电化学分析法测定食品中亚硝酸根的研究进展

评述了近年来电化学分析法测定食品中痕量亚硝酸根的研究进展，着重介绍了极谱法、离子选择性电极和化学修饰电极测定亚硝酸根的研究；展望了电化学法测定食品中痕量亚硝酸根的应用前景。     

毛细管电泳-电化学检测测定荞麦中表儿茶素、芦丁、槲皮素的含量

用毛细管电泳-电化学检测的方法研究了荞麦中黄酮类物质:表儿茶素、芦丁、槲皮素的含量,研究了电极电位、缓冲液的pH值、分离电压及进样时间对电泳的影响,得到优化的测定条件。以直径为300μm的碳圆盘电极为检测电极,工作电极电位为0.95V(vs.SCE),在50mmol/L硼砂(pH8.5)运行缓冲液中,上述3组分在12min内完全分离。表儿茶素、芦丁、槲皮素线性范围分别为5×10-7￣1×10-4g/mL、1×10-6￣1×10-4g/mL、1×10-6￣1×10-4g/mL;检出限分别为1.83×10-7g/mL、2.9×10-8g/mL、1.00×10-7g/mL;3种标样7次平行进样的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于2.5%;回收率表儿茶素100.4%、芦丁98.1%、槲皮素100.1%(n=3)。该法灵敏可靠,结果令人满意。     

水性粘结剂LA135在锂离子电池中的应用

以水性粘结剂LA135为正极粘结剂、LiFePO4为活性物质,测试不同粘结剂含量的锂离子电池的性能.当粘结剂的含量为6％时,在2.75～4.20 V充放电,0.20 C首次、第10次循环的放电比容量分别为140.6 mAh/g和140.3 mAh/g,容量保持率为99.8％;1.00 C首次、第10次循环的放电比容量分别为103.3 mAh/g和99.1 mAh/g,容量保持率为95.9％.     

二氧化钛修饰葡萄糖氧化酶电极的初步研究

应用TiO2修饰铂电极,制备葡萄糖氧化酶电极,初步探讨其电化学响应特性和实用性。实验表明,该电极具有良好的重现性和选择性。     

高效清洁的皮革染色方法

介绍了超临界染色、超声波染色和电化学染色三种高效、清洁的染色方法在皮革染色中的应用,并指出了今后皮革染色的发展方向。     

动态光散射和电泳对栲胶溶液的电化学行为研究

从栲胶的胶体化学性质的角度,使用ZetasizerNano-ZS系列仪器研究了,橡栲胶(水解类)和荆树皮栲胶(缩合类)溶液的Zeta电位和电导率,随中性盐浓度和pH的变化;溶液中鞣质被铬皮粉吸附以后的Zeta电位和电导率随pH的变化。结果显示:栲胶溶液的Zeta电位的绝对值随中性盐浓度的增大而迅速降低,而与溶液的pH呈正相关关系;溶液的电导率随中性盐浓度的增大而增大,而在广泛的pH范围内无大的变化,当pH值小于2时电导率升高并出现突变,且各种栲胶溶液具有一致性。溶液中鞣质存在与否对溶液的Zeta电位和电导率随pH的变化无明显影响,而鞣质被吸附以后的橡栲胶溶液的Zeta电位在碱性条件下的变化明显减小。     

西江23-1油田采油处理系统缓蚀剂的研究应用

针对西江油田采油处理系统的二氧化碳电化学腐蚀现象,对腐蚀原因进行分析研究,提出腐蚀控制方法.研究出一种高效、低成本的缓蚀剂,以解决西江海上油田油水处理系统存在的设备管线腐蚀问题.     

Fundamentals of electrosorption on activated carbon for wastewater treatment of industrial effluents

The potential of electroadsorption/desorption on activated carbon for waste water treatment of industrial effluents is studied. Adsorption isotherms of hydrophobic differently charged model substances on activated carbon were measured in order to obtain specific information about the influence of the charge (+1,–1 and 0) on the adsorbability of comparable, aromatic species and the influence of the bed potential on the adsorption equilibria. In all these cases the adsorption equilibria show a dependence on applied potential in electrolyte of approximately 1m ionic strength. With electrosorption from aqueous solution, a fivefold enhancement of the concentration in one potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycle is achievable. The use of the solvent methanol instead of water for desorption allows for a concentration enhancement by a factor of hundred in the desorptive step. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon changes only slightly with cycle number. Two cell designs for the performance of potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycles on the large scale are discussed.     

Electrochemical impedance spectra of solid-oxide fuel cells and polymer membrane fuel cells

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a very useful method for the characterization of fuel cells. The anode and cathode transfer functions have been determined independently without a reference electrode using symmetric gas supply of hydrogen or oxygen on both electrodes of the fuel cell at open circuit potential (OCP). EIS are given for both polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) at current densities up to 0.76 A cm⁻² (PEFC) and 0.22 A cm⁻² (SOFC). With increasing current density the PEFC-impedance decreases significantly in the low frequency range reaching a minimum at 0.4 A cm⁻². At even higher current densities an increasing contribution of water diffusion is observed: the cell impedance increases again. From EIS of SOFC a finite diffusion behavior is observed even at OCP, depending on water partial pressure of the anodic gas supply. This additional element reflects the influence of water partial pressure on the cell potential. The simulation of the measured EIS with an equivalent circuit enables the calculation of the individual voltage losses in the fuel cell.     

再生水用于循环冷却系统时不锈钢腐蚀的研究

采用电化学测试方法研究了再生水用于循环冷却水时对不锈钢腐蚀特性的影响,通过测定弱极化区极化曲线、交流阻抗谱(EIS)和点蚀电位对比分析了TJH-3型缓蚀阻垢剂的缓蚀效果并阐述了其缓蚀原理。研究表明,不加缓蚀阻垢剂不锈钢腐蚀初期钝化膜逐渐发展并于约12 h达到稳定,稳定后平均腐蚀速率极低(约为0.000 15mm/a),但具有较大点蚀倾向。加入TJH-3型缓蚀阻垢剂后钝化膜增长明显增快,膜电阻增大,点蚀倾向显著降低。同时,点蚀电位测试结果表明此复配药剂中各组分对于不锈钢点蚀抑制具有协同作用。