城市人行道设置宽度研究

为保证人行道满足步行交通的需要,使人们能自由、安全地行走,并且不影响道路车辆的正常行驶,需要合理确定人行道的设置宽度.通过对行人的行走特性进行观察和分析,研究行人通过净宽的需求,确定合理的行人通过净宽值;对逆向行人的行走特性进行分析,得到了逆向行人与人行道通行能力的关系;人行道的宽度要根据通过净宽、逆向人流的影响、功能设施宽度以及公交停靠站的影响进行综合分析,给出了具体的计算分析过程.通过宣庆街上的平公街———黄河路段的人行道调查研究,对设置宽度给出了具体的确定过程.合理确定人行道的宽度,可以满足人行需要,使车辆运行不受影响,有利于构筑和谐的道路交通环境.     

数字化时代的书卷——厦门理工学院图文信息中心及办公中心构思

文章整理了设计厦门理工学院图文信息中心及办公中心的构思,解析数字时代文化建筑的个性缘由。提出建筑师应深刻的解读建筑所处环境,对建筑形体的推敲、对材料的合理选择和运用,通过细部的构造物质手段,构筑建筑内外匀质空间。     

A simplified procedure for determining indoor daylight illuminance using daylight coefficient concept

The first step in evaluating the visual performance and energy efficiency provided by daylight requires an accurate estimation of the amount of daylight entering a building. The actual daylight illuminance of a room is mainly influenced by the luminance levels and patterns of the sky in the direction of view of the window at that time. The daylight coefficient concept, which considers the changes in the luminance of the sky elements, offers a more effective way of computing indoor daylight illuminances. Recently, Kittler et al. have proposed a new range of 15 standard sky luminance distributions including the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) standard clear sky. Lately, these 15 sky luminance models have been adopted as the CIE Standard General Skies. This paper presents a graphical method to calculate interior illuminance for the CIE standard clear sky using the daylight coefficient approach. The simplified techniques in the form of a nomograph and Waldram diagram were established and described. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated against the results obtained by an independent calculation approach and a computer simulation program. It was shown that the daylight illuminances estimated by our graphical tool were in reasonably good agreement with those produced from the other two methods. The findings provide building professionals and students a reliable and simple alternative that incorporates the daylight coefficient concept to estimate the interior daylight illuminance and assess daylighting performance.     

Lowering the outdoor temperature in high-rise high-density residential developments of coastal Hong Kong: The vegetation influence

This paper investigates the impact of on-site variables on the influence of vegetation in lowering outdoor temperature. The study uses six critical on-site variables such as surface albedo, sky view factor, altitude, shrub cover, tree cover and average height to floor area ratio to carry out analysis in five data sets. The climatic parameters and physical characteristics were measured and surveyed, respectively in 216 stations in high-rise high-density residential developments of coastal Hong Kong. The data set is mainly categorised into peak summer clear sky days (PSCS-days), peak summer partially cloudy days (PSPC-days) and late summer days to address the issues related to cloudy sky conditions in Hong Kong. The trend analysis shows that at a lower sky view factor, ranging from 0.1 to 0.25, shrub cover as low as 10–15% in a 1000 m² open area is more effective in reducing outdoor temperature than the same level of tree cover in a location with a higher sky view factor (0.4 or above). The regression models used in this study were able to explain the influence of on-site variables on vegetation in lowering the outdoor temperature within the respective urban settings. In high-rise high-density environments, on-site variables such as sky view factor and altitude have a substantial impact on the influence of vegetation in lowering outdoor temperature. However, off-site variables such as high urban density and anthropogenic heat could negate the behaviour of sky view factor and altitude. The study suggests that increasing the tree cover from 25% to 40% in the pocket parks in coastal area residential developments of Hong Kong could reduce daytime urban heat island intensity (UHI) by further 0.5 °C.     

西南铝热连轧主厂房预制构件清水混凝土施工

结合某厂房预制构件清水混凝土施工实例,论述了清水混凝土施工的质量标准,对混凝土材料的选择及配合比设计、模板设计与加固、施工过程等控制措施作了总结,并对工程质量实施效果作了评价,从而进一步推广该技术的应用.     

爆破动力作用下小净距隧道围岩振动效应分析

以渝长高速公路武隆小净距隧道掘进爆破为背景,应用FLAC3D数值模拟法进行隧道掘进爆破条件下的前洞围岩振动效应分析.通过计算结果与试验数据的对比分析,证明了应用此计算方法进行振动强度分析的可行性.进一步分析表明,全断面不同循环进尺爆破方案引起振动速度的分布规律基本相同;在爆破掌子面前,前洞迎爆侧边墙上的最大振动速度沿隧道轴线方向随水平距离增大有明显的放大现象,最大振动速度发生在爆破掌子面前面10 m左右前洞断面迎爆侧的边墙上;在爆区附近,前洞迎爆侧围岩上的振动速度是背爆侧的6-10倍.     

支化和交联结构对丙烯酸粉末罩光漆抗冲击强度的影响

随着环境问题的日益严重,粉末涂料由于不含溶剂的优点,因此受到了越来越广泛的关注,其中由于丙烯酸类的粉末涂料具有高装饰性和耐候性,得到了很大的发展．但丙烯酸树脂的一个显著特点是抗冲击强度较差,长期以来为获得具有较高抗冲击强度的丙烯酸树脂,各国科研工作者对此进行了大量的研究工作．     

MSP430系列C语言环境下的软件设计实用技巧

介绍MSP4 30系列Flash型单片机内部的Flash控制器的结构 ,以MSP4 30F14 9为例介绍如何在C编译环境下对Flash存储器进行在线擦除和编程操作 ,并且就实际现场的基于裸机的首次参数保存提出了实用建议 ,给出了数组结构参数保存的实际C语言例程     

公路回旋曲线最大横净距精确算法

指出《公路路线设计规范（ ＪＴＪ０１１－９４）》中关于公路平曲线最大横净距计算公式中存在的问题,提出新的可资借鉴的计算方法和公式     

低温釉下装饰红炻陶的研制与机理探讨

低温釉下装饰红炻陶分别从胎体材质与装饰技术二个方面对传统红泥陶作了突破与发展 ,是一种新型的低耗能陶瓷品类。介绍了其研制方法与生产工艺 ,并结合其物化性能与显微结构的检测结果 ,对有关机理作了较为深入的探讨