食品科学与工程专业生物化学实验教学改革与探索

文章主要针对食品科学与工程专业本科生物化学实验课进行改革。加强实验室建设和规范化管理,对生物化学实验课程及其教学内容进行改革,改革了考核和评价方法,实验考核内容包括实验预习报告、实验表现、实验报告、期末技能操作和理论考试等,根据实际情况,确定各项的分成绩。通过改革提高了教学质量和效果。     

综合性化学实验在实验教学中的应用

综合研究实验不仅激发了学生的学习兴趣、创新意识,而且使学生初步掌握科学研究的思维方式和解决问题的方法,使学生的综合素质得以提高。开设综合实验既是贯彻党和国家的教育方针,也是培养新型人才的需要。文章就目前综合性化学实验的设计和开设做一综述。     

Sampling-resampling techniques for the computation of posterior densities in normal means problems

Summary Implementation of Bayesian methods is complicated in many contexts by the apparent need for specialized numerical integration techniques, unfamiliar to most statistical practitioners. In fact, a shift of focus to a sampling-resampling perspective enables one to carry out Bayesian calculations without recourse to numerical integration. Such an approach is illustrated here in the familiar context of normal means inference problems, with particular focus on implementing analyses with reference priors.     

纤维土的三轴试验研究

考虑了纤维材料的尺寸效应,采用常规三轴仪研究了纤维土在不固结、不排水条件下的强度特性和补强机理。试验结果表明,该纤维土的强度和整体稳定性较素土有明显提高,是由于纤维弯曲与土颗粒均匀地交织在一起构成了空间(三维)结构,土体与纤维之间产生咬合摩擦力和空间约束力所致。同时试验还表明,纤维掺量和围压也是决定纤维土性质的重要因素。     

Electrochemical treatment of deproteinated whey wastewater and optimization of treatment conditions with response surface methodology

Electrochemical treatment of deproteinated whey wastewater produced during cheese manufacture was studied as an alternative treatment method for the first time in literature. Through the preliminary batch runs, appropriate electrode material was determined as iron due to high removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and turbidity. The electrochemical treatment conditions were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM), where applied voltage was kept in the range, electrolyte concentration was minimized, waste concentration and COD removal percent were maximized at 25 degrees C. Optimum conditions at 25 degrees C were estimated through RSM as 11.29 V applied voltage, 100% waste concentration (containing 40 g/L lactose) and 19.87 g/L electrolyte concentration to achieve 29.27% COD removal. However, highest COD removal through the set of runs was found as 53.32% within 8h. These results reveal the applicability of electrochemical treatment to the deproteinated whey wastewater as an alternative advanced wastewater treatment method.     

Performance analysis of a jacked-in single pile and pile group in saturated clay ground

When a pile is installed into saturated clay ground, the “setup” effect may occur due to ground consolidation, which changes pile performance. Although this phenomenon has been observed both in the field and laboratory, its numerical simulation is still challenging. In this work, pile installation effects on the behaviors of jacked-in piles were investigated through three simulation techniques by a three-dimensional finite element analysis program, PLAXIS 3D. A constitutive model called the soft soil creep model was used to describe the soil behavior based on soil parameters obtained from laboratory tests. The behaviors of single piles were first investigated with or without the consolidation process after pile installation to evaluate the pile setup effect. Then, a pile group comprising 4 piles was analyzed using the consolidation process to verify the applicability of the three simulation techniques. The calculated results were compared with the corresponding experimental results. The calculated results using three techniques generally agreed well with the experimental results in terms of initial stiffness and pile shaft resistance. Both the measured and calculated results indicate that ground consolidation caused by pile installation significantly increases the pile bearing capacity and especially, the pile shaft resistance. Therefore, the pile setup effect can be reasonably simulated by the three proposed techniques.     

Co/Al金属在聚晶立方氮化硼中的作用及加工适用性

通过正交试验和切削试验相结合的方法,检测聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)烧结体的硬度和强度,分析并观察烧结体组元相互熔渗状况以及微观形貌,探索了Co/Al金属对PCBN烧结体的影响以及不同结合剂含量PCBN的加工适应性。试验结果表明:CBN含量和Co含量对PCBN的抗弯强度和硬度影响显著;在刀具材料的选择上,高PCBN浓度的刀具适合加工灰铸铁,低PCBN浓度的刀具适合加工淬硬钢;Co/Al金属能够通过高温高压在PCBN层和硬质合金基体之间进行相互熔渗,导致PCBN层在距硬质合金10~20μm处Co含量达到最大值;PCBN的失效为穿晶断裂方式。     

脉冲电磁处理参数对YT15硬质合金服役寿命的影响

采用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元分析软件对脉冲电磁处理设备进行仿真建模,利用正交试验的方法研究了磁通密度、磁脉冲个数、脉冲电压、电脉冲组数对YT15硬质合金刀具服役寿命的影响规律。通过极差分析得到了各因素的影响主次关系以及最佳脉冲电磁处理参数,并分析了切削过程的主切削力及磨损量变化,结果表明:脉冲电磁处理可使YT15硬质合金刀具服役寿命增长57.2%;最佳的处理参数组合为磁通密度2T,磁脉冲个数10,脉冲电压0.8V,电脉冲组数20;磁通密度和磁脉冲个数对其寿命影响较大,脉冲电压和电脉冲组数影响较弱;脉冲电磁处理后的刀具切削力较未处理有所降低,后刀面磨损速度明显减缓。     

Box-Behnken试验设计法分析激光诱导金刚石石墨化后材料去除深度研究

金刚石的加工制备一直以来被学术界和工业界高度关注。针对金刚石的高效去除方法——激光加工,研究激光参数对金刚石去除量的影响,并采用Box-Behnken试验设计法建立金刚石去除深度与各激光参数之间的拟合关系式,实现金刚石激光加工的可控去除及预测。     

浅议技师学院教师培养的途径

文章从利用外部资金技术、搞好教师培训、引进校外人才、以制度保证进修培养的效果四个方面,对培养技师学院教师的途径和方法进行了探讨。