Proactive resource allocation for asynchronous real-time distributed systems in the presence of processor failures

We present two proactive resource allocation algorithms, RBA^*-FT and OBA-FT, for fault-tolerant asynchronous real-time distributed systems. The algorithms consider an application model where task timeliness is specified by Jensen's benefit functions and the anticipated application workload during future time intervals is described by adaptation functions. In addition, we assume that reliability functions of processors are available a priori. Given these models, our objective is to maximize aggregate task benefit and minimize aggregate missed deadline ratio in the presence of processor failures. Since determining the optimal solution is computationally intractable, the algorithms heuristically compute sub-optimal resource allocations, but in polynomial time. Experimental results reveal that RBA^*-FT and OBA-FT outperform their non-fault-tolerant counterparts in the presence of processor failures. Furthermore, RBA^*-FT performs better than OBA-FT, although OBA-FT incurs better worst-case and amortized computational costs. Finally, we observe that both algorithms robustly withstand errors in the estimation of anticipated failures.     

光通信用垂直腔面发射激光器的进展

垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)以其优异的性能有望成为信息时代的新光源.文章介绍了用于光通信的VCSEL的开发现状.     

Quality-of-Service Based Protection in MPLS Control WDM Mesh Networks

Intelligent methods for automatic protection and restoration are critical in optical transport mesh networks. This paper discusses the problem of quality-of-service (QoS)-based protection in terms of the protection-switching time and availability for end-to-end lightpaths in a WDM mesh network. We analyze the backup lightpath-sharing problem in such networks and study the correlation of the working lightpaths and the impact of the correlation on the sharing of the backup lightpaths. We present a multi-protocol-label-switching (MPLS) control-based fully distributed algorithm to solve the protection problem. The proposed algorithm includes intelligent and automatic procedures to set up, take down, activate, restore, and manage backup lightpaths. It greatly reduces the required resources for protection by allowing the sharing of network resources by multiple backup lightpaths. At the same time, it guarantees, if possible, to satisfy the availability requirement even with resource sharing by taking the correlation of working lightpaths into consideration. A simple analysis of the proposed algorithm in terms of computation time and message complexity indicates that the implementation of the algorithm is practical. The illustrative studies that compare the performance of 1:1, unlimited sharing, and QoS-based backup sharing algorithms indicate that QoS-based sharing achieves comparable performance as unlimited sharing, which is much better than the 1:1 backup scheme in terms of connection blocking probability, average number of connections in the network for a given offered load, and network resource utilization.     

碾压混凝土坝施工进度与质量控制的新措施

碾压混凝土重力坝和拱坝由于连续施工的坝体混凝土体积大，施工期间需要采取较为严格的温度控制措施，而所采取的温控措施是否有效，目前尚没有一个能够用于实际施工过程的快速有效的评估方法和方式，不能根据已施工坝体内的实际情况来控制施工进度和质量。利用分布式光纤温度测量系统来快速地获得坝体混凝土内部的大量温度信息，进而实际标定温度仿真程序并通过标定过程模拟拟施工的连续碾压层，以检验其温控措施的有效性。通过坝体内部的温度、温度变化速率和梯度来达到实时控制坝体碾压上升速度、坝面和仓面养护、以及冷缝灌浆处理等目的。     

Synthesizing Energy-Efficient Embedded Systems with LOPOCOS

In this paper, we introduce the LOPOCOS (Low Power Co-synthesis) system, a prototype CAD tool for system level co-design. LOPOCOS targets the design of energy-efficient embedded systems implemented as heterogeneous distributed architectures. In particular, it is designed to solve the specific problems involved in architectures that include dynamic voltage scalable (DVS) processors. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how LOPOCOS can support the system designer in identifying energy-efficient hardware/software implementations for the desired embedded systems. Hence, highlighting the necessary optimization steps during design space exploration for DVS enable architectures. The optimization steps carried out in LOPOCOS involve component allocation and task/communication mapping as well as scheduling and dynamic voltage scaling. LOPOCOS has the following key features, which contribute to this energy efficiency. During the voltage scaling valuable power profile information of task execution is taken into account, hence, the accuracy of the energy estimation is improved. A combined optimization for scheduling and communication mapping based on genetic algorithm, optimizes simultaneously execution order and communication mapping towards the utilization of the DVS processors and timing behaviour. Furthermore, a separation of task and communication mapping allows a more effective implementation of both task and communication mapping optimizationsteps. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of LOPOCOS. We report up to 38% higher energy reductions compared to previous co-synthesis techniques for DVS systems. The investigations include a real-life example of an optical flow detection algorithm.     

拉盖尔-高斯光束通过有硬边光阑光学系统的传输

采用将硬边光阑展为有限个复高斯函数之和的方法,得到了拉盖尔-高斯光束通过有硬边光阑近轴ABCD光学系统中传输的近似解析公式,作了数值计算以说明传输公式的应用,并对使用该式的误差作了讨论。     

合成孔径雷达图像的恒虚警率目标检测

目的　对合成孔径雷达 (SAR)图像实施恒虚警率 (CFAR)目标检测 .方法　利用 K-Gamma和Weibull分布的杂波模型分别对海面和陆地的人造目标实施检测 ;同时 ,对不同杂波背景下 CFAR检测方法进行比较 .结果与结论　通过检测结果的比较 ,证实了 K-Gamma分布和 Weibull分布分别适合于海面和陆地杂波背景下的目标检测 ;在非均匀杂波背景中 ,有序统计量 (OS)较单元平均 (CA)方法具有优越性     

用于测量空间温度场的分布式光纤传感器的系统设计

文中首先介绍了喇曼散射，并对分布式光纤温度传感器进行了理论分析，最后着重介绍我们研制的一种能够实际使用的喇曼散射分布式光纤温度传感器系统的设计和应用。     

带有集中质量的分布质量弹性转动横振精确解

求得了带有集中质量的分布质量弹性转轴系统横向自由振动的频率方程和振型函数的精确解析表达式，及其与不转动轴系统自由振动的频率方程和振型函数及转动角速度之间的精确解析关系     

小孔矩形腔体屏蔽特性的研究

本文提出了有孔腔体远、近场电磁屏蔽效能的计算方法，体研究了矩形腔体的屏蔽特性，讨论了各类孔对屏蔽能的影响程度。数值结果表明，理论计算与实验数据吻合较好。