一种新型传压介质制作工艺及其金刚石合成实验

传统的传压介质有两种,一种是普通叶腊石,一种是复合叶腊石,复合叶腊石块有多种配比及制作工艺,但无论哪种形式,均因S iO2与A l2O3匹配的不合理性、粘结剂使用的不当、粘结剂水份的带入及其高温收缩性而造成金刚石内部缺陷偏高、顶锤消耗偏高。通过多年实践,研发出了一种新型的多元素复合块制作工艺,可以大幅度提高金刚石的品质,降低顶锤消耗。     

气相色谱法测定皮革废水技术改进的研究

本文采用降低热导池检测器(TCD)内压强的方法，成功解决了气相毛细管柱与TCD联用的难题。设计了适合于毛细管柱联用的TCD。通过对制革废水的测定证明了该技术具有更快速、准确、高效的优点。     

任意导线在送电线路工程测量中的应用

根据导线理论,提出任意导线在送电线路工程困难区域内间接测量的理论和方法。     

Novel carbon fiber-carbon filament structures

In an attempt to address the problems associated with delamination and fiber pull-out in carbon-fiber reinforced composites, we have used a novel concept which involves the generation of vapor-grown carbon microfibers (carbon filaments) on the sides of parent carbon fibers (this step being accomplished by the use of a suitable catalyst). The mixed structures are produced by impregnation of the parent fiber with selected copper-nickel catalyst precursors, which are subsequently treated in an ethylene-hydrogen environment at 600°C. The function of the catalyst is to produce carbon filaments possessing well-defined structural characteristics that can form interlocking networks with adjacent carbon fiber-filament structures. In this paper we report on fundamental studies for the development of a process to produce these unique preforms.     

纤维导热性能的研究

本文采用稳态双平板法,对几种不同纤维材料的导热系数进行测定,研究它们在不同温度下导热系数规律,同时也讨论了不同的纤维与空气的体积对比导热系数的影响。结果表明：纤维导热系数随着温度的上升,纤维与窃据的体积比的增大也会导致纤维导热系数的增加。     

炭黑－环氧树脂导电复合材料的研究

本文研究了炭黑－环氧树脂复合材料的制备工艺及炭黑填充率对材料电阻率的影响。实验结果表明，加入表面活性剂，明显改善了炭黑在环氧树脂中分布的均匀性。炭黑－环氧树脂材料具有明显的渗流效应，正温度系数效应即ＰＴＣ效应，非线性伏安特性和电磁波屏蔽效应。     

Fabrication of Y2O3-doped BaZrO3 thin films by electrostatic spray deposition

Electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique was used to fabricate dense Y₂O₃-doped BaZrO₃ (BYZ) thin films, which have been extensively studied for the protonic ceramic fuel cell electrolyte. Effects of the ESD process parameters (i.e. substrate temperature, type of precursor, flow rate and applied voltage) on the microstructure of as-deposited films were studied. The uniform as-deposited films were obtained using a mixture of zirconium acetylacetonate, barium chloride dihydrate and yttrium chloride hexahydrate precursors in a solvent mixture of butyl carbitol and deionized water at a volume ratio of 50:50. The optimum deposition parameters were obtained at the substrate temperature of 250 °C with the applied voltage and flow rate in a range of 10-12 kV and 1.4-2.8 ml/h, respectively. The as-deposited films were subsequently annealed at 1350 °C for 10 h to ensure the complete chemical reactions of the precursors. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the perovskite structures of the annealed BYZ films (deposited on yttria stabilized zirconia substrates) with only traces of Y₂O₃ phase, which could arise from the loss of BaO at high annealing temperatures.     

Preparation of Al-doped ZnO transparent electrodes suitable for thin-film solar cell applications by various types of magnetron sputtering depositions

In order to determine the influence of different types of magnetron sputtering (MS) depositions on the characteristics of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films appropriate for applications as transparent electrodes in thin-film solar cells, transparent conducting AZO thin films were prepared on glass substrates at 200 °C by direct current (dc) magnetron sputtering (dc-MS), radio frequency (rf)-MS and rf power superimposed dc-MS (rf + dc-MS) depositions using an MS apparatus with the same AZO target. AZO thin films prepared by an rf + dc-MS deposition exhibited both a higher deposition rate than that found with rf-MS depositions and a lower resistivity or higher Hall mobility than those found with dc-MS. The lower dc sputter voltage featured in rf-MS and rf ± dc-MS depositions, producing smoother surface morphology and better crystallinity than obtained with dc-MS depositions. The light scattering characteristics of surface-textured AZO thin films prepared by various types of MS depositions were evaluated by observing the surface texture and measuring the optical transmittance and the diffusive component; wet-chemical etching of the thin film surface was performed in a 0.1% HCl solution. The obtainable haze property in the range from visible to near infrared in AZO films prepared by an rf + dc-MS deposition was markedly better than that obtained with dc-MS depositions.     

薄膜厚度对TGZO透明导电薄膜光电性能的影响

利用直流磁控溅射法,在室温水冷玻璃衬底上成功制备出了可见光透过率高、电阻率低的钛镓共掺杂氧化锌(TG-ZO)透明导电薄膜。X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜研究结果表明,TGZO薄膜为六角纤锌矿结构的多晶薄膜,且具有c轴择优取向。研究了厚度对TGZO透明导电薄膜电学和光学性能的影响,结果表明厚度对薄膜的光电性能有重要影响。当薄膜厚度为628 nm时,薄膜具有最小电阻率2.01×10-4Ω.cm。所制备薄膜在波长为400~760 nm的可见光中平均透过率都超过了91%,TGZO薄膜可以用作薄膜太阳能电池和液晶显示器的透明电极。     

All‐polymer electromechanical systems consisting of electrostrictive poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) and conductive polyaniline

The low elastic modulus and the ability to withstand high strain without failure make the conducting polymer attractive for a wide range of acoustic applications based on high‐strain electroactive polymers. In this article, we examine the electric and electromechanical performance of all‐polymer electromechanical systems, fabricated by painting conductive polyaniline (PANI) doped with camphor sulfonic acid (HCSA) on both sides of electrostrictive Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) copolymer films, and compare them with those from the same copolymers with gold electrodes. The all‐polymer composite films are flexible, with strong coherent interfaces between the electrostrictive polymer layer and the conductive polymer layer. The electric performance such as dielectric properties and polarization hysteresis loops from P(VDF‐TrFE)/PANI film is nearly identical to those of P(VDF‐TrFE)/gold films in a wide temperature (from −50 to 120°C), and frequency range (from 1 Hz to 1 MHz). The all‐polymer systems also show a similar or even larger electric field induced strain response than that of films with electrodes under identical measurement conditions. The results demonstrate that the polyaniline/HCSA is good candidate material as the electrodes for electroactive polymers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 945–951, 2000