Ultrafast and Stable Li-(De)intercalation in a Large Single Crystal H-Nb2O5 Anode via Optimizing the Homogeneity of Electron and Ion Transport

Exploring anode materials with fast, safe, and stable Li-(de)intercalation is of great significance for developing next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Monoclinic H-type niobium pentoxide possesses outstanding intrinsic fast Li-(de)intercalation kinetics, high specific capacity, and safety; however, its practical rate capability and cycling stability are still limited, ascribed to the asynchronism of phase change throughout the crystals. Herein this problem is addressed by homogenizing the electron and Li-ion conductivity surrounding the crystals. An amorphous N-doped carbon layer is introduced on the micrometer single-crystal H-Nb₂O₅ particle to optimize the homogeneity of electron and Li-ion transport. As a result, the as-prepared H-Nb₂O₅ exhibits high reversible capacity (>250 mAh g⁻¹ at 50 mA g⁻¹), unprecedented high-rate performance (≈120 mAh g⁻¹ at 16.0 A g⁻¹) and excellent cycling stability (≈170 mAh g⁻¹ at 2.0 A g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles), which is by far the highest performance among the H-Nb₂O₅ materials. The inherent principle is further confirmed via operando transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A novel insight into the further development of electrode materials forlithium-ion batteries is thus provided.     

Ultralong-life and high-rate web-like Li4Ti5O12 anode for high-performance flexible lithium-ion batteries

Flexible lithium ion batteries （LIBs） have recently attracted increasing attention as they show unique promising advantages, such as flexibility, shape diversity, and light weight. Similar to conventional LIBs, flexible LIBs with long cycle life and high-rate performance are very important for applications of high performance flexible electronics. Herein, we report a three-dimensional （3D） web-like binderfree Li4Ti5O12 （LTO） anode assembled from numerous 1D nanowires exhibiting excellent cycling performance with high capacities of 153 and 115 mA·h·g^-1 after 5,000 cycles at 2 C and 20 C, respectively, and excellent rate property with a capacity of 103 mA·h·g^-1 even at a very high current rate of 80 C. Surprisingly, a flexible full battery assembled from the web-like LTO nanostructure and LiMn2O4 （LMO） nanorods exhibited a high capacity of 125 mA·h·g^-1 at high current rate of 20 C, and showed excellent flexibility with little performance degradation even in seriously bent states.     

Analysis for Microscopic Hyperbolic Two-Step Heat Transfer Problems

This work analyzes the heat transfer problems in thin metal films using the microscopic hyperbolic two-step model. It is necessary in dealing with such problems to solve a set of the coupled energy equations or an equation containing higher-order mixed derivatives in both time and space. This present numerical scheme eliminates the coupling between energy equations with the Laplace transform technique and leads to a second-order governing differential equation in the transform domain. Afterward, the transformed second-order governing differential equation is discretized by the control volume scheme. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the present numerical scheme, a comparison between the present numerical results and the analytical solution is made. Theoretical insight into the hyperbolic two-step heat conduction is provided. Results show that the thermal propagation velocity is finite and is independent of the coupling factor and the volumetric heat capacity ratio between electrons and the lattice.     

基于单片机的非隔离电池大电流测试系统

针对钛酸锂电池大倍率放电电流检测问题,文中设计了一种基于单片机的非隔离钛酸锂电池大倍率放电全自动循环测试系统,可快捷测试钛酸锂电池在大倍率放电条件下的电压电流变化特性。该系统使用非隔离的采样电路记录钛酸锂电池在放电过程中电压与电流变化情况。以最低成本,并满足采样精度的条件下得到了钛酸锂电池在大倍率放电条件下的电压与电流变化曲线,与示波器采集得到的曲线进行对比分析,验证了系统采样结果的正确性。     

热处理对包含正二十面体准晶相Ti1.4V0.6Ni合金电极的电化学性能的影响（英文）

研究了热处理前后Ti1.4V0.6Ni合金的结构和电化学性能。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)方法分析合金的结构。电化学特性包括放电容量、循环稳定性和高倍率放电性能等。XRD衍射分析表明,在590°C热处理30min的合金,主要包含正二十面体准晶相、Ti2Ni(FCC)相、V基固溶相(BCC)和C14Laves相(Hex)。电化学测试显示,热处理后在30°C和放电电流密度为30mA/g的条件下,合金电极的最大放电容量可达330.9mA·h/g,并且循环稳定性和高倍率放电性能也得到改善。此外,通过电化学阻抗和合金内部氢的扩散系数研究了合金电极的动力学性能。     

Effect of Temperature on Structure and Electrode Properties of LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3M0.3 Hydrogen Storage Alloys

对LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3M0.3 (M=Ni, Al, Cu)储氢合金在238,273,303和323 K温度下的结构和电化学性能进行了一系列的实验研究。A,B,C分别代表LaNi4.1Co0.6Mn0.3（Ni替代）,LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3Al0.3（Al替代）和LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3Cu0.3（Cu替代）3种储氢合金,通过X射线衍射仪分别对样品A,B,C的结构进行了研究,对样品A,B,C合金粉末制成的电极进行了模拟电池测试。结果证实,制备的合金均由具有CaCu5型六方晶格结构的LaNi5相构成。3种合金中,Cu替代的合金电极低温性能得到改善,Al替代的合金电极高温放电能力得到提高。交流阻抗图谱分析表明,B合金电极样品的高温放电能力提高是由于合金电极表面形成的致密氧化膜层减缓了合金腐蚀所致,样品B,C的高倍率性能衰退是由于电极表面的充放转移反应和氢原子扩散速率下降造成的,而样品C的优良低温性能则是合金电极表面高的充放电转移反应速率所致。     

沉淀/高速气浮联用技术用于给水厂改造

为了解决由于高藻水源水引发的产水量下降、滤池反冲洗周期缩短、出水余铝超标、投药量大幅增加以及出水嗅味严重等问题,采用沉淀/高速气浮联用技术对水厂的平流沉淀池进行改造(不增加占地),并加设静态混合器,改善絮凝剂的混合效果.改造后的运行结果表明,出水水质完全满足国家饮用水卫生标准,高藻暴发期间投药量仅为改造前的1/3.     

熔炼掺杂对AB5型贮氢合金的结构和性能影响

为了探索一种新的掺杂方式对AB5型贮氢合金性能的影响,采用熔炼掺杂方法,研究了掺杂适量TiMn1.5合金(掺杂量为4％、8％的TiMn1.5)对成分为La0.7Ni2.65Co0.75Mn0.1的AB5型贮氢合金的结构及性能影响.XRD测试结果证实:掺杂后合金的主相仍为LaNi5相,生成了少量(NiCo)3 Ti相.(...     

石墨烯对功率型锂离子电池性能的影响

考察了锂离子电池正极中加入石墨烯后,不同含量对锂离子电池倍率性能、循环性能、荷电保持、高温存储性能的影响.实验结果表明：石墨烯导电性能优于Super P,与超导炭黑相当;0.5％石墨烯导电性能不能取代1.0％Super P;石墨烯可以提高电芯85℃/4h存储、60℃/7 d荷电性能.