Formation of Polymeric Lewis Acid–Lewis Base Complexes with Well-defined Organoboron Polymers

The binding of Lewis bases to organoboron polymeric Lewis acids has been studied and the parameters that determine the complexation equilibrium have been investigated, which include (i) the strength of the individual Lewis acids and Lewis bases, (ii) concentration, and (iii) temperature. While the strongly Lewis acidic borane polymers poly(4-bis(pentafluorophenyl)borylstyrene) (PS-BPf) and poly(4-(di-2-thienylboryl)styrene) (PS-BTh) form isolable complexes with strong Lewis bases such as 4-t-butylpyridine (^tPy), a temperature dependent equilibrium is established with weaker bases such as THF. Similarly, the weakly Lewis acidic boronate polymer poly(4-diethoxyborylstyrene) (PS-BOEt) undergoes a temperature dependent equilibrium with the strong Lewis base 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), while poly(4-pinacolatoborylstyrene) (PS-BPin) does not significantly bind to pyridine bases. Decomplexation of PS-BTh· ^t Py is achieved by treatment with the stronger Lewis acid, B(C₆F₅)₃, thereby confirming the reversible nature of the polymeric Lewis acid–base adducts. This paper is dedicated to Professor Ian Manners in gratitude of his guidance throughout the years and recognition of his scientific accomplishments     

Monodisperse polymer/metal composite particles by electroless chemical deposition: Effect of surface functionality of polymer particles

Micron‐sized polymer particles were coated with layers of nickel compounds by plating electrolessly in the presence of aqueous solutions of nickel chloride, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate, and ammonium chloride at elevated temperature. The uniform functional polymer particle could be obtained by seeded polymerization. To investigate the effect of surface functionality on the conditions for nickel deposition, the polymer particle was functionalized with the thiol group. From morphological observation, it was found that the mode of nickel deposition was greatly dependent on the surface functionality of the polymer particle. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 420–424, 2003     

2003年上半年我国染料、有机颜料生产及进出口情况浅析（一）

20 0 2年我国染料及有机颜料生产和进出口数量达到历史最好水平 ,2 0 0 3年上半年虽然经受了SARS的影响 ,但我国染料及有机颜料工业仍然取得了稳定增长的成绩。上半年染料产量总计 19 5 9万t,同比增长 2 4 7%;颜料产量为 4 30万t,同比增长 2 1 6 9%。上半年出口增长幅度减缓 ,染料出口总量为 9 92万t,同比增长 3 1%;有机颜料出口为 4 2万t,同比增长 3 1%。进口基本稳定 ,上半年染料进口量为 3 2 5万t,同比增长 9 1%;有机颜料进口为1 6 9万t,同比增长为 11 5 %。总之 ,上半年主要经济指标完成情况良好 ,进出口数量和经济效益继续保持稳定增长。但染料和纺织品的生产与出口都遇到一定的困难 ,纺织品出口又直接影响染料的内销市场 ,由于内外市场的变化 ,使染料生产和进出口的增长幅度减缓。     

Polymer/surfactant interaction—Its relevance to detergent systems

The field of polymer/surfactant interaction is reviewed in this work. Results from two investigative methods,viz., dialysis and surface tension, are discussed, illustrating the main behavioral patterns and outlining the principles of the interactions. Next, aspects of the interaction phenomena that appear to have relevance to detergent formulation are presented. These include solution rheology, solubility control and surface conditioning. Lastly, the importance of surface activity of the polymer itself is stressed, culminating in a discussion of the properties of hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers (“polymeric surfactants”), both alone and in the presence of conventional surfactants. Based on the Samuel Rosen Memorial Award lecture, given at the AOCS Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 1993.     

非金属电镀用导电漆的研制

介绍了导电漆、作为导电填料的片状镀银铜粉的制备工艺流程。分别研究了漆膜表面单位电阻与镀银铜粉的含量及其粒径以及钛酸酯偶联剂的含量之间的关系。结果表明,当镀银铜粉的粒径为400目、质量分数在57%~65%之间,钛酸酯偶联剂的质量分数为10%时,所得涂膜的导电性能最佳。加入含C-18的油酸可以使导电漆长期贮存而电阻值不变。经检测,所得涂膜具有良好的性能:附着力1级,硬度1 H,柔韧性1 mm,冲击强度50 kg/cm2,膜厚10~15μm,漆膜表面每厘米电阻0.15Ω,每分米电阻0.47Ω。指出了导电漆应用过程中的注意事项。     

