Fundamental Clock of Biological Aging: Convergence of Molecular,Neurodegenerative, Cognitive and Psychiatric Pathways: Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics Meet Psychology

In humans, age-associated degrading changes, widely observed in molecular and cellular processes underly the time-dependent decline in spatial navigation, time perception, cognitive and psychological abilities, and memory. Cross-talk of biological, cognitive, and psychological clocks provides an integrative contribution to healthy and advanced aging. At the molecular level, genome, proteome, and lipidome instability are widely recognized as the primary causal factors in aging. We narrow attention to the roles of protein aging linked to prevalent amino acids chirality, enzymatic and spontaneous (non-enzymatic) post-translational modifications (PTMs ^SP), and non-equilibrium phase transitions. The homochirality of protein synthesis, resulting in the steady-state non-equilibrium condition of protein structure, makes them prone to multiple types of enzymatic and spontaneous PTMs, including racemization and isomerization. Spontaneous racemization leads to the loss of the balanced prevalent chirality. Advanced biological aging related to irreversible PTMs ^SP has been associated with the nontrivial interplay between somatic (molecular aging) and mental (psychological aging) health conditions. Through stress response systems (SRS), the environmental and psychological stressors contribute to the age-associated “collapse” of protein homochirality. The role of prevalent protein chirality and entropy of protein folding in biological aging is mainly overlooked. In a more generalized context, the time-dependent shift from enzymatic to the non-enzymatic transformation of biochirality might represent an important and yet underappreciated hallmark of aging. We provide the experimental arguments in support of the racemization theory of aging.     

长期稳定度 2. 6×10 -16 的工程化高可靠铷原子喷泉钟

随着喷泉钟运行可靠性的提升和激光技术的日趋成熟,喷泉钟不仅可以作为基准钟驾驭原子时标,提升原子时标的长 期稳定度和准确度指标,还可以紧驾驭氢钟作为复合守时钟使用。 铷原子的基态超精细能级跃迁作为次级秒定义,具有碰撞截 面小,冷却激光运行可靠性高的优势,更加适合工程化。 中国计量科学研究院研制的工程化铷原子喷泉钟采用双金属微波真空 一体腔提升系统温度适应性,采用小型化光学系统和笼式结构探测光系统提升了运行可靠性,实现了铷喷泉钟长期准连续运 行,年运行率达到 97. 5% 。 通过 1 年的比对测试,铷喷泉钟与 NIM5 铯喷泉钟频率比对的长期稳定度优于 3. 7×10 -16 ,单台喷泉 钟的长期频率稳定度优于 2. 6×10 -16 。     

The Conserved and Specific Roles of the LUX ARRHYTHMO in Circadian Clock and Nodulation

LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) plays a key role in circadian rhythms and flowering. Here, we identified the MtLUX gene which is the putative ortholog of LUX in Medicago truncatula. The roles of MtLUX, in both the nodulation belowground and leaf movement aboveground, were investigated by characterizing a loss-of-function mtlux mutant. MtLUX was required for the control of flowering time under both long-day and short-day conditions. Further investigations showed that the early flowering in the mtlux mutant was correlated with the elevated expression level of the MtFTa1 gene but in a CO-like independent manner. MtLUX played a conserved role in the regulatory interactions with MtLHY, MtTOC1, and MtPRR genes, which is similar to those in other species. Meanwhile, the unexpected functions of MtLUX were revealed in nodule formation and nyctinastic leaf movement, probably through the indirect regulation in MtLHY. Its participation in nodulation is of interest in the context of functional conservation and the neo-functionalization of the products of LUX orthologs.     

电子速度控制器在梳棉机清花机上的应用

梳棉机清花机ＳＫ—Ⅰ电子速度控制器采用霍尔磁电传感器和自动检测技术以及集成电路设计制造，是超小型高科技机电一体化仪器．性能达到同类进口产品技术水平，可代替进口设备．该仪器控制精度高．造价低，是性能优良的速度测控设备．有效地保护梳棉机清花机以及化纤等机电设备．具有很好的经济效益。     

模拟路灯控制系统的设计

在交通日趋发达的今天,交通路灯控制系统的设计已成为交通亮化工程的一个重要问题。文章就如何能为交通车辆和行人提供一个明亮的交通环境又能节约电力资源设计了一个模拟路灯控制系统,根据不同的交通状况对路灯实施不同的控制模式,做到了电力资源的合理有效利用。     

可变周期的无线传感器时间同步算法

时间同步技术是无线传感器网络应用中的一项关键技术.介绍了几种无线传感器网络的主流同步算法.通过对比,总结了各种算法的优点和限制条件.最后提出了可变周期的无线传感器时间同步算法,该算法利用改进的参考广播同步协议估计时间偏差和速率偏差,并通过估计出来的偏差值动态调整下次同步的周期,达到减少同步次数,节约能量的目的.     

基于模拟退火方法的多级时钟树的构建

在时钟布线中,时钟信号和时钟偏差对电路性能的影响越来越明显。针对传统的时钟网络拓扑生成算法存在的不足,提出了时钟二叉树的“多级”模型并设计了基于模拟退火方法的时钟二叉树形成算法。用该算法对随机测试例子和标准标杆测试例子的测试中发现,较之传统的启发式算法,该算法能产生更好的测试结果。     

伽利略EPTS中原子钟频率稳定度与噪声类型分析

本文对伽利略系统实验精确授时中心(EPTS)中四台原子钟的主要特性进行了分析.首先基于原子钟的信号模型和时域上的实验测量数据,用Allan方差对各原子钟的频率稳定度进行了计算与分析.其次运用最小二乘算法对短期和长期的时域稳定度数据进行线性拟合,根据拟合斜率鉴别了影响EPTS中各原子钟的主要噪声类型.实验结果表明,EPTS中具有高短期稳定度的氢原子钟和三台高长期稳定度的铯原子钟满足在GSTB-V1阶段产生实验伽利略系统时间(EGST)的设计要求.