MIMO系统中空时编码性能仿真和分析

介绍了空时分层码、空时分组码和空时格形码3种空时编码技术的编码原理,并对空时编码与正交频分复用结合的方案进行了可行性研究;然后,在不同的空时编码情况下建立MIMO通信系统模型,对系统误码性能进行仿真,并对结果进行详细的分析;最后,总结了3种空时编码技术的优缺点以及空时编码与正交频分复用结合的优势,并进一步讨论空时编码在协作中继传输系统等其他场景中的应用和空时编码未来的发展趋势。     

空时联合均衡水声数据检测仿真研究

水声信道的衰落特性对单传感器数据检测性能影响较大。本文采用空间分集技术，结合判决反馈均衡器，即进行空时联合均衡，实现了水声多径衰落信道的数据检测仿真，分析了检测性能，并给出了均衡算法参数的选取方法。仿真结果表明，当信道出现衰落时，单通道数据检测效果较差，而通过空时联合均衡可以使检测误码率显著降低，提高了水声传输系统的可靠性。     

Tracking Changes in the Spring Barley Gene Pool in Poland during 120 Years of Breeding

This study was undertaken to investigate the diversity and population structure of 83 spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, which corresponded to 120 years of this crop’s breeding in Poland. The analysis was based on 11,655 DArTseq-derived SNPs evenly distributed across seven barley chromosomes. Five groups were assigned in the studied cultivars according to the period of their breeding. A decrease in observed heterozygosity within the groups was noted along with the progress in breeding, with a simultaneous increase in the inbreeding coefficient value. As a result of breeding, some of the unique allelic variation present in old cultivars was lost, but crosses with foreign materials also provided new alleles to the barley gene pool. It is important to mention that the above changes affected different chromosomes to varying degrees. The internal variability of the cultivars ranged from 0.011 to 0.236. Internal uniformity was lowest among the oldest cultivars, although some highly homogeneous ones were found among them. This is probably an effect of genetic drift or selection during their multiplications and regenerations in the period from breeding to the time of analysis. The population genetic structure of the studied group of cultivars appears to be quite complex. It was shown that their genetic makeup consists of as many as eleven distinct gene pools. The analysis also showed traces of directed selection on chromosomes 3H and 5H. Detailed data analysis confirmed the presence of duplicates for 11 cultivars. The performed research will allow both improvement of the management of barley genetic resources in the gene bank and the reuse of this rich and forgotten variability in breeding programs and research.     

Return Link Systems for Wireless Mobile Camera Using 42 GHz-Band with Frequency and Space Diversity Techniques

In this paper, return link systems for wireless mobile camera using 42 GHz-band in multipath fading environments are proposed. The return link systems for wireless mobile camera require wireless transmission with high reliability as same as the conventional wired camera systems. The proposed return link systems achieve transmission with high reliability by taking into consideration frequency and space diversity techniques. The proposed systems can be classified as 3 three types of return link systems according to diversity techniques： FD （frequency diversity） systems, SD （space diversity） systems and FD＋SD system （frequency and space diversity）. Computer simulations are carried out in order to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed return link systems. It is confirmed that the proposed three types of return link systems have an advantage about BER performances and effectively exploit frequency and space resources.     

Effects of damming a large lowland river on chironomids and fish assessed with the (multiplicative partitioning of) true/Hill biodiversity measure

