Characterization of minocycline loaded chitosan/polyethylene glycol/glycerol blend films as antibacterial wound dressings

Wound care has been a challenging subject for medical teams and researchers. Bacterial infections are one of the most serious complications in injured skins that often affect healing process. Antibacterial wound dressings can be used to facilitate wound healing process. The purpose of this study is to fabricate chitosan (Chito)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibacterial wound dressing doped with minocycline, and to evaluate the influence of composition ratio on the blending properties of the films. To improve the mechanical properties of these films, we examined various amounts of glycerol as a plasticizer. Moreover, we investigated morphological and mechanical aspects, water uptake, degradation, water vapor transmission and wettability properties of the films prepared with various ratios of Chito/PEG/Gly. Assessment of mechanical properties revealed that film containing 80:20 ratio Chito/PEG with 40 PHR Gly content exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break (9.74 MPa and 45.73% respectively). Furthermore, results demonstrated that upon increasing PEG and Gly contents, degradability and hydrophilicity of the films increased whereas water uptake decreased. Water vapor transmission rate of the films was close to the range of 530–1200 g/m²d, indicating that the as formed films are possible candidates for dressing low exudate wounds or burns. Minocycline loaded films exhibited a biphasic drug release profile and it was more effective on gram-positive bacteria than on gram-negative bacteria. The polymeric film with the highest amount of loaded drug (2%) exhibited insignificant cytotoxicity (88%) against normal fibroblast cell line.     

Nano-Au/复合壳聚糖@纳米碳修饰金电极检测亚硝酸盐

该文介绍了以复合壳聚糖@纳米碳为基底固定纳米金,利用具有催化性的纳米碳及纳米金作为识别元素检测亚硝酸盐,从而制备了无生物物质标记且无电子媒介体的亚硝酸盐传感器。该修饰电极在亚硝酸盐浓度为8.0×10-6~2.0×10-4mol/L范围内有线性响应,线性相关系数r=0.9956。实验结果表明,该传感器具有制备简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好、线性范围宽等优点。     

基于支持向量机的红细胞彩色图像分割

对红细胞进行精确的分割并统计各类参数在临床医学中有着重要的意义,但现有经典算法很难实现自动分割并获得较高准确率。红细胞的分割主要有两个难点：一是红细胞的目标提取;二是重叠红细胞的分割。本文首先利用SVM对原始图像进行红细胞提取,把原始细胞分割成红细胞和背景两类目标区域,然后对红细胞区域进行重叠分割（本文中使用改进距离标记的分水岭算法）,最终得到各个红细胞的统计数据。为获得最佳的分割效果,本文通过实验对核函数、支持向量类型及相关参数进行了详细的比较和分析。实验结果表明,该算法能有效、快捷、准确、全自动的实现     

珍珠层粉/壳聚糖多孔支架的制备及分析测试

用负压真空冷冻干燥机在-20℃条件下冷冻干燥48h制备珍珠层粉/壳聚糖复合多孔支架。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察支架表面形貌,通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等手段对材料进行表征测试,检测其降解性能,并将兔骨髓间充质干细胞与支架共培养检测材料细胞毒性。结果表明复合支架具有稳固的三维多孔结构,孔隙率最大至91.64%,孔径在100~300μm范围,降解性能适宜,且冷冻干燥制备方法对珍珠层粉的结构无明显破坏,并具有良好的生物相容性,有利于细胞的生长。     

叶酸协同EDC改性高脱乙酰度壳聚糖微球的制备及工艺探究

使用高脱乙酰度壳聚糖制备了靶向药物载体-叶酸改性壳聚糖微球。首先通过碱法制备了高脱乙酰度的壳聚糖,采用酸碱滴定法和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对其结构进行了表征,结果表明,经脱乙酰化处理后的壳聚糖脱乙酰度高达93.8%。然后以高脱乙酰度壳聚糖制备了叶酸改性壳聚糖,创新性地发现用1∶1的二甲基亚砜和水的混合溶剂可以得到壳聚糖和叶酸反应的均相体系。通过不同的改性方案,得到了不同改性程度的壳聚糖,改性程度分别达到了2.60%、5.10%、8.75%和9.49%。最后用三聚磷酸钠交联制备了叶酸改性壳聚糖微球,并用激光粒度仪系统地分析了三聚磷酸钠和改性壳聚糖的用量比例及浓度对微球的粒径、Zeta电位的影响。研究发现,随着三聚磷酸钠与改性壳聚糖的比值增大,微球的粒径和Zeta电位都增大,当比值增加到一定的程度,微球的粒径会快速增加。对三聚磷酸钠和改性壳聚糖加入浓度的研究,发现浓度的增大将导致粒径的增大和Zeta电位的降低。     