Thermal and crystallization characteristics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with poly(oxybenzoate‐p‐trimethylene terephthalate) copolymer

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was blended with two different poly(oxybenzoate‐p‐trimethylene terephthalate) copolymers, designated T28 and T64, with the level of copolymer varying from 1 to 15 wt %. All samples were prepared by solution blending in a 60/40 (by weight) phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent at 50°C. The crystallization behavior of the samples was studied by DSC. The results indicate that both T28 and T64 accelerated the crystallization rate of PET in a manner similar to that of a nucleating agent. The acceleration of PET crystallization rate was most pronounced in the PET/T64 blends with a maximum level at 5 wt % of T64. The melting temperatures for the blends are comparable to that of pure PET. The observed changes in crystallization behavior are explained by the effect of the physical state of the copolyester during PET crystallization as well as the amount of copolymer in the blends. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1599–1606, 2002     

信息技术在数学教学中的应用研究

以多媒体计算机和网络为核心的信息技术在小学数学教学中的运用,使数学教学活动更加丰富多彩,激发学生的学习兴趣,增强学生的主体意识,培养学生的技能,拓展学生探究的时间和空间,引发学生主动、积极、创新的思维,开发学生的智力,促进学生主动学习,主动发展,从而有效地提高课堂教学效率.     

Light-sensitive elastomers modified by 4-(N-dimethylmaleimido)-benzenesulphenyl chloride

New light-sensitive polymers were prepared by modification of four different elastomers with 4-(N-dimethylmaleimido)-benzenesulphenyl chloride (DMI-BSCI). Polydienes modified by DMI-BSCI form block copolymers. These polymers show a strong increase of the glass transition temperature T_g whereby the T_g increase of modified poly(octenamer) is much smaller. Higher modified polydienes have two T_g. Modified poly(octenamers) show a melting temperature dependence T_m on the content of trans double bonds which is characteristic of statistical copolymers. The ratio of rate constants with which trans- and cis-structures in poly(octenamer) are occupied by DMI-BSCI, is

$\text{k}{}_{\mathrm{trans}}\text{k}{}_{\mathrm{cis}}\text{= 0.34}$

     

Polymeric dispersions of model azobenzene dyes

New host-guest systems were prepared by using poly(vinyl acetate) and different ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers as polymeric hosts because of their good compatibility with polar molecules. Two symmetric azobenzene diesters, that is 4,4′-dicarboxyethylazobenzene and 4,4′-di(2-ethylhexyloxycarbonyl)azobenzene were selected as guests. Both solution casting and melt processing were adopted for the preparation of dispersion films that were thoroughly characterized by thermal analysis, UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopy, and by polarized optical microscopy. The reported results indicate that solution casting afforded heterogeneous dispersions of dye microcrystals at guest concentrations larger than 0.3% whereas homogeneous colored films were obtained at lower dye contents. On the other hand, both melt processing and the presence of branched diester groups favored the dye dispersion within the polymer matrix. At 0.1% dye content, the adopted preparation technique did not appreciably affect the film properties. After 4-8 fold stretching, the host-guest films were analyzed by polarized light spectroscopy. Some of the investigated films displayed interesting polarization efficiency, potentially suited for the preparation of thin film polarizers.     

Shape‐memory polyurethane/multiwalled carbon nanotube fibers

Shape‐memory polyurethane/multiwalled carbon nanotube (SMP–MWNT) composites with various multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) contents were synthesized, and the corresponding SMP–MWNT fibers were prepared by melt spinning. The influence of the MWNT content on the spinnability, fracture morphology, thermal and mechanical properties, and shape‐memory behavior of the shape‐memory polymer was studied. The spinning ability of SMP–MWNTs decreased significantly with increasing MWNT content. When the MWNT content reached 8.0 wt %, the fibers could not be produced because of the poor rheological properties of the composites. The melt‐blending, extrusion, and melt‐spinning processes for the shape‐memory fiber (SMF), particularly at low MWNT contents, caused the nanotubes to distribute homogeneously and preferentially align along the drawing direction of the SMF. The crystallization in the SMF was promoted at low MWNT contents because it acted as a nucleation agent. At high MWNT contents, however, the crystallization was hindered because the movement of the polyurethane chains was restricted. The homogeneously distributed and aligned MWNTs preserved the SMF with high tenacity and initial modulus. The recovery ratio and recovery force were also improved because the MWNTs helped to store the internal elastic energy during stretching and fixing. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007