Construction of transmission lines above valuable standing timber

Problems with the construction of transmission lines above a forest are examined. Construction of lines above standing timber makes it possible to shorten the length of the route, eliminate the clearing of a continuous swath along the line, and reduce the volume of in-service work. To implement this solution, it is necessary to introduce changes and supplements to existing regulatory technical documents. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 10, October 2007, pp. 48–51.     

光纤光栅的长度对其峰值反射率的影响

利用耦合模理论,数值分析了当光纤光栅(FBG)折射率变化为均匀分布、直流切趾高斯分布时,光纤光栅长度对其峰值反射率的影响。研究结果对光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器的设计和性能优化具有重要的意义。     

Alternating,all-trans polyenynes: Model compounds for poly(diacetylene)s with defined conjugation length

The syntheses of polyenynes as model compounds for poly(diacetylene)s (PDAs) are described. Variation of properties (UV–VIS, Raman, NMR and bond geometries) as a function of the chain length was investigated. After extrapolation to infinite chain length these data were compared to those for PDAs. From UV–VIS spectra a value of λ = 551 nm (2.25 eV) was calculated corresponding to the electronic transition of a single polyenyne chain. This energy is located at the low energy end of a yellow PDA solution spectrum. From Raman scattering v_(C?C) = 2108–2128 cm^?1 and v_(C?C) = 1505–1532 cm^?1 were calculated after extrapolation. Similarly sp-C¹³C NMR data yielded a shift of δ = 100 ppm. These data are almost identical to data known for yellow PDA solutions. Bond geometries are almost identical to those of poly(diacetylene)s and theoretical data.     

定向爆破拆除高危烟囱的实践

通过对已产生纵向裂缝、倾斜和基部风化剥蚀严重的高危烟囱的定向（向倾斜相反方向）倒塌爆破实践表明：设计中选用爆破参数及施工措施是有效的。     

Machining with tool–chip contact on the tool secondary rake face—Part II: analysis and discussion

The forces, chip thickness, and natural tool–chip contact length in machining with a double-rake-angled tool are predicted in Part II of the present study. It is revealed that in comparison with a single-rake-angled tool, a double-rake-angled tool increases the forces, especially the thrust force. However, the increase in chip thickness and tool–chip contact length is not significant under the input conditions specified in the present study. The effect of seven input variables of the proposed model is quantitatively investigated. The predicted variations of forces, chip thickness, and natural tool–chip contact length are in good agreement with theoretical and experimental results obtained by other researchers. The interrelationships among the resultant force, the chip thickness, and the natural tool–chip contact length are established, which provides a new and promising method to estimate the tool–chip contact length by employing the resultant force. It is demonstrated that the model can also be extended to study the problem of machining with a groove-type chip breaker tool.     

ADSS光缆的力学计算

介绍了ADSS光缆的力学计算，给出了光缆弧垂、张力、应变和悬长等计算公式，并对普遍采用的“悬链线”和“抛物线”两种计算方法加以比较。     

Life task appraisals, spouse involvement in strategies, and daily affect among short- and long-term married couples.

The purpose of this study was to examine predictors and consequences of spouses' involvement in each others' strategies for pursuing important personal goals called life tasks. Husbands and wives within 39 short- and long-term marriages described five life tasks and provided appraisals of whether each was shared with their spouse. Participants later completed 14 consecutive diary entries recording daily life task pursuit strategies, the extent of spouse involvement in each, and measures of positive and negative affect. Results indicated that interdependence in life task appraisals prospectively predicted greater spouse involvement, and greater spouse involvement was associated with more positive affect for that day. Life task appraisals may provide avenues for understanding couples' strategies for dealing with goals or stressors and how those strategies affect mood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of temperature on the development of the yam moth, Dasyses rugosella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)

Studies on the effect of temperature on the development of the yam moth, Dasyses rugosella Stainton were carried out in the laboratory at four different temperatures, 20°C, 24°C, 29°C and 33°C. The mean fecundity per female at 20°C, 24°C, 29°C and 33°C was 37.6±1.9, 84.2±2.7, 112.3±3.9 and 109.3±3.9 eggs, respectively. Oviposition period ranged from 4.7 days at 20°C to 2.9 days at 33°C. Hatchability of eggs was highest at 29°C with 70.0% and lowest at 20°C with 15.0%. The developmental time decreased with increase in temperature. The mean developmental time at 20°C, 24°C, 29°C and 33°C was 13.8±0.3, 7.8±0.2, 5.1±0.2 and 3.9±0.2 days for the egg, 90.0±0.7, 50.1±0.7, 36.1±0.8 and 23.6±0.8 days for the larval stages, 22.3±2.6, 12.2±0.2, 10.1±0.1, and 7.8±0.2 days for the pupa and 126.1±0.8, 70.1±0.8, 51.3±0.9, and 35.1±0.8 days for the period from egg hatching to adult emergence, respectively. Since fecundity, oviposition and development of the moth were impaired at 20°C, storage of yam tubers at low temperatures (well below 20°C but not lower than 12°C to avoid chilling injury) will significantly retard the development of D. rugosella and help in its control. Unmated individuals lived longer than their mated counterparts. Adult females were always larger than the males. The wing span of the female ranges from 16.9-18.5 and in males from 13.0-15.0 mm. The body length for males ranged from 5.0-6.5 and was 6.5-9.0 mm for females.     

Focal adhesion interactions with topographical structures: a novel method for immuno-SEM labelling of focal adhesions in S-phase cells

Current understanding of the mechanisms involved in osseointegration following implantation of a biomaterial has led to adhesion quantification being implemented as an assay of cytocompatibility. Such measurement can be hindered by intra-sample variation owing to morphological changes associated with the cell cycle. Here we report on a new scanning electron microscopical method for the simultaneous immunogold labelling of cellular focal adhesions and S-phase nuclei identified by BrdU incorporation. Prior to labelling, cellular membranes are removed by tritonization and antigens of non-interest blocked by serum incubation. Adhesion plaque–associated vinculin and S-phase nuclei were both separately labelled with a 1.4 nm gold colloid and visualized by subsequent colloid enhancement via silver deposition. This study is specifically concerned with the effects microgroove topographies have on adhesion formation in S-phase osteoblasts. By combining backscattered electron (BSE) imaging with secondary electron (SE) imaging it was possible to visualize S-phase nuclei and the immunogold-labelled adhesion sites in one energy 'plane' and the underlying nanotopography in another. Osteoblast adhesion to these nanotopographies was ascertained by quantification of adhesion complex formation.