养护温度对喷射混凝土性能影响的试验研究

为探究不同地温环境对喷射混凝土性能的影响,本研究在实验室模拟相应温度条件,开展不同养护温度下喷射混凝土强度、耐久性及混凝土与岩石粘结强度的研究.结果表明,在25～40℃养护条件下,随养护温度的提高,喷射混凝土的抗压强度、混凝土与岩石的粘结强度呈增大趋势,但在60℃养护条件下抗压强度和粘结强度均降低并随龄期呈先增大后降低的趋势;25～60℃养护条件下的混凝土抗渗等级都为最高等级,氯离子渗透性皆处于低级;随温度升高,其抗渗性、抗氯离子渗透性、抗碳化能力均有所降低.     

离子液体与淀粉基复合抗静电剂在PE-HD中的抗静电和力学性能研究

以离子液体和淀粉基抗静电剂及其复配应用于高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）中,研究了其在PE-HD材料中的抗静电效果和力学性能。结果表明,离子液体与淀粉基抗静电剂复配后在PE-HD材料中有良好的抗静电效果和良好的耐久性,在一定含量下不会降低PE-HD材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度。     

Sustainable biocarbon as an alternative of traditional fillers for poly(butylene terephthalate)-based composites: Thermo-oxidative aging and durability

Sustainable biocomposites have gained considerable interest as an alternative to conventional composites in recent years due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance and durability behavior of biocomposites from sustainable biocarbon (BC) as compared to conventional established fillers. The poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and its composites reinforced with BC, talc, and glass fiber (GF) were prepared and the durability performances was investigated. The study showed that BC/PBT biocomposites provided a lighter weight alternative to traditionally used fillers. After undergoes thermo-oxidative aging, the mechanical properties of BC/PBT biocomposite were deteriorated. The GF/PBT showed the most stable in retaining its mechanical properties in comparison to the talc/PBT and BC/PBT. The aging behavior and mechanism of the PBT composites were discussed. This study provides further insight on the durability-related properties progression of biocomposites as compared to traditional used fillers. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47722.     

基于飞秒激光和自组装技术提高树脂涂层疏水性的工艺

目的 针对超疏水涂料功能持久性差的问题,提出一种将飞秒激光加工技术与微球近场效应原理相结合在氟化有机硅树脂表面制备微纳米仿生结构的解决方案。方法 模仿蝴蝶翅膀鳞片微结构特征,以平滑的氟化有机硅树脂表面为基体,采用纳米自组装技术在其表面生长一层二氧化硅微球薄膜,然后设置飞秒激光器的参数,利用激光脉冲能量加工单层二氧化硅微球薄膜,二氧化硅微球颗粒对激光能量有进一步的聚焦加强作用,可以加工微纳米尺寸的结构。重点研究激光功率和扫描速度等参量对氟硅树脂图案形貌及疏水性的影响,并对比分析超疏水涂料和仿生微纳米表面的疏水功能持久性。结果 激光扫描速度和功率参量对仿生表面疏水性能的影响较大,在激光功率为9 mW、扫描速度为10 mm/s、加工间距为10μm时可以获得最佳疏水性能,其接触角达到150°以上,通过常用的摩擦磨损测试实验,对比分析实验结果发现,氟硅树脂层经历200～1000次摩擦后,其接触角（CA）的下降幅度低于传统涂料组,说明具有仿生纳米坑结构的表面的耐磨性更强。结论 利用飞秒激光加工的纳米微孔阵列结构可以明显提高氟硅树脂的疏水特性,并具有优异的持久性。     

多轴载荷作用下减振器耐久性试验载荷谱编制

传统的减振器耐久性试验只考虑减振器的垂向载荷,对于水平力的加载没有统一的标准,导致试验结果不准确,针对该问题,结合实测用户道路载荷,提出了一种考虑多轴载荷作用的载荷谱编制方法。为了分析某型轿车出现减振器失效漏油的原因,采用低频信号叠加高频信号的方式构建载荷谱,运用半功率带宽法和最大线速度原理确定低频及高频信号,并进行了垂向力及水平力同时加载的减振器台架耐久性试验。试验结果表明,在水平力作用下减振器寿命受到较大影响,且失效里程与调查结果基本吻合,由此说明所编制的耐久性试验载荷谱能够较为准确地复现减振器的实际工作情况,可为减振器的设计和改进提供技术支持。     

