基于RFID技术的无线定位系统

RFID是一种非接触式自动识别技术,它的应用非常广泛。SpotON系统、LANDMARC系统都是基于RFID的无线定位系统。文章介绍了RFID用于室内定位的4种不同的定位模式,同时介绍了采用RFID技术来简化对WLAN基础设施进行管理的思科无线定位解决方案。该解决方案可从WLAN基础设施内部跟踪数千个无线设备,从而简化WLAN管理,有效提高网络扩展性。     

认知定位系统的自适应精度研究

为了能够实现定位精度的自适应,本文分析了认知无线电定位系统(cognitive positioning systems,CPS)的原理。该系统利用频谱及环境感知等模块中的传感器单元来获取所需的定位参数,并将其与到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)定位估计算法相结合,以克拉美罗下界(Cramer-Rao lower bound,CRLB)为准则分析最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)定位精度自适应算法。本文还对单径和多径环境条件下定位精度自适应性能进行了比较。仿真结果表明,该算法能够实现定位精度的自适应,并能通过改善系统可用的频带带宽、分散频谱的数目、信号的调制方式等因素来提高定位精度。     

认知无线电技术在ZigBee中的应用研究

目前多种无线通信技术共享2．4GHzISM频段,它们之间的相互干扰以及频谱重叠现象已成为人们非常关注的一个问题。文中将认知无线电技术应用到ZigBee网络通信中,针对2．4GHz频段,利用认知无线电的频谱感知功能,对信道状态进行检测,搜寻频谱空穴,并且对频谱进行长期感知和统计,使ZigBee用户选择最可能空闲的频段作为传输信道,同时提出了一个2．4GHz无线环境感知模型。该方法提高了ISM频段的频谱利用率,并且减少了同频段其他多种无线通信技术对ZigBee产生的干扰,保证了ZigBee信号的有效传输。     

A novel method for the classification of Alzheimer's disease from normal controls using magnetic resonance imaging

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. Although fewer people, who suffer from AD are correctly and promptly diagnosed, due to a lack of knowledge of its cause and unavailability of treatment, AD is more manageable if the symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are in an early stage. In recent years, computer‐aided diagnosis has been widely used for the diagnosis of AD. The main motive of this paper is to improve the classification and prediction accuracy of AD. In this paper, a novel approach is developed to classify MCI, normal control (NC), and AD using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset (50 AD, 50 NC, 50 MCI subjects). FreeSurfer is used to process these MRI data and obtain cortical features such as volume, surface area, thickness, white matter (WM), and intrinsic curvature of the brain regions. These features are modified by normalizing each cortical region's features using the absolute maximum value of that region's features from all subjects in each group of MCI, NC, and AD independently. A total of 420 features are obtained. To address the curse of dimensionality, the obtained features are reduced to 30 features using a sequential feature selection technique. Three classifiers, namely the twin support vector machine (TSVM), least squares TSVM (LSTSVM), and robust energy‐based least squares TSVM (RELS‐TSVM), are used to evaluate the classification accuracy from the obtained features. Five‐fold and 10‐fold cross‐validation are used to validate the proposed method. Experimental results show an accuracy of 100% for the studied database. The proposed approach is innovative due to its higher classification accuracy compared to methods in the existing literature.     

采空区自然发火监测系统的设计

针对现有的采空区自然发火监测方式成本高、易出现故障、维护困难且有线传输方式不可靠的问题,采用无线射频技术和CAN总线技术设计了一种采空区自然发火监测系统,详细介绍了系统的整体架构,主要硬件部分的设计,以及无线通信频率、探头工作时序、无线接收分站工作流程、无线路由控制协议等关键技术的实现等。测试结果表明,该系统组网快速,当两探头间距小于150 m时能够对各监测节点处的温度数据进行实时采集及可靠传输,工作寿命达90 d。     

物联网技术研究进展

目前,物联网因其巨大的应用前景而受到各国政府、学术界和工业界的广泛重视,成为国内外信息通信领域的新研究热点;物联网产业己经成为推动世界经济增长的重要新兴产业,我国已将物联网的发展列为信息产业发展的下一个战略高点;首先总结了物联网的国内外研究进展,其次对物联网的概念、实现原理与体系结构进行了分析,归纳了物联网涉及的关键技术,然后介绍了物联网的一些典型应用,最后指出了物联网进一步研究的方向以及制约国内物联网发展的问题及解决对策。     

Theory of edge perception for computer vision feedback control

In this paper, the authors address the problem of edge-perception for its applications to vision-feedback control in robotic systems.In natural vision, the recognition of objects takes place through the process consisting of eye system, neural networks and cognition. The cognitive process, in turn yields a phenomenon known as perception. This is the phenomenon of perception of physical attributes, such as edges, color and texture, etc., which is responsible for the recognition of objects through the natural vision processes.In this paper, we make an attempt to postulate the theory of perception for gray-level images. The gray-level images, when going through the cognitive and perception processes, are contaminated by the uncertainty; here we call it cognitive uncertainty.The studies in this paper are confined to the phenomenon of edge-perception for two-dimensional gray-level images, however, these studies can be extended to other types of visual attributes both in two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces. Indeed, the perception of these attributes, which attempts to emulate the human vision system, may help in the design of a truly robust computer vision-feedback control system for robotic applications.     

基于最大加权独立集的频谱分配算法

动态频谱接入技术允许认知用户接入未授权的频谱,可以有效地提高频谱资源的利用率。频谱分配算法的时间开销和公平性是算法优劣的主要评价标准。本文从图论着色模型出发,构建了着色算法的评价体系及优化目标。针对用户间的公平性与分配的时间开销问题,在极大独立集的基础上提出了基于加权最大独立集的着色算法,获得了接近于最优的用户公平性,且该算法的时间开销等于信道数,与认知用户的数目无关。仿真分析验证了算法的正确性。     

基于层次认知模型的大学计算机课程多元混合教学模式设计与实施

根据计算思维理论中从知识到能力转变的递进过程,构建了基于层次认知模型的多元混合式教学课程体系和教学模式,并以大学计算机课程为例,以学生自主学习和协作学习为教学出发点,开发、整合出优质教学资源,设计了多样化教学活动,以培养学生综合应用计算机的软硬件知识解决本专业的实际问题为目的,最终应用到“SPOC+翻转课堂”混合教学中,达到教学目标。     

Effects of Berry Anthocyanins on Cognitive Performance,Vascular Function and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Intervention Studies in Humans

Supplementation with anthocyanins, which are a type of flavonoids mainly found in various berries, is hypothesized to be a promising approach to lower the risk of developing cognitive decline. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of dietary intervention trials describing effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance in humans, while also addressing potential underlying mechanisms. A total of 1197 articles were identified through a systematic search, and 49 studies reporting effects on cognitive performance (n = 18), vascular function (n = 22), or cardiometabolic risk markers (n = 32) were included. Significant improvements were observed on memory, while some of the studies also reported effects on attention and psychomotor speed or executive function. Vascular function markers such as brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation were also affected and consistent evidence was provided for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on endothelial function. Finally, studies reported improvements in blood pressure, but effects on metabolic risk markers (e.g. carbohydrate and lipid metabolism) were less consistent. In conclusion, this review provides evidence for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance as memory improved. Whether observed anthocyanin-induced improvements in vascular function and blood pressure underlie beneficial effects on cognitive performance warrants further study.