用甲基葡萄糖胺(MG)将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和三甲基丙烯酸三甲醇基丙烷酯(TRIM)的大孔共聚物功能化改性,制备出新型硼特效螯合树脂. 通过红外光谱鉴定了大孔共聚物、螯合树脂及吸附硼后树脂的结构,研究了该树脂对盐湖卤水中硼的吸附性能,考察了树脂基体聚合物性质对硼吸附量的影响,并建立了树脂对硼的吸附动力学模型. 结果表明,聚合物单体中GMA含量对硼吸附量的影响较大,此类树脂吸附硼具有选择性高、吸附容量高、吸附速度快、易于脱附的优点,吸附动力学模型符合颗粒扩散模型.     

Noble metal ion sorption by pyridyl and bipyridyl group‐containing chelating polymers

A series of eighteen 4‐vinylpyridine and 4‐methyl‐4′‐vinylbipyridine copolymers with different crosslinkers was examined as sorbents for the noble metal ions of Ag(I), Au(III), Pd(II), and Pt(II) from aqueous solutions. The chelating polymers possess appreciable sorption selectivity for Au(III) over Ag(I) and for Pd(II) over Pt(II). Binding abilities of the copolymers toward the noble metal ions vary as the identity of the chelating heterocyclic amine moiety and the structure of the crosslinkers are altered. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 207–213, 2001