UV‐Triggered Polymerization,Deposition, and Patterning of Plant Phenolic Compounds

Plant‐derived phenolic compounds, rich in catechol and pyrogallol moieties, can form multifunctional coatings on various substrates following polymerization under mildly alkaline conditions. Despite many appealing features of such coatings, the difficulty to control polymerization of phenolic compounds spatially and temporally limits their number of potential applications. In this study, it is demonstrated that UV irradiation can trigger oxidative polymerization and deposition of plant‐derived phenolic compounds, which opens the possibility to create 2D gradients and patterns of polyphenol coatings and control this polymerization temporally. UV–vis spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and cyclic voltammetry analyses are used to investigate the UV‐induced polymerization of several plant‐derived phenolic compounds including pyrogallol, tannic acid, caffeic acid, and gallic acid. Formation of polyphenol coatings on polar and nonpolar substrates after UV irradiation has been studied using water contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy, time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The possibility to use UV‐light to accelerate polymerization of phenolic compounds and perform micropatterning can extend the scope of potential applications of the large class of structurally diverse plant‐derived phenolic compounds.     

Robust Red Organic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of Cancer Cell Progression in Xenografted Zebrafish

Bright and red‐emissive organic nanoparticles (NPs) are demonstrated as promising for in vivo fluorescence imaging. However, most red organic dyes show greatly weakened or quenched emission in the aggregated state. In this work, a robust red fluorophore (t‐BPITBT‐TPE) with strong aggregate‐state photoluminescence and good biocompatibility is presented. The NPs comprised of t‐BPITBT‐TPE aggregates encapsulated within 1,2‐distearoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine‐N‐[methoxy(polyethylene glycol) (DSPE‐mPEG) micelles exhibit a photoluminescence peak at 660 nm with a high fluorescence quantum yield of 32% in aqueous media. The NPs can be facilely charged by using the same polymeric matrix with different terminal groups, e.g., methoxy (DSPE‐mPEG), amine (DSPE‐PEG‐NH₂), or carboxymethyl (DSPE‐PEG‐COOH) groups. The biocompatibility, toxicity, circulation, and biodistribution of the NPs are assessed using the zebrafish model through whole embryo soaking and intravenous delivery. Furthermore, HeLa and MCF‐7 cells tagged with t‐BPITBT‐TPE in DSPE‐PEG‐NH₂‐TAT polymer NPs are xenografted into zebrafish larvae to successfully track the cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, demonstrating that these new NPs are efficient cancer cell trackers. In addition, the NPs also show good in vivo imaging ability toward 4T1 tumors in xenografted BALB/c mice.     

A Structurable Gel‐Polymer Electrolyte for Sodium Ion Batteries

In this work, a structurable gel‐polymer electrolyte (SGPE) with a controllable pore structure that is not destroyed after immersion in an electrolyte is produced via a simple nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. This study investigates how the regulation of the nonsolvent content affects the evolving nanomorphology of the composite separators and overcomes the drawbacks of conventional separators, such as glass fiber (GF), which has been widely used in sodium ion batteries (SIBs), through the regulation of pore size and gel‐polymer position. The interfacial resistance is reduced through selective positioning of a poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexa fluoropropylene) (PVdF‐HFP) gel‐polymer with the aid of NIPS, which in turn enhances the compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode. In addition, the highly porous morphology of the GF/SGPE obtained via NIPS allows for the absorption of more liquid electrolyte. Thus, a greatly improved cell performance of the SIBs is observed when a tailored SGPE is incorporated into the GF separator through charge/discharge testing compared with the performance observed with pristine GF and conventional GF coated with PVdF‐HFP gel‐polymer.     

