Resilient metal spring network silicone-matrix composite for separable interconnections

Resilient metal spring silicone-matrix conducting composites for separable interconnections in electronics were fabricated by the impregnation of silicone into a preform comprising randomly oriented C-shaped Cu-Be springs and a small proportion of Sn-Pb solder, which served to connect the springs at some of their intersections. Composites containing 6.1-9.8 vol.% total filler exhibited volume electrical resistivity 0.5-1.0 mΩ.cm and contact resistivity (with copper) 11-17 mΩ.cm². A compressive stress of about 30 kPa was needed for the low contact resistivity to be reached. The volume 17-26% and the contact resistivity increased by 5% after heating in air at 130-150°C for seven days. Composites containing <9 vol.% total filler showed no stress relaxation for seven days at 6.0% strain.     

Application of SiC-Si functionally gradient material to thermoelectric energy conversion device

Because of its high–temperature chemical stability, SiC ceramic is a promising material for high-temperature device applications such as thermoelectric energy converters. However, the electrical conductivity of SiC ceramic is too low for it to be used as a thermoelectric energy converter at the cold junction. Therefore, we propose a SiC-Si functionally gradient material (FGM) in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the SiC ceramic at the cold junction. An SiC rod was fired in a temperature gradient furnace. One end of the SiC rod was maintained at 2473 K and the other end was maintained at 1973 K for 30 min. After firing, the porous SiC edge fired at 1973 K was dipped into molten Si in order to infiltrate molten Si into the porous SiC. The microstructure of the FGM is classified into three regions: the SiC-Si composite material; the porous SiC ceramic; and the densified SiC ceramic. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity for each region of SiC-Si FGM was measured at 300 K; a figure of merit was calculated. The figure of merit of the SiC-Si FGM at the cold junction, at room temperature, was 10⁸ times higher than that of a nongradient SiC ceramic.     

准噶尔盆地加快天然气勘探有利条件及预探领域分析

准噶尔盆地天然气资源十分丰富,勘探潜力巨大。该盆地具备形成大气区的地质背景,发育石炭系、二叠系、侏罗系三套气源岩,演化程度高,气源条件充足;发育多类型、多套储集体和四套区域盖层,形成了有利的储盖组合及成藏配置。通过对五彩湾、滴西、莫索湾、莫北地区典型气藏的分析研究,该盆地发育多种气藏类型,包括构造型、古潜山型、火山岩内幕型及地层(不整合遮挡)型。通过研究指出,天然气勘探的现实领域有陆东—五彩湾地区、陆西—莫北—莫索湾地区;待突破的领域有腹部下组合大型古隆起及岩性气藏、南缘冲断带;正在准备的勘探领域主要为煤层气。     

二维地震过障碍观测系统模式及其参数设计

在二维地震勘探中,为了避免因地表障碍物使地震反射剖面出现间断现象,需要改变观测系统设计,跨越障碍物(江河、城镇等),以保证反射同相轴能连续追踪对比。在以往地震勘探中,有时因过障碍观测系统设计不合理,不但增加勘探费用,而且影响采集质量。因此只有科学合理地设计过障碍观测系统模式和参数,才能保证地震测线顺利通过障碍物,得到较好的障碍物下方的地震资料并降低勘探成本。为此本文在调查和研究大量野外实际的过障碍观测系统的基础上,总结归纳成三大类过障碍观测系统模式,并分析其特点和应用范围。采用图解法,推导出主要模式的跨越宽度、最小炮检距及最大炮检距等参数公式。采用这套过障碍观测模式不仅可以得到和障碍区两侧等质量的地震资料,而且可以有效地降低勘探成本。     

松潘-甘孜褶皱带的深部地壳构造特征及油气前景

四川松潘-甘孜褶皱带一直是地球科学家关注的一个焦点。近年来，石油地质学家也对它表现出了很大的兴趣。根据地震测深、重、磁、电等的探查，发现该褶皱带深部有一低速高导层，而对大火成岩省一峨眉玄武岩喷溢-地幔柱的认识深化均表明，四川松潘-甘孜褶皱带是可望获得油气勘探突破的靶区，重要的是断裂构造、圈闭、储集层的耦合与优化。     