The impact of a large lowland temperate zone reservoir on chironomid and fish biodiversity was investigated in the same upstream (U) and downstream (D) sites on the same sampling occasions in spring and autumn of several post‐impoundment years. The true/Hill N1 diversity measure was used to construct diversity models of the impact, and partitioning of N1 to reveal the importance of ecological gradients. N1 is unique in being decomposable among multiple levels and easily comparable across ecosystems and animal groups. Chironomids were more diverse than fish in all community sets owing to their probably lower mobility, lower interspecific competition, opportunistic character and much shorter life spans than those of fish. Fish exerted consumption pressure on chironomids upstream by foraging mostly on benthic insects, but not downstream where they fed on microcrustaceans of reservoir origin or on epiphytic fauna (mainly Chironomidae). The reservoir impact on chironomids decreased their diversity in U and increased in D, while much the opposite was true in fish. In D in macroinvertebrates, the impact consisted in advancing over time intensification of seasonal development of submersed macrophytes, while in D in fish in a few species escaping from the reservoir after their populational explosions each year. Partitioning of diversity revealed that the spatial (upstream–downstream) gradient was the strongest factor of diversity change in chironomids as compared with season, and age of the impoundment. No gradient was dominant in fish. Comparisons of observed data with a null model testified to very strong intraspecific aggregation in both chironomids and fish. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ectropy of diversity measures for populations in Euclidean space

Measures to evaluate the diversity of a set of points (population) in Euclidean space play an important role in a variety of areas of science and engineering. Well-known measures are often used without a clear insight into their quality and many of them do not appropriately penalize populations with a few distant groups of collocated or closely located points. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of rigorous criteria to compare diversity measures and help select an appropriate one. In this work we define a mathematical notion of ectropy for classifying diversity measures in terms of the extent to which they tend to penalize point collocation, we investigate the advantages and disadvantages of several known measures and we propose some novel ones that exhibit a good ectropic behavior. In particular, we introduce a quasi-entropy measure based on a geometric covering problem, three measures based on discrepancy from uniform distribution and one based on Euclidean minimum spanning trees. All considered measures are tested and compared on a large set of random and structured populations. Special attention is also devoted to the complexity of computing the measures. Most of the novel measures compare favorably with the classical ones in terms of ectropy. The measure based on Euclidean minimum spanning trees turns out to be the most promising one in terms of the tradeoff between the ectropic behavior and the computational complexity.     

多用户MIMO系统中一种基于一位反馈信息的调度算法

针对多用户MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)无线通信系统潜在的多用户分集增益,该文提出了一种基于一位反馈信息的多用户调度算法.理论分析表明,设置合理的门限可以从统计意义上最大化系统平均频谱效率.同时,该文从理论上对最优门限的选择进行了分析.仿真结果表明所提算法可有效利用多用户分集来提高系统的频谱性能.     

Nakagami-m衰落信道下固定增益中继系统性能分析

 在Nakagami-m衰落信道下,分析了两跳固定增益放大转发中继通信系统的性能.首先采用基于概率密度函数(PDF)的性能分析法推导了无协作分集时系统的中断概率和平均误符号率(ASER)的闭合表达式,然后采用基于矩生成函数(MGF)的方法推导了有协作分集时系统的中断概率和ASER表达式以及接收信噪比的n阶矩的闭合表达式.仿真结果显示,所推导的闭合表达式与数值仿真结果吻合良好,协作分集和较大的m值可提升系统性能,中继前后两跳的信道质量对系统性能的影响并不相同.     

Making friends in online games: gender differences and designing for greater social connectedness

ABSTRACT

While online multiplayer games provide an opportunity for players to both maintain and establish new connections, male and female players have been found to experience these environments differently. Interviews (n?=?22) and focus groups (n?=?14) were used to explore these differences as they impact on creating new social connections, as well as to provide recommendations for the development of new social tools and features that account for these differences. While all participants experienced toxicity and performance pressure as barriers to forming new connections, female players uniquely reported the impacts of misogynistic targeting and stereotype threat. In turn, female players wishing to avoid these stresses would often mask their gender. The common practice of gender misrepresentation by both male and female players impacted female players’ ability to create social connections through voice technology, as well as building their distrust of unknown others. Recommendations are made to build social connectedness between players taking into account the specific constraints faced by female players. These include establishing mentoring opportunities as well as profiling players beyond their immediate skill or rank. Additionally, the desire for control of one’s online identity presents practical challenges that may be overcome through thoughtful design.