锡酞菁及其磺化衍生物的合成与性质研究

以苯酐和氯化亚锡为原料,采用固相法合成锡酞菁(SnPc),再和发烟硫酸反应合成磺化锡酞菁(SnPcS)。用元素分析,红外光谱,紫外光谱对它们进行了表征。结果表明:磺化锡酞菁的溶解性比锡酞菁要大得多;热稳定性研究发现,磺化锡酞菁从100℃开始失去磺酸基,400℃酞菁环才开始分解;且磺化锡酞菁在水中的氧化还原过程具有可逆性;同时,对磺化锡酞菁的电子光谱进行了研究。     

化学镀Ni-P在纯锡凸点的应用及界面研究

采用化学镀Ni-P作UBM阻挡层,利用电镀的方法制备了面阵列和周边排布的无铅纯锡凸点,凸点高度为85±2μm,一致性良好。研究了不同回流温度下纯锡焊球的剪切强度、断裂模式和与Ni-P层反应生成的金属间化合物。结果表明,纯锡凸点回流时与Ni-P生成针状Ni3Sn4,凸点剪切强度达到92MPa以上。剪切断裂为韧性断裂,随着回流温度提高及回流时间延长,Ni3Sn4相由针状向块状转变,Ni-P层与Ni3Sn4层间生成层状Ni3P相,粗化的Ni3Sn4相受压应力向焊球内部脱落。     

低团聚掺锑氧化锡纳米微粉的制备

以SnCl4?5H2O和SbCl3乙醇溶液为原料,用阴离子树脂交换除氯水解法制得无Cl–的掺锑氢氧化锡胶体沉淀。并用乙酸异戊酯作脱水剂。结果表明,用乙酸异戊酯共沸蒸馏干燥法能有效防止粉体的硬团聚,得到了比表面积为284.43m2/g掺锑氢氧化锡微粉。热处理后得到了低硬团聚、电阻率为0.405?·cm的掺锑氧化锡纳米晶体。     

锡粒氧化–水热法合成纳米二氧化锡

采用锡粒氧化–水热法,合成了纳米二氧化锡粉体,并用FT-IR,XRD,TEM和DTA等测试手段,对其结构和形貌进行了表征。研究了反应温度、时间、介质及压力对粉体粒度、形貌的影响。结果表明,在180℃水热反应12h,可以得到粒径为4~10nm具有四方相锡石型的二氧化锡粉体;以无水乙醇为反应介质时粒子间的团聚程度明显降低;增大反应压力,颗粒间的团聚程度减小。     

Antiwear properties of complex compounds of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) in lubrication of a bronze-steel contact

The wear characteristics of metal-organic chelate additives containing tin bonded to aliphatic dicarboxylic acids were investigated on a reciprocating motion test machine in lubrication of a steel-bronze contact. It was found that both the valence state of the tin and the chain lengths of the dicarboxylic acids affected the wear results. All the compounds reduce wear effectively and, at pressures below 1.76 MPa, they assure zero ZDTP and SnDTP additives in the steel-steel concentrated contact using the standard four-ball machine.     

2D/2D SnS2/MoS2 layered heterojunction for enhanced supercapacitor performance

Two-dimensional (2D) SnS₂/MoS₂ heterojunction with a 2D/2D novel structure was used as electrode material for enhanced supercapacitor performance. Compared with the sole SnS₂, the as-prepared 2D/2D SnS₂/MoS₂ layered heterojunction has exhibited great improvement in supercapacitor properties. This novel structure can effectively prevent agglomeration and stacking in electrochemical process, and 2D/2D structure is beneficial to intercalation and desorption of ions in electrochemical processes. The experiment result shows that MoSn₅ (samples with 5% MoSn5 mole ratios) display a specific capacitance of 466.6 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g in 0.5 mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, an impressive cycling stability with 88.2% capacitance retention at current density of 4 A/g. In addition, the as-fabricated symmetric supercapacitor exhibited high energy density of 115 Wh kg⁻¹ at the power density of 2230 Wh kg⁻¹. This work provides a fundamental investigation of 2D/2D layered material synergistic effect on the electrochemical process.     

锂二次电池SnO2-MCMB复合负极材料的研究

用直接沉淀法将氧化锡颗粒沉积在中间相碳微球(MCMB)核心上,制备了一种锂离子电池用的新型复合负极材料.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对材料的结构及形貌进行了表征.通过恒流充放电、交流阻抗等测试手段对该材料的嵌脱锂特性进行了研究,循环20周后其比容量仍然保持在420mAh/g以上.电化学测试表明,此种复合物可以作为一种锂离子电池新型负极材料.     

Friction and wear of copper/lead and aluminium/tin filled polyamide coatings

The friction and wear of steel pins coated with filled polyamides and loaded against a rotating cylinder of bearing steel were tested under dry, lubricated, and abrasive contaminated conditions. The filler materials were copper/lead and aluminium/tin powders. The test results show a significant reduction in friction with the Cu/Pb filled polyamides (8 wt.% Cu, 12 wt.% Pb, and 80 wt.% PA6). The Al/Sn filled polyamides (3 wt.% Al, 2 wt.% Sn, and 95 wt.% PA6) showed the best wear resistance, accompanied by an increase in the coefficient of friction.     

纳米铋掺杂二氧化锡/水性聚氨酯复合材料

以自制纳米铋掺杂二氧化锡(nano-BTO)分散浆料和水性聚氨酯(PU)为原料,采用共混法制备nano-BTO/水性聚氨酯杂合材料。运用zeta电位仪、激光粒度仪和TEM等研究了nano-BTO的zeta电位分布及其分散。结果表明,nano-BTO浆料的等电点在pH=6附近;采用硅烷偶联剂KH-550和高分子分散剂DP-518对nano-BTO粉体进行分散处理可获得良好分散性的水性浆料。采用紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计和自制的隔热测试装置等研究了nano-BTO/氨酯杂合材料的力学性能、光学性能和热学性能。结果表明,当nano-BTO含量为1.0%时,涂膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到了9.23 MPa、223%,可见光透射率约为70%,其隔热效果同比纯PU膜可降温达8℃以上。     

碳包覆锡锑合金纳米纤维的制备及应用

以氧化锡锑纳米颗粒(Sn0.92Sb0.08O2.04)为前驱体,葡萄糖为碳源,用水热合成法制备碳包覆锡锑合金,然后采用静电纺丝技术制备碳包覆Sn Sb/C纳米纤维。应用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对碳包覆锡锑合金纳米颗粒及纤维的形貌进行表征,利用X射线衍射仪分析了碳包覆锡锑合金混合纳米纤维的晶型结构。研究了碳包覆Sn Sb/C纳米纤维作为一种高容量锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,成功制备了碳包覆锡锑合金纳米纤维;随着纳米纤维中碳包覆锡锑合金含量的增加,制备的负极材料具有较高的可逆容量及较好的循环性能。