摩擦化学反应对发动机油润滑耐久性能的影响

利用SRV高温摩擦磨损试验机比较了两种分别属于GF-2和GF-3等级，含有MoDTC摩擦改进剂的发动机油的耐久性。结果表明，由于GF-3等级发动机油能使活塞环和缸套试样表面更加平整光滑，且由于Ca清静剂与MoDTC／ZDTP的协同作用，通过摩擦化学反应，在摩擦表面形成良好的摩擦反应膜，从而使它拥有更好的润滑耐久性能。     

Specification and site control of the permeability of the cover concrete: The Swiss approach

It is recognized that most damage to reinforced concrete structures is caused by insufficient durability rather than by low strength. In most cases, the quality and thickness of the cover concrete (“covercrete”) determine the service life of the structure. Since the quality of the covercrete is influenced, not only by the mix composition, but also by the placing and curing conditions, it is appropriate to measure the achieved properties on the structure rather than just on separately cast specimens. Swiss Standard SIA 262 on “Concrete Construction” recommends checking the “impermeability” of the cover concrete on site. With that aim, a non‐destructive method to measure the air‐permeability on site has been standardized (SIA 262/1 Annex E). A team of Swiss experts was appointed by the Swiss Federal Highway Administration (ASTRA) to prepare recommendations for specifying, measuring, and assessing the conformity of the air‐permeability kT. This paper describes these recommendations covering: (a) specification of limiting values of kT as function of the exposure class; (b) sampling of the measurement points; (c) testing (including suitable temperature and moisture conditions); (d) evaluation of conformity with specified values; (e) expected impact on service life.     

铝合金阳极氧化膜层结构对粘接性能的影响

目的研究铝合金阳极氧化膜层厚度与孔径对粘接性能的影响。方法制备铝合金阳极氧化膜层,配制电解液成分为120 g/L H_2SO_4,60 g/L H3PO4,7 g/L CH_3COOH,温度为22℃。通过改变阳极氧化时间和阳极氧化电压,制备膜层厚度不同和孔径尺寸不同的阳极氧化膜层结构,对阳极氧化膜试样涂TS-805胶粘剂,加压固化。通过拉伸剪切强度测试和湿热环境耐久性能测试,评价氧化膜层厚度和孔径对阳极氧化膜粘接性能的影响关系。结果随着膜层厚度的增加,拉剪强度逐渐升高,达到一定厚度后,膜的拉剪强度不再增加反而降低,当膜层厚度为9.41μm时,铝合金粘接件的拉剪强度最高为25.06 MPa。在膜层厚度一定的情况下,氧化膜层结构中孔径尺寸对拉剪强度的影响较小;氧化膜层的湿热环境耐久性能随着氧化时间的增加而提升,当氧化时间为30 min时,膜层湿热耐久性能最优;膜层湿热环境的耐久性能受膜层孔径尺寸的影响较小。结论铝合金阳极氧化膜层结构中多孔层的孔深对粘接接头的粘接强度有影响,膜层过厚在粘接过程中粘接界面易形成气孔而降低粘接的拉剪强度,膜层厚度的最佳值与选用胶粘剂的黏度和多孔层的孔径有关,孔径对粘接拉剪强度的影响不明显。铝合金粘接的湿热耐久性能与氧化膜的孔径关系较大,对同一氧化体系的氧化膜层结构,孔径越大,湿热耐久性能越高。氧化电压是控制氧化膜层结构的主要因素,可以通过控制氧化电压提高氧化膜层粘接的湿热耐久性能。     

大理岩石粉替代粉煤灰在碾压混凝土中的应用

大理岩石粉作为掺舍料取代0％～20％粉煤灰,可以显著提高碾压混凝土的可碾性,对碾压混凝土的力学性能和耐久性能无显著影响,石粉替代粉煤灰可以作为粉煤灰供应紧张时的掺合料备用方案。