高炉鼓风机电气控制技术改造

对高炉鼓风机事故原因分析发现，低电压保护动作、二次控制电源断电、电网电压突降是造成风机自动跳闸的主要原因。对风机电气控制技术进行改进，采取了去掉低电压跳闸保护、增设专用二次控制电源、设置瞬时断电延时自启动控制线路等措施，有效地避免了风机故障的发生，年减少经济损失66．13万元。     

基于B点磁探针膛内电枢电弧长度与速度分布测量的计算机控制系统的研究

基于B点磁探针的测量原理，建立了电磁轨道炮膛内三维等离子体电枢电弧长度和电弧运动速度测量的数学模型，通过对该模型的分析给出了用于测量膛内电枢电弧长度和运动速度分布的相应推论。开发了用于测量膛内等离子体电枢电弧长度和速度的多通道计算机控制诊断系统，并进行了相应的试验研究。     

Electrical conductivity in iodine-doped ethyl cellulose

The electrical conductivity of solution-grown ethyl cellulose (EC) films, 5–30 μm thick, has been studied in the sandwich configuration (metal–EC–metal) as a function of iodine concentration from 0.5 to 5.0 wt% ratio. The studies were conducted in the temperature range 333–383 K, while the field was varied over the range (3.0–5.5) × 10⁴V/cm. Aluminium was used as the lower electrode, while the upper electrode was of Al, Ag, Cu, Au or Sn. Certain transient effects such as a large burst of current immediately after the application of field were observed. An attempt was made to identify the nature of the current by comparing the observed dependence on electric field, electrode material and temperature with the respective characteristic features of the existing theories of electrical conduction. The results show that the electrical conduction follows Ohm's law at lower fields, while at higher fields, space-charge limited current (SCLC) was observed. It was also found that Richardson–Schottky emission was responsible, to some extent, for the transport of charge carriers in the polymer. The conductivity of the films increased on doping with iodine. The dopant molecules are considered to act as additional trapping centes and provide links between the polymer molecules in the amorphous region, thus resulting in the formation of charge transfer complexes.     

国外油气化探新进展

本文概述国外油气地球化学勘查的现状。在油气化探基础理论研究方面，国外学者提出了一些新的概念和认识。Ｍ．Ｄ．Ｍａｔｔｈｅｗｓ认为烃类迁移机制可分为弥散式和会聚式２类，并着重探讨了烃类通过会聚式迁移到达近地表时，其渗逸速率、气泡效应、分散相的成分和性质等对近地表层和水柱中烃类背景水平及异常形成的影响。Ｒ．Ｔｏｍｐｋｉｎｓ提出了油气藏地层电池和氧化还原房概念。有的学者对某些具体化探方法的原理提出了新的认识，如汞烃共生说等等。在油气化探应用效果方面，国外大量实例说明，应用非常规物化探之后，预测成功率明显提高，综合油气勘查是今后油气勘探的发展方向。近年有的学者将化探的微生物法扩展到储层研究，较准确地了解地下储层的性质与动态。油气化探技术虽然取得了重要进展，但在诸如烃类迁移机制、干扰因素的影响、应用领域的扩展等等问题上还有待进一步探讨和研究。     

油气沉积学原理及其在勘探开发中的应用

本文以油气藏形成条件中的生、储、盖、运、圈为纲讨论了油气勘探沉积学;以油气藏开发过程中与沉积、成岩的关系讨论了油气开发沉积学。在油气勘探沉积学中重点论述了陆相沉积与储层及圈闭的关系;在油气开发沉积学中重点论述了储层研究的基础—储层的沉积属性和成岩特征。强调储层沉积、成岩研究应成为储层评价最重要的内容。