Challenges and R&D opportunities of smart distribution grids in China

In this paper, 5 investigations on the current states of power distribution grids in China have been introduced that cover the surveys of the practical distribution asset utilization, the simultaneity factor of feeder loading, the load compositions and characteristics, the urban reliability and the integration of distributed generations of renewable resources. Based on the survey results in the investigations, 12 Facts are clearly presented. It shows that the challenges to modernize the distribution grids in China are to improve the asset utilization rates, the electricity efficiencies and the reliability of distribution systems, as well as to integrate increasing amount of variable distributed renewable resources. Furthermore based on the challenges, 8 R&D opportunities have been identified.     

B&WB-1950/25.41-M型超临界直流锅炉启动系统的调试

在介绍B&WB-1950/25.41-M型超临界直流锅炉启动系统构成的基础上,分析启动系统的调试情况,并对启动系统调试中发现的主要问题进行分析,并提出解决办法。     

我国发电行业能效状况分析

发电行业在完成能源转换的同时,也是自身消耗能源较大的重点行业。文章简要介绍了我国发电行业的节能成绩和效益,分析了不同机组能效情况和主要技术经济指标,指出了“十一五”发电能效影响因素和节能目标,提出了主要技术政策措施建议。     

电网短路电流限制技术探析

为提高系统运行的安全性及稳定性,降低故障大电流已成为一种迫切需求.文章首先介绍了当前短路电流的发展水平,并对现有的限流技术进行了概述,且简要分析了限流技术中各自的优缺点,最后对限流应用的未来提出了展望.     

采用DOE实验设计方法改进电容器级铌粉酸洗工艺

采用DOE实验设计方法,对制备电容器用铌粉的酸洗除杂工艺进行研究,确定了影响铌粉性能的关键因素是酸洗除杂工艺使用酸的浓度和酸洗时间。通过关键因素的全因子正交试验,对产品质量和工艺参数进行量化分析,确定最佳的酸洗工艺,可有效减低和控制电容器级铌粉中的主要C、O非金属及Fe、Ni、Cr金属杂质含量,降低电容器级铌粉的漏电流和损耗,提高电容器级铌粉的性能。     

A Novel Crowbar Impulse Current Circuit for Testing the Switch-Type SPD

A crowbar impulse current circuit for testing the switch-type surge protective device （SPD） is presented. The crowbar circuit consists of a computer control circuit, a trigger voltage pulse generator, a main discharging switch, and a crowbar pseudospark switch. The active trigger technology was studied in the crowbar impulse current circuit. The circuit monitors the main discharging current and generates a trigger signal at a proper time for the crowbar pseudospark switch operation. The trigger characteristics of the main discharge switch and the crowbar pseu- dospark switch were investigated. By monitoring the preset applied capacitor voltage, the gap distance of the main discharging switch could be adjusted to ensure a discharging delay time less than 2 μs. Equipped with a surface ttashover trigger device made of high relative perimittivity dielectric material BaTiO3 （εr = 3460）, the discharge delay time of the crowbar pseudospark switch is less than 85 ns, and the minimum operating voltage is less than 1% of its self-breakdown voltage. With a storage capacitor of 9 μF , an inductor of 18 μH and a crowbar pseudospark switch, a load of 30 mΩ and an applied capacitor voltage of 40 kV, an impulse current waveform of maximum 25 kA was generated with a rise time and time to half peak value of 17.2 μs and 336μs respectively.     

一个机组供电的晶体管稳流电源

1983年我们制作了一台由机组供电的晶体管稳流电源,取代原苏制BT-4稳流装置,作为ЭГ-2.5质子静电加速器分析磁铁的激磁电源。主要技术指标为:(1)额定输出直流电压100 V;(2)额定输出直流电流30 A;(3)电流调节范围0—30 A;(4)电流稳定度为±1.4×10~(-5)(当负载变化±10%时),±1.0×10~(-5)(当电网电压变化±10%时);(5)长时间漂移为2.3×10~(-5)/h,5.26×10~(-5)/8 h;(6)电流纹波为8.7×10~(-5)。     

一种带有泵升电容的新型高增益升压直流变换器

为了满足分布式发电系统中必须把太阳能、燃料电池和蓄电池输入的低压直流转换为高压的要求,在传统型升压直流变换器的基础上,提出了一种基于双电感和泵升电容的新型拓扑结构。该拓扑结构利用电感和电容的并联充电、串联放电特性,较好地实现了低占空比条件下高电压增益的目标。最后,分析了该拓扑结构在3种不同电感条件下的工作原理,并通过仿真验证了上述理论分析的正确性。     

电子式电流互感器高压侧自励源供能方法研究

介绍了一种直接从高压母线获取工作电源的电子式电流互感器结构方案,讨论了‘自励源’设计中的若干问题及应对策略,提出磁场取能方案中的限流‘漏斗结构’,给出了整机实验结果。     

伊敏─冯屯500kV同塔双回线路不平衡度、感应电流及潜供电流研究

本文针对３８１ｋｍ伊敏－冯屯１５００ｋＶ线路中１９０ｋｍ采用同塔双回线布置后可能出现的特殊问题，如双回线布置和换位方式对系统不平衡度的影响，双回线间感应电流以及潜供电流变化问题，进行了分析计算。