A new numerical analysis for a semi-circular surface crack

This note is concerned with a surface semi-circular crack by using the fracture analysis software FRANC3D developed by a fracture mechanics investigation group of Cornell University. Attention is specifically paid to the effect of the boundaries parallel to the crack on the stress intensity factors (SIFs).     

电解剥离过程中热镀锌合金化镀层的阳极溶解机制

分析了电解剥离过程中热镀锌合金化镀层的阳极溶解机制。结果表明,在GA镀层电解剥离的初始阶段,主要发生Zn的氧化,电解剥离过程中存在Zn和Fe之间的电耦合反应。由于镀层中微裂纹的存在,阴极反应区和镀层裂纹缝隙中会同时发生析氢反应,从而导致电偶腐蚀发生并形成诱导电流。当电解质溶液中存在氯离子时,Zn和Fe之间也会发生电耦合反应,该反应可以在一个非常小的局部区域内进行,反应过程中,氢的形核析出既可以是氢离子的重组,也可以是少量Zn和Fe的溶解反应。GA镀层中Fe-Zn金属间化合物同时发生电化学反应而溶解的现象只能在缝隙中发生,由于细小缝隙表面形成的活化区非常小,因此,GA镀层中的Fe-Zn相将分别发生溶解,从而保证了GA镀层中不同相之间的电压跃迁。     

Q345R钢板分层缺陷原因分析

对Q345R钢板分层缺陷原因进行了研究。结果表明：分层缺陷钢板的夹杂物超标,且在钢板厚度方向存在明显的偏析线。分层处有明显的点列状孔洞分布,这是引起裂纹扩展的主要原因。钢板的基体组织为珠光体+铁素体,分层处组织为马氏体+少量贝氏体+少量铁素体。裂纹起源处的夹杂物为MnS和Al2O3且以MnS为主,沿着带状组织和夹层分布。分层处的断口形貌为解理断裂,呈片层状或羽毛状,断口有明显的分层现象。分层处的贝氏体、马氏体组织使材料脆性增加,在与MnS夹杂物的共同作用下,形成应力集中而产生裂纹。     

Simulations and experimental investigation on motion stability of a flexible rotor-bearing system with a transverse crack

In the classical process for stability studies on the rotor-bearing system with crack faults, the simple discrete model is adopted for research on such problems, which neglect some needful dynamical influence factor, such as the material damping, shearing effect and gyroscopic effects, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to find a precise calculation model for simulation of the rotor-bearing system with cracks faults. In this paper, instead of the traditional simple discrete model, finite element （FE） model is adopted to investigate the motion stability of a nonlinear rotor system with crack fault. According to finite element theory, the FE model of the cracked rotor system is established firstly. It should be pointed out that the element where the crack occurs is modeled by a particular crack element and the supports at both ends are simulated by two nonlinear loads. Then, based on dimensionless and dimensionality reduction, the Newmark-[3 method and the shooting method are employed to study the effect of eccentricity and the depth of crack on instability speed and bifurcation feature. Furthermore, the simulation results are verified by some corresponding experiments. The simulation and experimental results show that instability speed does not change monotonically, but decreases firstly and then increases when the amount of eccentricity increases. Moreover, as the type of instability changes, the instability speed jumps concomitantly. Additionally, the presence of crack fault can disturb the oil whirl, as a result, instability speed tends to increase slightly, but it does not affect the type of instability and jumping phenomenon. This research presents an effective and convenient method which uses the finite element method （FEM） to research the motion stability of the nonlinear rotor-bearing system with cracked faults and other nonlinear force, and the proposed method can provide a theoretical reference for stability analysis and vibration control in more complex relevant rotor-bearing system.     

材料应用技术和新材料在机械工业中的应用

介绍材料分会开展学术活动的指导思想，即从材料应用技术及新材料应用两大方面开展学术活动。着介绍失效分析和强度与断裂的学术进展，以及模具材料与新型材料在机械工业中的应用。     

基于谐响应的弹性悬臂梁裂纹识别分析

针对弹性悬臂梁的裂纹识别问题,探讨了谐响应分析在含裂纹梁损伤识别中的应用。首先结合连续介质弹性梁动力学方程和有限元方法,建立了含裂纹梁的受迫振动方程。然后,基于Abaqus平台建立了若干种含V型表面裂纹的悬臂梁有限元模型,在此基础上通过施加外部激励进行谐响应理论分析。最后,探讨了裂纹几何参数和加载位置对谐振频率及谐响应幅值的影响。结果表明,裂纹深度、裂纹位置、裂纹数量以及加载位置对谐响应变化规律有明显影响,为悬臂梁的裂纹识别提供了思路。     

16MnR钢高压除氧器焊接接头裂纹的成因

本文采用电镜，Ｘ射线衍射分析、裂纹扩展速率ｄａ／ｄＮ及门槛值△Ｋｔｈ试验，研究了火力发电厂１６ＭｎＲ钢高压除氧器焊接接头裂纹的形成原因，结果表明，原发裂纹为延迟裂纹，运行工况下，裂纹以应力腐蚀裂纹方式扩展。     

模拟脆性材料动态裂纹扩展的非连续变形分析方法

非连续变形分析方法(DDA)属于隐式离散元法,通过引入虚拟节理可以模拟材料从连续到破坏全过程.尝试将DDA方法应用于脆性材料动态裂纹扩展问题.采用基于Voronoi多边形离散的DDA方法进行模拟.由于Voronoi多边形会存在较多短边,采用原始DDA程序计算时短边会优先发生破坏.针对该问题通过引入均布弹簧算法,在一定程...     

CCTV主楼地下室超长墙体混凝土裂缝控制

重点介绍CCTV主楼地下室墙体施工中,针对混凝土墙体超长超厚容易出现裂缝的特点,从原材料选择、配合比设计和现场施工等方面采取一系列控制措施,保证了墙体的施工质量。     

基于临界裂纹尖端位移的沥青胶结料抗疲劳性能评价

以G~*·sin δ为代表指标的沥青胶结料疲劳性能评价方法高度依赖动态剪切流变仪,针对该方法所需设备在中国普及率较低且对SBS改性沥青的适用性较差等问题,采用测力延度仪进行双边缺口拉伸试验,提出了以临界裂纹尖端位移(CTOD)作为沥青胶结料常温条件下(0～30℃)抗疲劳性能的评价指标.用CTOD和G~*·sin δ这2个指标对7个沥青胶结料的抗疲劳性能进行排序,并采用四点弯曲疲劳试验从混合料层面对沥青胶结料的抗疲劳性能的排序结果进行验证,最后用显著性检验方法比较了温度对CTOD区分度的影响.结果表明:CTOD与G~*·sin δ对SBS改性沥青的疲劳性能评价存在分歧,四点弯曲疲劳试验得到的混合料疲劳性能与CTOD所表征的沥青胶结料结果更具相关性;显著性检验发现,与15℃相比,25℃的CTOD指标对选用沥青胶结料的区分度更好.CTOD所需试验设备在中国应用较广,有望成为沥青胶结料抗疲劳性能的有效鉴定方法之一.