制氢装置水分器三通开裂原因分析

分析了某炼油厂制氢装置水分器三通的腐蚀开裂原因,认为在高温工况时,失效构件的高温蒸汽腐蚀诱发的应力腐蚀占主导地位,它破坏了不锈钢表面氧化膜的保护性并产生腐蚀微裂纹,冲刷和气蚀及二氧化碳腐蚀起加剧作用;在低温工况时,氢致开裂占主导地位,进一步使裂纹扩展直至开裂;各种腐蚀形式交互影响,加剧了水分器三通的腐蚀开裂失效。通过工艺流程动改,取消了三通部件,彻底消除了该部位存在的腐蚀开裂隐患。     

PVA生产装置中铜塔的腐蚀与防护

简述了国内聚乙烯醇装置中铜塔的腐蚀状况,并分析判断了铜塔的腐蚀原因,提出了铜塔的防护措施和选材意见.     

Synthesis and Tribological Behaviour of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Schiff Base Derivatives as Multifunctional Lubricant Additives

Six new 1,3,4-thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and ~1H NMR spectrometry, and their anti-corrosion properties and thermal stability were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and copper strip corrosion test. The tribological behavior of the said Schiff base derivatives was evaluated on an Optimol SRV~?4 oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the steel discs were investigated using a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS). The test results indicated that these thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives possessed favourable thermal stability, corrosion inhibiting ability and the capability of improving the tribological characteristic of the base oil effectively. It is assumed that the adsorbed additives probably reacted with the steel surfaces during the friction process, resulting in the formation of a protective film composed of sulphates, sulphides and organic nitrogen compounds.     

耐硫酸露点腐蚀的导热搪瓷技术

文章主要介绍了导热搪瓷这种新技术的特点,炼油厂及电厂的加热炉和空气预热器的硫酸露点腐蚀状况,以及导热搪瓷在电厂和炼油厂使用情况。河北郁宏搪瓷有限公司采用静电(干法)搪瓷技术生产的回转式和管箱式导热搪瓷空气预热器已在许多电厂和化工企业得到应用,使用寿命一般超过8年。中国石油天然气股份有限公司锦州分公司将三组搪瓷空气预热器于2004年10月应用于催化裂化重整装置,使加热炉的排烟温度从投用前的282℃降至投用后的136℃,同时使加热炉每月的燃气消耗减少60t。     

应用长岩心流动试验仪评价酸化缓蚀剂

利用长岩心流动试验仪,研究酸化缓蚀剂对岩心损害程度及深度的评价,以便为筛选酸化缓蚀剂提供更全面的参数依据．文中对仪器试验原理进行介绍,选取了典型试验进行分析,提出了选择缓蚀剂必备条件．     

腐蚀的电化学研究现状

基于电化学原理发展起来的电化学测试技术,如极化曲线分析法,交流阻抗分析法,电化学噪声分析法和Kelvin探针技术等,是研究腐蚀的重要手段,近些年有了很大的进展。掌握这些技术的原理及应用领域的进步,将有助于对腐蚀与防护技术的深入研究和开发。     

近海大气环境下锈蚀平面钢框架抗震性能试验研究及有限元分析

焊接空心球节点(WHSJs)自1966年被提出以来,已经广泛地应用于空间网格结构中,至今已有55年的应用历史。由于环境的侵蚀、后期维护不到位等,焊接球节点锈蚀的现象屡见不鲜。该文针对随机锈蚀后焊接空心球节点的抗压承载力的变化规律进行了研究,基于随机有限元分析方法进行了大量的随机数值分析,研究了锈蚀深度概率分布模型对抗压承载力折减系数的影响;利用曲线拟合技术提出了折减系数下限和上限曲线的理论计算公式;通过随机有限元的大量分析结果揭示了抗压折减系数随锈蚀深度概率分布模型的变化规律;提出了用于预测抗压折减系数概率分布模型的拟合公式;通过对具有不同几何参数的焊接空心球节点的分析,得到了该文结论对不同几何尺寸下焊接球节点的适用性。研究结果表明,所提出的方法可以准确确定随机锈蚀焊接空心球节点抗压承载力折减系数的随机概率分布模型,可为随机锈蚀焊接球节点承载力的评估提供理论分析基础。     

Effect of Cyclic Loading on Cracking Behaviour of X-70 Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Solutions

The cracking behaviour of X-70 pipeline steel in near-neutral pH solutions was studied under different modes of cyclic loading. The crack propagation process of X-70 pipeline steel under low frequency cyclic loading condition was controlled mainly by stress corrosion cracking (SCC) mechanism. Under mixed-mode cyclic loading, both higher tensile stress and shear stress made cracks easier to propagate. Applied cathodic potentials and high content of carbon dioxide in solutions also promoted the propagation of cracks. The propagation directions of cracks were different under different cyclic loading conditions. Under mode I (pure tensile stress) cyclic loading condition, cracks were straight and perpendicular to the tensile stress axis, while under mixed-mode I/Ill (tensile/shear stress) cyclic loading, cracks were sinuous and did not propagate in the direction perpendicular to the main tensile stress axis. Under the mixed-mode cyclic loading, cracks were much easier to propagate, suggesting that shear stress intensified the role of tensile stress. In addition, shear stress promoted the interaction between cracks, resulting in easier coalescence of cracks.     

CO2腐蚀数据库的设计和实现

在Microsoft Win XP中文版操作系统支持下，应用Visual FoxPro6.0中文版数据库管理系统设计和实现了一个全中文的综合性腐蚀数据库.库内包括影响CO2腐蚀的各种影响因素的腐蚀数据.数据库功能包括数据编辑、检索浏览、库维护以及打印等功能.使用Visual FoxPro6.0自带的编程语言编制数据库管理系统和用户界面，软件支持环境简单，使用操作简便.      

应用热波成像技术检测飞机结构隐蔽腐蚀的实验研究

利用热波成像技术,对加速腐蚀试样和实际飞机结构腐蚀件进行了隐蔽腐蚀检测的实验研究。结果表明:这一技术可以很好地检测出隐蔽腐蚀,不受腐蚀产物残留与否以及表面漆层的影响,对于剥层腐蚀特别有效;该方法获得的腐蚀坑的图像细节丰富、直观易懂;同时,该技术能够检测胶结缝内部的缺胶和脱胶。