Ti-Mg-Al复合氧化物催化材料的制备及其加氢脱硫性能

中国石油西南油气田公司天然气研究院(以下简称天研院)申请的"一种天然气井返排压裂液回收再利用系统"实用新型专利获得国家知识产权局授权,专利号为ZL201220050049.4。该实用新型专利是一种应用于气井低分子压裂返排液的回收再利用系统,包括返排液的回收与再利用工艺等方面。气井压裂施工后,大量含有各种     

伞形管道爬行器控制系统设计

分析了伞形管道爬行器的动作和电机的选取,对驱动电机和伞足电机均采用直流电机和脉宽调制调速,重点研究了伞形管道爬行器的前进、后退、停止,伞足的张开、闭合,转弯时电机的顺序动作控制电路等,对伞形管道爬行器的控制和应用有重要意义。     

复配石蜡/膨胀珍珠岩相变颗粒的热性能研究

通过固体石蜡与液体石蜡熔融混合复配制成低熔点相变石蜡,其中以固液比1:1制备的相变石蜡熔点为25.1℃,潜热为104.3kJ/kg.500次冷热相变循环后石蜡的热物性仅轻微衰减,热化学稳定性好.利用多孔膨胀珍珠岩吸附熔融石蜡可以制备石蜡,膨胀珍珠岩相变颗粒,其中石蜡:珍珠岩质量比为3.5:1.0的相变颗粒不团聚,石蜡含量最高为77.78%.通过SEM、FT-IR、DSC等表征手段测得:该相变颗粒熔点为25.6℃,潜热为80.3k/Ag,具有优良的热物性;相变颗粒仅仅是石蜡和膨胀珍珠岩的嵌合,可以加入到墙体材料中用于建筑节能.     

脱胶缺陷尺寸对复合材料加筋板屈曲及后屈曲特性的影响

为确定脱胶缺陷对复合材料加筋板屈曲及后屈曲特性的影响,对含不同脱胶缺陷工型筋条的复合材料加筋板进行了压缩试验研究。结果表明,30 mm和50 mm的缺陷对试验件承载能力影响很小,当缺陷尺寸增至80 mm时,试验件后屈曲承载能力明显下降。借助超声检测技术对缺陷的扩展行为进行了监测,结果表明,当压缩载荷达到破坏载荷的85.3%时,预制缺陷的对角位置处出现扩展迹象。通过影像云纹法获得两半波和三半波失稳模态的形成过程。对失稳模态的监测结果还表明,随缺陷长度增加,该型加筋板的失稳模态从三半波向两半波转换。在试验基础上,利用ABAQUS软件建立有限元（FE）模型,依次进行了屈曲及后屈曲过程的数值模拟。屈曲分析用于获得试验件的失稳载荷及模态,在后屈曲分析中将失稳波形以几何扰动的形式引入FE模型,最终计算结果与试验结果基本吻合,表明该模型可以用于复合材料加筋板屈曲及后屈曲性能的预测。     

楠竹加筋复合锚杆静力学性能试验研究

楠竹加筋复合锚杆是一种专门为土遗址加固而发明的新型锚杆,目前关于其力学性能研究尚不系统。本研究设计了单轴压缩试验、拉拔试验和三点弯曲试验,测试复合锚杆的静力学指标,分析锚杆的工作性能,为加固工程设计提供理论依据。压缩试验表明,径高比为1∶1和1∶2的复合锚杆试件的抗压强度分别是72.08MPa和43.48MPa,弹性模量分别是5.29GPa和5.25GPa。试件的压缩破坏形式是,带箍筋时发生散裂,不带箍筋时发生腰折破坏。拉拔试验表明,钢绞线受拉时复合锚杆内部界面上存在剪切应力峰,随着轴向荷载的逐渐增大,剪应力峰逐渐从邻近加载端向远离加载端的方向移动,平均最大剪切应力与锚杆长度呈指数关系。弯曲试验表明,复合锚杆试件弯曲过程中,内黏结剂与竹子界面剪切滑移变形大于钢绞线与内黏结剂界面的变形,过大的界面滑移和材料断裂是导致弯曲破坏的原因。研究认为,楠竹复合锚杆压缩强度较高,界面剪切强度较低,提高锚杆整体性能的措施包括增设端部锚定板、提高内黏结剂强度、提高钢绞线表面粗糙度等。建议锚杆吊装时宜多点捆绑,尽量保持直线状态,最大弯曲率不得超过2%。     

On the behavior of thin walled composite beams with stochastic properties under matrix cracking damage

