考虑EV充放电意愿的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度

随着电动汽车的普及度越来越高,工业园区的电动汽车用户日益增多,其充放电行为对园区综合能源系统规划和运行带来极大挑战。本文提出了考虑电动汽车充放电意愿的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度。首先基于动态实时电价、电池荷电量、电池损耗补偿、额外参与激励等因素建立充放电意愿模型,在此基础上得到改进的电动汽车充放电模型;然后,以园区综合能源系统总成本最小和电动汽车充电费用最小为目标建立双层优化调度模型,通过KKT条件将内层模型转化为外层模型的约束条件,从而快速稳定的实现单层模型的求解;最后,进行仿真求解,设置3种不同场景,对比了所提模型与一般充放电意愿模型,验证了文中所提引入EV充放电意愿模型的园区综合能源系统双层优化调度的有效性和可行性,具有一定的经济效益。     

考虑天然气混氢的园区综合能源系统电制氢优化配置

电制氢和天然气混氢技术在促进可再生能源消纳、降低系统碳排放量方面具有良好的理论研究和工程应用前景。面向含高比例可再生能源的园区综合能源系统,提出一种计及天然气混氢及跨季节存储的电制氢优化配置方法。首先梳理了含氢园区综合能源系统的运行框架和能量流动关系,建立园区内部能源生产、转换与存储设备的数学模型,其次以设备的年化投资成本、园区综合能源系统的年度运行成本和碳交易成本最优为目标,提出电制氢优化配置模型。最后通过算例分析表明电制氢及天然气混氢技术的引入可提升可再生能源的消纳能力,降低系统的整体经济成本和碳排放量,并分析了电解槽投资成本、混氢体积分数上限以及经济性和低碳性成本权重系数变化对规划运行结果的影响。关键词：园区综合能源系统;电制氢;天然气混氢;碳交易;跨季节储氢;优化配置 中图分类号：TM732     

考虑电-氢-热多能互补的微网多目标优化配置研究

氢储能具有储能容量大、储存时间长、清洁无污染、实现多种能源网络互联互补和协同优化等诸多优点,有望成为推动分布式能源发展和提升终端能源利用效率的重要支撑技术。为了提高独立型微网供电可靠性及可再生能源利用率,本文建立了考虑电-氢-热多能互补的独立微网多目标优化配置模型,并基于模拟退火的粒子群算法对目标问题进行求解。最后,通过东北某地独立微网优化配置算例,基于MATLAB平台验证了所提多能互补配置方案较传统电储能配置方案负荷失电率降低了3.18%,可再生能源利用率提高了8.37%,所提配置方案可有效促进可再生能源消纳,保证独立微网的供电可靠性。     

含多电解槽的新能源制氢能量管理优化

新能源制氢系统是提升风能、太阳能等新能源发电消纳的有效途径。目前国内外关于电解槽能量管理的相关研究以单电解槽为主。单电解槽能量管理未考虑电解槽非线性的工作特性,难以兼顾多个电解槽制氢效率,影响系统经济性。论文针对含有多电解槽新能源制氢系统的能量管理问题进行了研究。以新能源消纳率、经济收益、制氢率为目标,考虑单个电解槽运行特性及生产约束等条件,建立包含风电、光伏、蓄电池、电解槽多个模块的能量管理优化模型,并采用SPEA2算法求解多目标优化问题。仿真研究表明,所提能量管理策略能够实现新能源发电的100%消纳,单位制氢效益可提升5.15%。因此,多电解槽制氢系统进行有效的能量管理有助于提高制氢效率,有效克服单电解槽运行及能量管理的不足。     

