Crack initiation in relation to the tool edge radius and cutting conditions in nanoscale cutting of silicon

In cutting of brittle materials, experimentally it was observed that there is a ductile–brittle transition when the undeformed chip thickness is increased from smaller to larger than the tool cutting edge radius of the zero rake angle. However, how the crack is initiated in the ductile–brittle mode transition as the undeformed chip thickness is increased from smaller to larger than the tool cutting edge radius has not been fully understood. In this study, the crack initiation in the ductile–brittle mode transition as the undeformed chip thickness is increased from smaller to larger than the tool cutting edge radius has been simulated using the Molecular Dynamics (MD) method on nanoscale cutting of monocrystalline silicon with a non-zero edge radius tool, from which, for the first time, a peak deformation zone in the chip formation zone has been found in the transition from ductile mode to brittle mode cutting. The results show that as the undeformed chip thickness is larger than the cutting edge radius, in the chip formation zone there is a peak deformation depth in association with the connecting point of tool edge arc and the rake face, and there is a crack initiation zone in the undeformed workpiece next to the peak deformation zone, in which the material is tensile stressed and the tensile stress is perpendicular to the direction from the connecting point to the peak. As the undeformed chip thickness is smaller than the cutting edge radius, there is no deformation peak in the chip formation zone, and thus there is no crack initiation zone formed in the undeformed workpiece. This finding explains well the ductile–brittle transition as the undeformed chip thickness increases from smaller to larger than the tool cutting edge radius.     

Chip geometries during high-speed machining for orthogonal cutting conditions

The originality of this work consists in taking photographs of chips during the cutting process for a large range of speeds. Contrary to methods usually used such as the quick stop in which root chips are analyzed after an abrupt interruption of the cutting, the proposed process photographs the chip geometry during its elaboration. An original device reproducing perfectly orthogonal cutting conditions is used because it allows a good accessibility to the zone of machining and reduces considerably the vibrations found in conventional machining tests. A large range of cutting velocities is investigated (from 17 to 60 m/s) for a middle hard steel (French Standards XC18). The experimental measures of the root chip geometry, more specifically the tool-chip contact length and the shear angle, are obtained from an analysis of the pictures obtained with a numerical high-speed camera. These geometrical characteristics of chips are studied for various cutting speeds, at the three rake angles −5, 0, +5° and for different depths of cut reaching 0.65 mm.     

基于PLC的剪板机控制系统设计

在分析剪板机结构、原理的基础上，设计了控制系统的硬件电路和软件程序。通过引入计算机作上位机，对生产现场的设备状态实施监控和对现场参数进行调整，使设备处于最佳工作状态。     

推杆自动切断浇口机构在热固性塑料注射模中的应用

介绍了推杆自动切断浇口机构在热固性塑料注射模中的具体结构、模具工作过程。通过该机构在热固性塑料注射模中的应用,显著提高了生产效率、降低了工人的劳动强度、实现了产品的自动化生产,取得了较好的经济效益。     

刀具磨损声谱特征的分析

刀具在切削过程中，会产生大量的声信号。文中运用统计方法对切削声信号进行了深入分析，并对可听阈内的声信号按低频带、中频带和高频带分别进行了功率谱分析。研究结果表明，切削声信号中100—8kHz频带内的特征频率分量反映了刀具磨损状态及其变化规律，这为利用声信号进行刀具实时在线监测奠定了基础。     

桩基倾斜度对低应变反射波法割桩损伤的影响

低应变反射波法用于已建高桩码头的桩身结构完整性检测时,需要割桩设置传感器和激振两个平台,因而对桩身产生一定损伤。运用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS对比了不同倾斜度桩基在完好状态和检测状态下桩身应力的变化,分析了有割桩损伤侧桩身应力集中程度。结果表明:割桩损伤会导致割桩处出现应力集中,其影响范围主要在割桩处1.0 m之内,桩身受力最不利截面从桩基与横梁联接处移至割桩平台处。割桩处的应力集中程度与桩基的倾斜度相关:正斜桩应力集中程度最高,直桩次之,反斜桩应力集中程度最低。因此,对于以船舶撞击力为控制荷载的高桩码头,在低应变检测桩数目的前提下可增大抽检桩中反斜桩的比例。低应变检测桩基后应对割桩处1.0 m范围内进行修补,以确保桩基水平承载性能。     

钢制焊接管件制作放样下料新方法浅析

本文介绍了一种综合利用Auto CAD、Excel软件及数控切割技术对管件进行放样下料的新方法,可有效改进钢制管件传统的放样下料工艺之不足,提高管件下料及组对成品的精度,从而提高管件制造的质量和效率,具有较高的实用价值。     

掘进机恒功率自适应调速与记忆截割系统研究

由于掘进机在进给过程中截割头工作面负载变化存在随机性且幅度很大,设计并开发一套以可编程序控制器为数据采集和控制核心,上位机采用组态软件构建远程监控系统的掘进机自适应控制系统,采用多信息融合技术综合分析负载的变化,实现恒功率自适应调速,同时采用记忆截割与自适应调节相结合的控制方法,在记忆截割的基础上根据反馈信号进行局部调节,更新记忆曲线,保证掘进机的恒功率进给,延长掘进机截割头的使用寿命.     

软启动器在煤矿大采高工作面中的应用研究

介绍了神华乌海能源有限责任公司大采高工作面的供电方案及设备配套,研究了软启动器在刮板输送机中应用的可行性,重点分析了使用软启动器之后采区负载启动时对移动变电站的电气冲击情况。使用Matlab/Simulink软件建立采区供电系统模型,对软启动器的启动性能进行仿真分析,在轻载时使用限流启动方式,在重载时使用变频启动方式,结果表明软启动器能有效降低设备启动时的电气冲击。