燃料电池用QCS键和层析硅胶膜的制备及其性能表征

以季铵化壳聚糖(QCS)和层析硅胶为原料,制备了不同硅胶含量的多孔膜。用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对多孔膜的结构和形貌进行表征。同时,考察了层析硅胶的用量对多孔膜的含水率(WU)、溶胀度(SR)、机械性能和电导率的影响。结果表明,随着层析硅胶含量的增加,多孔膜的含水率、溶胀度和电导率均升高,但机械性能下降。当层析硅胶的用量为40%时,多孔膜的含水率高达816%,但是膜的溶胀度仅为189%,拉伸强度为5.6MPa,断裂伸长率为4.2%;在测试温度为70℃时,不同层析硅胶含量多孔膜的电导率数值分布在2.4~3.9×10~(-2)S/cm的范围内,且随硅胶含量的增加而增加。     

墨汁碳纳米粒增强壳聚糖复合膜的制备及性能研究

利用墨汁中碳纳米粒为增强体,以流延法制备墨汁/壳聚糖复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合膜的结构进行了表征,研究不同的墨汁加入量对墨汁/壳聚糖复合膜力学、耐水以及光透过率等性能的影响。结果表明低含量墨汁中碳纳米粒可均匀分散在壳聚糖基体中。与纯壳聚糖膜相比,加入墨汁后的复合膜的力学性能和耐水性能得到了明显的提高。复合膜的光透过率随着复合膜中墨汁含量的增加急剧下降,具有非常优异的光阻隔性能。     

谷氨酸发酵液的絮凝过滤研究

对用壳聚糖絮凝处理谷氨酸发酵液的方法进行研究,讨论了ｐＨ值、絮凝剂浓度、温度和搅拌时间对处理效果的影响。实验结果表明：最佳工艺条件是壳聚糖浓度１００ｐｐｍ,ｐＨ５￣６,在３０￣６０℃搅拌１５ｍｉｎ。     

Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of copper(II) using a functionalized carbon nanotubes paste electrode modified with crosslinked chitosan

The development and application of a functionalized carbon nanotubes paste electrode (CNPE) modified with crosslinked chitosan for determination of Cu(II) in industrial wastewater, natural water and human urine samples by linear scan anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) are described. Different electrodes were constructed using chitosan and chitosan crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (CTS-GA) and epichlorohydrin (CTS-ECH). The best voltammetric response for Cu(II) was obtained with a paste composition of 65% (m/m) of functionalized carbon nanotubes, 15% (m/m) of CTS-ECH, and 20% (m/m) of mineral oil using a solution of 0.05 mol L⁻¹ KNO₃ with pH adjusted to 2.25 with HNO₃, an accumulation potential of −0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L⁻¹ KCl) for 300 s and a scan rate of 100 mV s⁻¹. Under these optimal experimental conditions, the voltammetric response was linearly dependent on the Cu(II) concentration in the range from 7.90 × 10⁻⁸ to 1.60 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 1.00 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹. The samples analyses were evaluated using the proposed sensor and a good recovery of Cu(II) was obtained with results in the range from 98.0% to 104%. The analysis of industrial wastewater, natural water and human urine samples obtained using the proposed CNPE modified with CTS-ECH electrode and those obtained using a comparative method are in agreement at the 95% confidence level.     

纳米金-壳聚糖-血红蛋白/普鲁士蓝/金电极检测过氧化氢

在普鲁士蓝修饰的金电极上,通过纳米金/壳聚糖复合膜固定血红蛋白,研制了安培型过氧化氢生物传感器,线性范围和检测限分别为1～5 000 umol/L和0.27umol/L.