Highly optical transparency and thermally stable polyimides containing pyridine and phenyl pendant

In order to obtain highly optical transparency polyimides, two novel aromatic diamine monomers containing pyridine and kinky structures, 1,1-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]diphenylmethane (BAPDBP) and 1,1-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]-1-phenylethane (BAPDAP), were designed and synthesized. Polyimides based on BAPDBP, BAPDAP, 2,2-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]propane (BAPDP) with various commercial dianhydrides were prepared for comparison and structure-property relationships study. The structures of the polyimides were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, wide-angle X-ray diffractograms (XRD) and elemental analysis. Film properties including solubility, optical transparency, water uptake, thermal and mechanical properties were also evaluated. The introduction of pyridine and kinky structure into the backbones that polyimides presented good optical properties with 91–97% transparent at 500 nm and a low cut-off wavelength at 353–398 nm. Moreover, phenyl pendant groups of the polyimides showed high glass transition temperatures (T_g) in the range of 257–281 °C. These results suggest that the incorporating pyridine, kinky and bulky substituents to polymer backbone can improve the optical transparency effectively without sacrificing the thermal properties.     

制动力对制动尖叫噪声及磨损特性的影响

在自行研制的新型摩擦制动噪声试验台上,采用锻钢制动盘和铜基粉末冶金制动片作为摩擦副,研究制动力对制动尖叫噪声特性和界面磨损特征的影响。结果表明:随着制动力的增大,摩擦系统不稳定振动加强,系统产生高强度制动尖叫噪声的倾向增强;制动力的增大导致摩擦界面磨损更加严重,黏着撕裂和剥落、犁削、磨屑堆积等"不平顺"因素对接触界面产生连续激励并加剧系统的不稳定振动,进一步诱导高强度制动尖叫噪声的产生。     

基于温度应力仿真分析的碾压混凝土重力坝诱导缝开裂研究

考虑彭水水电站碾压混凝土坝的实际碾压浇筑过程，采用混凝土钝裂缝带模型，在三维瞬态有限元温度应力仿真分析的基础上，对大坝诱导缝的开裂及裂缝扩展进行了跟踪计算。计算结果表明，坝体的上游面诱导缝缝端应力强度因子局部超过混凝土的断裂韧度而发生开裂，且诱导缝的开裂明显减小了坝段中部区域的拉应力。根据诱导缝的开裂分析结果，建议诱导缝的设置长度为4．5m。     

大连市某高层建筑风振和地震反应的主动质量阻尼(AMD)控制分析与设计

本文以大连市某大型高层钢筋混凝土结构为背景,进行了高层建筑结构抗风抗震的AMD主动控制分析和方案设计。首先,根据实际工程数据建立了结构动力分析的计算模型,编制了风荷载随机抽样程序,给出了用于分析的典型风荷载和地震波动荷载样本。其次,进行了脉动风荷载作用下AMD控制系统物理参数和控制算法软参数的优化分析,得到了AMD子系统的最优质量、刚度和阻尼等物理参数。然后,在AMD子系统取得最优参数的情况下,进行了结构脉动风荷载作用下和常遇地震作用下AMD主动控制的反应分析;计算结果表明,采用AMD主动控制系统可以使结构的风振加速度控制效果达40％以上,大幅度提高规范要求的风振舒适度,对常遇地震作用下位移反应的控制效果也可以达到40％左右。最后,仿真分析了AMD控制结构平动-扭转耦联振动的控制效果。此外,本文还给出了实际工程结构进行AMD主动控制设计的一般性步骤,可供类似高层建筑结构进行AMD主动控制分析和设计时参考。     

建筑物不均匀震陷机理的振动台实验研究

设计实现了结构-地基相互作用的振动台实验,研究了不均匀震陷机理。实验中结构和地基土均匀分布,输入单方向水平加速度时程,得到了结构和土体中加速度、动应力和不均匀震陷的分布并总结了其规律。实验表明:(1)结构基底地震动与自由场相比相差很大,对称位置的竖向加速度和动应力呈反对称分布;(2)反对称的竖向动应力使建筑物产生不均匀震陷。因此,地震波的不规则性对不均匀震陷所起的作用是重要的和不容忽视的。     

UV诱变技术培养造纸废水高效降解菌

在连续流条件下以活性污泥代替纯菌种进行UV诱变，结果表明诱变作用效果显著且具应用潜力。通过与普通驯化的污泥进行比较发现，经诱变活性污泥更适于降解木质素，且效率较高。