Nature inspired algorithms to optimize robot workcell layouts

Multi-objective layout optimization methods for the conceptual design of robot cellular manufacturing systems are proposed in this paper. Robot cellular manufacturing systems utilize one or more flexible robots which can carry out a large number of operations, and can conduct flexible assemble processes. The layout design stage of such manufacturing systems is especially important since fundamental performances of the manufacturing system under consideration are determined at this stage. Layout area, operation time and manipulability of robot are the three important criteria when it comes to designing manufacturing system. The use of nature inspired algorithms are not extensively explored to optimize robot workcell layouts. The contribution in this paper is the use of five nature-inspired algorithms, viz. genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), artificial bee colony (ABC), charge search system (CSS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms and to optimize the three design criteria simultaneously. Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is used to handle multiple objectives and to obtain pareto solutions for the problems considered. The performance of sequence pair and B*-Tree layout representation schemes are also evaluated. It is found that sequence pair scheme performs better than B*-Tree representation and it is used in the algorithms. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed methods. It is observed that PSO performs better over the other algorithms in terms of solution quality.     

生物本体的研究与应用概况

生物本体是生物领域的科学知识与人工智能领域的本体方法有机结合的产物,用来建立生物科研领域的知识结构和概念模型。生物本体的研究对生物领域内部及相邻领域间的交流与合作具有重要推动作用。本文在简要介绍本体概念的基础上,阐述了生物本体的基本特点与研究意义,并分析了国内外多种生物本体的发展、研究与应用现状。     

A Proposal for Implementing Multi-User Data Base (MUD) Technology in and Academic Library

Multi-user Data base (MUD) technology, and its object-oriented descendant (MOO), is one of the most exciting tools to surface on the Internet, and offers libraries and librarians a unique opportunity to participate in creating user-friendly standardized interfaces to many of our most frequently used resources. These resources include those we access through the Internet already, using gopher, telnet, WWW, and FTP, and also those proprietary databases that we currently access through leased lines such as OCLC First Search, Prism, DIALOG, and many others. MOO technology is already being used successfully to create user-extensible collaborative professional environments for educators, astronomers, and computer network systems administrators. With the growing relevance of the Internet for libraries and other information professionals, it behooves the library community to engage those emerging technologies which will aloow us to interface most effectively with the Internet and its many resources, with the proprietary databases which we depend on, and with one another.     

Systems of representation: a pedagogical model for design education in the information age

Abstract

The course SDR: Sistemas de Representación(Systems of Representation), is the last stage of a line of work which has the objective of integrating information technologies in the education of architecture in a meaningful way. A distinctive mark of this pedagogic approach has been to look upon computer technology as an opportunity to rethink the methods, contents and goals of architecturaleducation,in thelight of contemporary culture.

The course is structured in six themes, each one standing for a ‘system of representation’: ‘text’, ‘figure’, ‘object’, ‘image’, ‘space’ and ‘light’. Within every system, a variety of issues dealing with the concept of ‘representation’ are addressed in an interdisciplinary manner. It is a compulsory course lasting three semesters, in the second and third year of a five-year architectural program. It has been offered since the academic year 1999/2000.     

Conceptual equivalence for contrast mining in classification learning

Learning often occurs through comparing. In classification learning, in order to compare data groups, most existing methods compare either raw instances or learned classification rules against each other. This paper takes a different approach, namely conceptual equivalence, that is, groups are equivalent if their underlying concepts are equivalent while their instance spaces do not necessarily overlap and their rule sets do not necessarily present the same appearance. A new methodology of comparing is proposed that learns a representation of each group’s underlying concept and respectively cross-exams one group’s instances by the other group’s concept representation. The innovation is fivefold. First, it is able to quantify the degree of conceptual equivalence between two groups. Second, it is able to retrace the source of discrepancy at two levels: an abstract level of underlying concepts and a specific level of instances. Third, it applies to numeric data as well as categorical data. Fourth, it circumvents direct comparisons between (possibly a large number of) rules that demand substantial effort. Fifth, it reduces dependency on the accuracy of employed classification algorithms. Empirical evidence suggests that this new methodology is effective and yet simple to use in scenarios such as noise cleansing and concept-change learning.     

Efficient embedded wavelet codec based on list structure

A new efficient image codec called embedded wavelet coding based on list structure (EWCBL) is proposed in this paper. By combining the techniques of morphological representation and quadtree partitioning, EWCBL effectively exploits both within-subband clustering and cross-subband similarity of wavelet coefficients. Based on the list structure, a fine fractional bit-plane coding is employed to achieve excellent rate-distortion performance. The patterned morphological dilation is introduced to greatly reduce the redundant test operations. Experimental results show that the proposed EWCBL outperforms state-of-the-art embedded codecs for both lossy and lossless compression. Moreover, the good performance and features of embeddedness and scalability are achieved with relatively low complexity.     

一种基于语义及统计分析的Deep Web实体识别机制

分析了常见的实体识别方法,提出了一种基于语义及统计分析的实体识别机制(deep Web entity identification mechanism based on semantics and statistical analysis,简称SS-EIM),能够有效解决Deep Web数据集成中数据纠错、消重及整合等问题.SS-EIM主要由文本匹配模型、语义分析模型和分组统计模型组成,采用文本粗略匹配、表象关联关系获取以及分组统计分析的三段式逐步求精策略,基于文本特征、语义信息及约束规则来不断精化识别结果;根据可获取的有限的实例信息,采用静态分析、动态协调相结合的自适应知识维护策略,构建和完善表象关联知识库,以适应Web数据的动态性并保证表象关联知识的完备性.通过实验验证了SS-EIM中所采用的关键技术的可行性和有效性.     

Integrating scientific modeling and supporting dynamic hazard management with a GeoAgent-based representation of human–environment interactions: A drought example in Central Pennsylvania, USA

Recent natural disasters indicate that modern technologies for environmental monitoring, modeling, and forecasting are not well integrated with cross-level social responses in many hazard-management systems. This research addresses this problem through a Java-based multi-agent prototype system, GeoAgent-based Knowledge System (GeoAgentKS). This system allows: (1) computer representation of institutional regulations and behavioral rules used by multiple social institutions and individuals in cross-level human–environment interactions, (2) integration of this representation with scientific modeling of dynamic hazard development, and (3) application of automated reasoning that suggests to users the appropriate actions for supporting cooperative social responses. This paper demonstrates the software architecture of GeoAgentKS and presents such an integrated approach by modeling the drought management processes in Central Pennsylvania, USA. The results show that it is possible to use GeoAgentKS to represent multilevel human–environment interactions and to use those interactions as input to decision making in hazard management.     

话题发现与追踪技术研究

话题发现与追踪以新闻流为处理对象,采用基于事件的信息组织方式进行研究,一直是自然语言处理领域里的热点。该研究借鉴大量相关研究尤其是信息检索中的经典模型和方法,取得了很大成功。首先介绍了话题发现与追踪的主要研究内容、评价方法以及发展历史;然后对其多个研究内容提出一个统一研究框架,并对该框架中的关键技术进行了详细分析;最后指出该领域中的关键问题及难点,并对未来研究做出展望。     

Approximation processes for resolvent operators

We introduce general sequences of linear operators obtained from classical approximation processes which are useful in the approximation of the resolvent operators of the generators of suitable C ₀-semigroups. The main aim is the representation of the resolvent operators in terms of classical approximation operators. Work performed under the auspices of PRIN 2006–07 “Kolmogorov equations” (coordinator G. Da Prato)