基于可见光-近红外新光谱特征和最优组合原理的大麦叶片氮含量监测

提出新的作物冠层叶片氮含量(LNC)高光谱遥感监测方法,以对氮素要求较高的大麦LNC监测为例,利用田间实测数据,从可见光－近红外区域的高光谱反射曲线中提取包含丰富多波段信息的斜率、夹角等新型特征参数,应用组合预测领域中的权重最优组合原理及其算法,实现对作物LNC的高光谱监测.研究表明,提出的高光谱反射曲线斜率和夹角等新型特征参数与作物LNC显著相关,并具有较好的定量响应关系,其中关键斜率参数(Kre/Kpb)和Kpb以及夹角参数(Aδ/Aα)和(Aδ/Aθ)较好地描述了LNC的动态变化; 而权重最优组合分析则表明(Kre/Kpb)和Knir1两个参数的组合最能响应LNC的光谱信息,有助于增强监测的稳定性并提高估测的精度.     

无人工样本的SVM遥感图像分类方法

针对遥感图像监督分类方法需要人工提取训练样本的缺陷,提出一种模糊K均值聚类（FCM）提取训练样本、支持向量机（SVM）进行分类的方法。算法首先用FCM进行初步分类得到隶属度矩阵并判断每个样本的类别号;然后根据隶属度矩阵提取每类样本中密集程度较高的样本作为训练样本;最后用SVM对样本进行训练、再次分类。该方法克服了SVM算法需要人工样本的缺点,改善了传统非监督分类算法的性能,UCI标准数据库Iris数据和遥感数据样本的实验结果证明了该方法的可行性。     

Effective autocorrelation-based spectrum sensing technique for cognitive radio network applications

Spectrum sensing based on detection techniques enables cognitive radio networks to detect vacant frequency bands. The spectrum sensing gives the opportunity to increase the radio spectrum channels re-utilization. However, the main challenge in spectrum sensing is the simplicity of the considered detection approach and the amount of prior information needed to make an accurate decision. This paper proposes a novel sensing technique based on the autocorrelation function. This novel approach is based on the speed of convergence to zero of all autocorrelation coefficients. This technique shows the highest probability of detection for the same probability of false alarm target at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared with many standard detection techniques. The proposed method has been implemented using GNU Radio software and SDR (software-defined radio) platforms. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method under real scenarios.     

基于非下采样Shearlet和FCM变化检测的入侵植物遥感监测

尝试利用变化检测技术从遥感卫星影像上提取入侵植物蔓延的变化区域,实现对入侵植物的遥感监测。以预处理后的福建罗源湾2000年和2006年的LandsatTM／ETM＋分布影像为数据源。首先采用ENVI软件对预处理过的入侵植物互花米草分布的遥感图像进行配准;然后对配准后的两时相遥感图像采用基于非下采样Shearlet变换和模糊C均值聚类（FCM）的算法进行变化检测,实现入侵植物蔓延区域的位置和边界的检测。实验结果表明：该算法可以自动识别入侵植物生长扩散的的面积和边界,能准确地对入侵植物进行遥感监测。     

CCLID摇扫式调制传递函数

针对CCLID用于摇扫式扫描,导出了其积分、转移调制传递函数MTF_I、MTF_T。对它们的取值情况进行了讨论并给出了工程估算结果。     

定量遥感综合服务平台软件测试用例设计

软件测试是软件开发过程中的一个重要组成部分,其中测试用例是软件测试的基础。本文探讨了在定量遥感综合服务平台测试过程中如何有效进行测试用例的设计,以保证测试工作的顺利进行。     

基于JPEG2000的遥感图像感兴趣区域编码新算法及其VLSI设计

为解决空间遥感图像数据量及信道带宽之间的矛盾,该文提出一种基于JPEG2000的感兴趣区域(Region Of Interest, ROI)编码算法。主流的JPEG2000 ROI编码算法难以兼顾ROI质量和系统计算量,且在低码率编码时有完全丢失背景的隐患。该算法通过精确控制各子带中背景系数的精度,使ROI分配到更多码流。并引入了人眼视觉特性,使较少的背景码流产生尽量好的视觉效果。另外,根据该算法提出了针对矩形ROI的超大规模集成电路(VLSI)设计,此设计经过简单调整,亦可适用于主流的ROI编码算法。测试结果表明,该算法在ROI质量和重建图像视觉效果上均表现优异,且支持任意形状ROI编码,兼容JPEG2000协议。该VLSI设计仅使JPEG2000系统运行时间增加一个周期,具有极高的吞吐率,可满足实时处理要求。     

The highly promotive sensing performance of a single cerium doped SnO2 nanobelt sensor to ethanol

Pure SnO₂ nanobelts and Ce-doped SnO₂ nanobelts were successfully synthesized and their morphology, microstructure, and elemental composition have been characterized by a series of techniques. The results reveal that Ce ions have incorporated into the lattice of SnO₂. The corresponding devices based on single nanobelt are fabricated and their sensitive properties are investigated systemically. The Ce-SnO₂ sensor possesses a great response (8.2) to 100 ppm of ethanol at optimum temperature (230 °C). At the same time, its calculated theoretical detection limit is 78 ppb. The response and recovery time is quite short and air humidity has little effect on the performance of the sensor. In addition, the gas sensing mechanism of Ce-doped SnO₂ is discussed.     

Prediction‐based MAC‐layer sensing in cognitive radio networks

We consider a cognitive radio network which coexists with multiple primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) transmit over time‐varying channels. In this scenario, one problem of the existing work is the poor performances of throughput and fairness due to variances of SUs' channel conditions and PUs' traffic patterns. To solve this problem, we propose a novel prediction‐based MAC‐layer sensing algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, the SUs' channel quality information and the probability of the licensed channel being idle are predicted. Through the earlier predicted information, we schedule the SUs to sense and transmit on different licensed channels. Specifically, multiple significant factors, including network throughput and fairness, are jointly considered in the proposed algorithm. Then, we formulate the prediction‐based sensing scheduling problem as an optimization problem and solve it with the Hungarian algorithm in polynomial time. Simulation results show that the proposed prediction‐based sensing scheduling algorithm could achieve a good tradeoff between network throughput and fairness among SUs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

细长导体目标的雷达图像特征

本文讨论如高速公路护拦、铁路轨道等细长导体目标的雷达图像特征。从电磁波与地物目标相互作用的角度,说明了它们在雷达图像上显示为强信号或弱信号的原因。