Empowering wave energy with control technology: Possibilities and pitfalls

With an increasing focus on climate action and energy security, an appropriate mix of renewable energy technologies is imperative. Despite having considerable global potential, wave energy has still not reached a state of maturity or economic competitiveness to have made an impact. Challenges include the high capital and operational costs associated with deployment in the harsh ocean environment, so it is imperative that the full energy harnessing capacity of wave energy devices, and arrays of devices in farms, is realised. To this end, control technology has an important role to play in maximising power capture, while ensuring that physical system constraints are respected, and control actions do not adversely affect device lifetime. Within the gamut of control technology, a variety of tools can be brought to bear on the wave energy control problem, including various control strategies (optimal, robust, nonlinear, etc.), data-based model identification, estimation, and forecasting. However, the wave energy problem displays a number of unique features which challenge the traditional application of these techniques, while also presenting a number of control ‘paradoxes’. This review articulates the important control-related characteristics of the wave energy control problem, provides a survey of currently applied control and control-related techniques, and gives some perspectives on the outstanding challenges and future possibilities. The emerging area of control co-design, which is especially relevant to the relatively immature area of wave energy system design, is also covered.     

基于LMD的PWM整流电路故障特征提取新方法

脉冲宽度调制(PWM)整流电路结构日益复杂,对其可靠运行提出了更高的要求;对局域均值分解(LMD)用于PWM整流电路的故障特征提取进行研究,提出一种基于LMD和加权频带能量法的特征提取新方法;该方法通过逐步抽取调频调幅成分将故障信号在频域上展开,然后基于信号能量的频带分布特点,充分考虑各频带成分与故障的相关性,构造故障特征向量,实现特征提取;最后以PWM整流电路为例进行仿真,相电压380V,仿真时间0.5s,0.1s时注入故障;结果表明,该方法能有效地提取故障信号的特征,并降低特征向量的维数。     

Computational Parametric Analysis of Cellular Solids with the Miura-Ori Metamaterial Geometry under Quasistatic Compressive Loads

Origami-based metamaterials have widespread application prospects in various industries including aerospace, automotive, flexible electronics, and civil engineering structures. Among the wide range of origami patterns, the fourfold tessellation known as Miura-ori is of particular attraction to engineers and designers. More specifically, researchers have proposed different 3D structures and metamaterials based on the geometric characteristics of this classic origami pattern. Herein, a computational modeling approach for the design and evaluation of 3D cellular solids with the Miura-ori metamaterial geometry which can be of zero or nonzero thicknesses is presented. To this end, first, a range of design alternatives generated based on a numerical parametric model is designed. Next, their mechanical properties and failure behavior under quasistatic axial compressive loads along three perpendicular directions are analyzed. Then, the effects of various geometric parameters on their energy absorption behavior under compression in the most appropriate direction are investigated. The findings of this study provide a basis for future experimental investigations and the potential application of such cellular solids for energy-absorbing purposes.     

Diode-Pumped Solid-State Lasers for Inertial Fusion Energy

We have begun building the Mercury laser system as the first in a series of new generation diode-pumped solid-state lasers for inertial fusion research. Mercury will integrate three key technologies: diodes, crystals, and gas cooling, within a unique laser architecture that is scalable to kilojoule and megajoule energy levels for fusion energy applications. The primary near-term performance goals include 10% electrical efficiencies at 10 Hz and 100J with a 2–10 ns pulse length at 1.047 m wavelength. When completed, Mercury will allow rep-rated target experiments with multiple chambers for high energy density physics research.     

Structural and properties of nanocrystalline WO3/TiO2-based humidity sensors elements prepared by high energy activation

Nanocrystalline WO₃/TiO₂-based powders have been prepared by the high energy activation method with WO₃ concentration ranging from 1 to 10 mol%. The samples were thermal treated in a microwave oven at 600 °C for 20 min and their structural and micro-structural characteristics were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, EXAFS measurements at the Ti K-edge, and transmission electron microscopy. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms and H₂ Temperature Programmed Reduction were also carried out for physical characterization. The crystallite and particle mean sizes ranged from 30 to 40 nm and from 100 to 190 nm, respectively. Good sensor response was obtained for samples with at least 5 mol% WO₃ activated for at least 80 min. Ceramics heat-treated in microwave oven for 20 min have shown similar sensor response as those prepared in conventional oven for 120 min, which is highly cost effective. These results indicate that WO₃/TiO₂ ceramics can be used as a humidity sensor element.