飞秒激光玻璃微加工技术

为了研究飞秒激光作用下光学玻璃内部发生的改性过程,利用重复频率为1kHz、中心波长为775am、脉宽为130fs的飞秒激光对光学玻璃进行微加工．结果表明,激光辐照区发生永久性折射率改变,并且玻璃的改性线宽随着激光功率的增加而增加,随激光扫描速度的降低而增加．根据飞秒激光致使光学玻璃发生改性的特点,利用飞秒激光在光学玻璃内部直接刻写了相位光栅和二维图案,研究了相位光栅的衍射特性．     

基于全息图放大的数字全息显微结构测量

针对典型预放大数字显微全息光路中存在的二次位相误差,本文设计了基于全息图放大的数字全息显微光路。此设计中,光束首先照射透明显微物体,然后与平行参考光干涉,形成全息图,最后经显微镜获得放大的全息图。这种光路从系统上直接消除了主要由球面波引起的位相畸变,有利于数字处理及实时化。作者以位相光栅(30 lines/mm,槽深约0.3 µm)作为实验样本,对此光路进行了分析研究,并分别用菲涅耳近似法和卷积法再现单幅全息图,同时获取了物体的强度信息和三维位相信息,位相深度的计算结果为0.27 µm。结果表明本文设计的光路对二次位相产生的离焦误差有明显的抑制作用。     

飞秒激光旋切不锈钢微孔实验研究

为了解决飞秒激光高脉冲能量冲击打孔中时存在微裂纹等问题,提出了飞秒激光旋切加工方法。本文利用脉宽为120 fs的飞秒激光,选择0.5 mm厚度的304不锈钢进行旋切打孔实验。实验研究了激光旋切加工中离焦量和光楔的相对偏转角对孔直径的影响,以及激光离焦量对微孔锥度的影响。结果表明,随着离焦量的增大,孔径增大,同时锥度会减小后增加,当离焦量为0时,锥度最小为3.5°;微孔直径随之双光楔相对转角的增大而增大。此外实验发现冲击打孔孔壁出现微裂纹而旋切微孔的孔壁出现了纳米周期性条纹。     

飞秒激光作用下金属箔材的温度场研究

为分析飞秒激光作用下金属材料的温度场及其影响因素,基于一维双温模型对飞秒激光作用下铜箔的温度场进行数值求解。采用脉宽100～800 fs,能量密度509.30～2 546.48 J/m2的激光参数进行计算,研究电子和晶格温度随时间和深度的变化规律。结果表明,电子温度在10-13 s时间尺度达到峰值,在此期间晶格温度保持不变,此后通过耦合作用二者在几ps时间尺度达到热平衡;脉宽越短,电子温升越快、峰值温度越高、耦合时间越短;而能量密度越大,电子温升越快、峰值温度越高、耦合时间越长。     

治疗超声系统中换能器声学性能的声全息法评估

换能器的聚焦特性等声学性能是治疗超声系统的重要参数之一,在出厂前和日常维护中须精确测量。目前常用的水听器测量法结果准确,但受声压幅度及测量效率的限制,高功率量程的声功率计造价较高;而基于声全息的表面振动模式测量法可作为高声压下水听器和声功率计测量法的补充,测量小声压平面并对高幅度声压焦域进行重建。为评估声全息法的准确性,文章研究了在小声压下使用基于声全息的表面振动模式测量法对声场进行测量和重建,分析该方法与水听器测量结果之间的功率和声压误差,以及影响误差的重要参数。结果表明,基于声全息的表面振动模式测量法可重建得到与水听器直接测量相近的结果,有望对高声压下工作的换能器的声场特性进行评估。     

Comparisons of experimental and theoretical frequencies for rectangular plates with various boundary conditions and added masses

This paper is concerned with a vibration analysis of rectangular plates with masses mounted on various locations. The edges of the plates may either be clamped or simply supported. The study is particularly useful in the understanding of the vibration of printed circuit boards used in the electronics industry. An energy method is developed to obtain analytical frequencies of the plates with various edge support conditions. The analytical procedure using the Rayleigh-Ritz approach is adopted in which each of single and multiple trigonometric series terms is used to represent the shape function. Two experimental methods, a spectrum analyser and a TV-holographic system, are used to study the behaviour of the plate vibrations. The holographic image produced at the corresponding mode frequencies by using the TV-holography technique has been applied to verify the frequency spectra obtained from the spectrum analyser. The experimental results have been used to illustrate the validity of the analytical model. The comparisons show that the analytical model predicts natural frequencies reasonably well, in which the EM 100-term model is suggested for vibration plates with higher modes or heavier loads.     

气溶胶OT 修饰的PbS 纳米粒子飞秒反饱和吸收

目的制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒,测定其超快非线性光学特性. 方法利用微乳液法制备表面经AOT修饰的PbS纳米微粒并利用飞秒激光技术研究其超快光学性质. 结果观察到超快反饱和吸收过程,弛豫时间约为100fs. 结论超快反饱和吸收来源于双激子效应和捕获载流子诱导的斯塔克效应,样品表面的化学修饰环境对超快非线性光学性质有很大的影响.     

Intramolecular Charge Transfer of 1-Aminoanthraquinone and Ultrafast Solvation Dynamics of Dimethylsulfoxide

The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of 1-aminoanthraquinone (AAQ) in the excited state strongly depends on its solvent properties, and the twisted geometry of its amino group has been recommended for the twisted ICT (TICT) state by recent theoretical works. We report the transient Raman spectra of AAQ in a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution by femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy to provide clear experimental evidence for the TICT state of AAQ. The ultrafast (~110 fs) TICT dynamics of AAQ were observed from the major vibrational modes of AAQ including the ν_C-N + δ_CH and ν_C=O modes. The coherent oscillations in the vibrational bands of AAQ strongly coupled to the nuclear coordinate for the TICT process have been observed, which showed its anharmonic coupling to the low frequency out of the plane deformation modes. The vibrational mode of solvent DMSO, ν_S=O showed a decrease in intensity, especially in the hydrogen-bonded species of DMSO, which clearly shows that the solvation dynamics of DMSO, including hydrogen bonding, are crucial to understanding the reaction dynamics of AAQ with the ultrafast structural changes accompanying the TICT.