综采面端头区及顺槽使用新型支架组的设计

介绍了一种综采工作面端头区及顺槽新型端头支架和超前支护支架组,并对该架组技术参数、结构特点、适应性和支架在井下应用效果作了阐述。     

脂质氧化对肉制品中4 类有害物质形成影响的研究进展

肉制品加工过程中往往伴随着脂质氧化的发生，现有研究表明，脂质氧化能影响肉制品中杂环胺、N-亚硝基化合物、晚期糖基化终末产物及多环芳烃等有害物质的生成，这些物质的积累会降低肉制品的食用安全性并危害人体健康。本文综述了肉制品中脂质氧化的机制及氧化产物的反应活性、脂质氧化对肉制品中上述4 类有害物质形成的影响及相关控制措施，以期从控制脂质氧化的角度出发为肉制品安全性生产工艺提供参考。     

Degradation behavior of polymer blend of isotactic polypropylenes with and without unsaturated chain end group

Abstract

In this work, the relationship between the unsaturated chain end group content and the thermal oxidative degradation rate was systematically studied with binary polymer blends of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with and without the unsaturated chain end group. The iPPs with and without the unsaturated chain end group were synthesized by a metallocene catalyst in the absence of hydrogen and by a Ziegler catalyst in the presence of one, respectively. The thermal oxidative degradation rate of the binary iPP blends was estimated from the molecular weight and the apparent activation energy (ΔE), which were obtained through size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, respectively. These values exhibited a negative correlation against the mole content of the unsaturated chain end group. The thermal oxidative degradation rate apparently depends on the content of the unsaturated chain end group. This tendency suggests that the unsaturated chain end acts as a radical initiator of the iPP degradation reaction.     

杆塔接地体冲击散流分布试验研究

冲击电流作用下接地体的表面散流分布对接地体的冲击接地电阻有决定作用。分别在均匀土壤（23 Ω?m）和水平双层土壤（上层砂土2 180 Ω?m,下层土壤23 Ω?m）条件下,对不同型式的方框带射线接地体进行了模拟试验,从散流不均匀度和散流分布的角度,分析了土壤电阻率、冲击电流波前时间和峰值的影响,研究了常用改型方法的效果。结果表明,土壤电阻率越低、冲击电流波前时间越短、冲击电流幅值越高,则接地极散流越不均匀;方框带射线型接地体射线的末端散流一般大于首端和中部的散流,水平射线的中部散流比例基本不受冲击电流幅值的影响;在方框带射线型接地体的射线上添加水平分支及垂直分支能起到很好的降阻效果     

Strand Current Distribution Modeling in Turbo-generators Using Finite-element Method Based on Proposed Dual Method

Abstract—The necessity of using a 3D model is one of the main problems for modeling Roebel bar transposition in turbo-generators by the finite-element method. This article proposes a 2D dual model for computing strand current distribution in the Roebel bar of turbo-generators. Considering the leakage and mutual inductances for each strand and the coupling inductances between them, the end winding region is modeled in this 2D dual model. In this article, the Roebel bar structure including 16 strands was considered, and these distributions are calculated for different transpositions using the finite-element method. In the finite-element method model, the circulating currents are calculated by subtracting a load current at each strand from the total of strand current. Also, for different transpositions, such as 90°, 180°, 360°, and 540°, the circulating currents are calculated using an analytical method. The obtained strand current distributions from the 2D dual model have good agreement with the obtained results from the analytical method for the 180° and 360° transposed coil models.     

大功率直线感应电动机推力脉动研究

直线电机边端效应是由定子铁心、次级开断所致的固有效应,该效应会引起电机电磁推力的不同频率的脉动。本文首先基于电磁推力公式对边端效应所致的推力脉动频率进行了理论分析。然后利用一维磁路法对动态纵向边端效应引起的次级感应涡流沿轴向的分布规律进行了理论分析和解析计算,根据次级感应涡流进而计算得到了动态纵向边端效应引起的转差频率两倍频推力脉动幅值的解析表达式,并得到了推力脉动幅值和不考虑边端效应时的电磁推力值的比例关系,最后通过峰值功率20 MW,最大出力900 k N的大功率直线感应电动机实验系统对分析结论进行了试验验证。理论分析和试验结果表明:计及边端效应时直线电机电磁推力存在供电频率两倍频和转差频率两倍频的脉动,其中转差频率两倍频的脉动由动态纵向边端效应导致,主要和次级极数以及转差频率有关。     

海洋用CRA双金属复合管管端全自动堆焊工艺改进

针对海洋用CRA双金属复合管薄壁基管堆焊过程中出现显著的管端缩径,机械加工后管端尺寸超差这一问题,设计了工艺革新及改进方案。通过采用优化焊接工艺参数和调整管端机械加工工艺等措施,使得双金属复合管管端机械加工后的尺寸满足了设计要求,同时Fe的稀释率降低。堆焊后对堆焊层进行拉伸试验、冲击试验、硬度测试、金相组织观察以及晶间腐蚀试验,结果表明,堆焊层的力学性能良好,且具备较好的耐腐蚀性能。     

锥形端坯料辊切成形装置设计与实验

为开发锥形端坯料辊切成形装备进而实现轧制无凹心成形,研究了辊刀结构参数对辊切成形质量的影响,并设计了辊切装置的主要结构。通过分析辊切成形过程中辊刀挡板间隙、基圆直径和展宽角三个结构参数对锥形端成形质量的影响规律,确定了辊刀最佳结构参数组合。进而提出了可实现辊刀绕坯料公转的同时逐步自转的差动轮系传动机构,并根据辊切成形工艺要求,确定了差动轮系合理的传动比分配。最后设计并制造了辊切成形装置,完成了锥形端坯料辊切实验。结果表明,通过辊切成形得到的锥形端成形质量较好,且实验辊切锥形端与仿真模拟锥形端尺寸基本一致,验证了锥形端坯料辊切成形工艺的可行性及辊切装置结构设计的合理性。     

Interaction dynamics of a spherical particle with a suspended liquid film

Hydrodynamics of collision interactions between a particle and gas‐liquid interface such as droplet/film is of keen interest in many engineering applications. The collision interaction between a suspended liquid (water) film of thickness 3.41 ± 0.04 mm and an impacting hydrophilic particle (glass ballotini) of different diameters (1.1–3.0 mm) in low particle impact Weber number ( ) range (1.4–33) is reported. Two distinct outcomes were observed—particle retention in the film at lower Weber number and complete penetration of the film toward higher Weber number cases. A collision parameter was defined based on energy balance approach to demarcate these two interaction regimes which agreed reasonably well with the experimental outcomes. It was shown that the liquid ligament forming in the complete penetration cases breaks up purely by “dripping/end pinch‐off” mechanism and not due to capillary wave instability. An analytical model based on energy balance approach was proposed to determine the liquid mass entrainment associated with the ligament which compared well with the experimental measurements. A good correlation between the %film mass entrained and the particle Bond number ( ) was obtained which indicated a dependency of Bo^1.72. Computationally, a three‐dimensional CFD model was developed to simulate these interactions using different contact angle boundary conditions which in general showed reasonable agreement with experiment but also indicated deficiency of a constant contact angle value to depict the interaction physics in entirety. The computed force profiles from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model suggest dominance of the pressure force over the viscous force almost by an order of magnitude in all the Weber number cases studied. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 295–314, 2016