Thin walled composite beam structures are prone to damage which results in change in the performance of these structures. The change in the performance due to damage may get confused with the variation in the performance due uncertainties in the properties of these structures. Here, the performances of the thin walled composite beam under matrix cracking damage having material uncertainties are studied. The cross-sectional stiffness properties are obtained using thin walled beam formulation, which is based on a mixed force and displacement method. The stochastic behaviors of material properties are obtained from previous experimental and analytical studies. The effects of matrix cracking are introduced through the changes in the extension, extension–bending and bending matrices of composites. The effects of matrix cracking on out-of-plane bending, inplane bending and torsion cross-sectional properties are studied at different crack densities for stochastic material properties. Further, the effects of matrix cracking and uncertainties on measurable properties such as deflections and frequencies are studied. Results show that the beam responses at different crack densities get mixed due to the material uncertainties. The estimates of variance obtained for observable system properties due to uncertainty can be used for developing more robust damage detection algorithms.     

腐蚀Al箔集流体对球状LiFePO4/C复合材料电性能的影响

以Fe （NO₃）₃9H₂O、H₃PO₄、HNO₃为原料,采用液相结晶法制备类球状FePO₄前驱体,后续运用高温固相还原法制备球状LiFePO₄/C复合材料。对腐蚀后的Al箔进行SEM、金相显微镜和测厚规表征分析。以腐蚀后的Al箔作为Li离子电池正极材料LiFePO₄/C复合材料的集流体时进行电性能测试,结果表明：腐蚀Al箔表面形成密集有序的三维微方孔,内部也形成了密集的隧道孔且Al箔厚度减少了14.29%。以腐蚀后Al箔作为集流体时,LiFePO₄/C复合材料的电性能得到改善,在0.1 C下首次放电容量为153 mAh·g^-1,电极反应电阻为51.12 Ω,且具有良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性能。     

基于减小筏板差异沉降的刚性桩复合地基试验研究

针对高层建筑筏板荷载分布特点,采用内密外疏布桩和仅在筏板中心布桩方式,通过现场缩尺(1:10)模型试验,完成了带上部结构无桩筏板和刚性桩复合地基筏板静载荷试验。分析了筏板沉降、桩端平面以下地基沉降和筏板外侧地面沉降、筏板下桩土反力分布、桩土荷载传递及桩土荷载分担比。研究了工作荷载下不同布桩方式降低筏板差异沉降的效果。     

Calcite Prisms from Mollusk Shells (Atrina Rigida): Swiss‐cheese‐like Organic–Inorganic Single‐crystal Composites

Biogenic single‐crystal composites, such as sea urchin spines and calcitic prisms from mollusk shells, contain organic macromolecules inside of inorganic single‐crystal matrices. The nanoscale internal structure of these materials, however, is poorly understood, especially how the biomacromolecules are distributed within the crystals without significantly disrupting the crystalline lattice. Here, annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography reveal, in three dimensions, how biomacromolecules are distributed within the calcitic prisms from Atrina rigida shells. Disk‐like nanopatches, whose scattering intensity is consistent with organic inclusions, are observed to be anisotropically arranged within a continuous, single‐crystalline calcite matrix. These nanopatches are preferentially aligned with the (000l) planes of calcite. Along the crystallographic c‐axis, there are alternating organic‐rich and ‐poor regions on a length scale of tens of nanometers, while, in the ab plane, the distribution of nanopatches is more random and uniform. The structural features elucidated in this work have relevance to understanding the structure–property relationships and formation mechanisms of biominerals, as well as to the development of bio‐inspired strategies to extrinsically tune the properties of single‐crystals.     

A Zipper‐Like On/Off‐Switchable Molecularly Imprinted Polymer

A zipper‐like on/off‐switchable molecularly imprinted polymer is reported. This unique imprinted polymer was composed of template‐imprinted polymeric networks that incorporate zipper‐like interactions between poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) and poly(2‐acrylamide‐2‐methyl propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS). This polymer showed marginal recognition ability towards the imprint species under low temperature conditions, due to the interpolymer interaction between PAAm and PAMPS, which inhibited access to the imprinted networks. In contrast, at relatively high temperatures (such as 40 °C), the polymer demonstrated significant molecular recognition ability towards the imprint species resulting from the dissociation of the interpolymer complexes of PAAm and PAMPS, which enabled access to the imprint networks. Unlike previously reported PNIPAm‐based imprinted polymers, which demonstrate alterable molecular recognition simply because of the thermosensitive hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of PNIPAm, this polymer employed a zipper‐like supramolecular architecture between PAAm and PAMPS, thereby enabling switchable molecular recognition.