7-nitroindazole attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced spatial learning deficits and dopamine neuron loss in a presymptomatic animal model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons (>50%) in the substantia nigra (SN) precedes most of the overt motor symptoms, making early diagnosis and treatment interventions difficult. Because PD has been associated with free radicals generated by nitric oxide, this study tested whether treatments of 7-nitroindazole (7NI), a nitric-oxide-synthase inhibitor, could reduce cognitive deficits that often emerge before overt motor symptoms in a presymptomatic rat model of PD. Rats were given intraperitoneal injections of 50 mg/kg 7NI (or vehicle) just before receiving bilateral, intrastriatal injections of the DA-toxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The rats were then given a battery of motor tasks, and their learning ability was assessed using a spatial reversal task in a water-T maze. Results indicate that 7NI treatments attenuate 6-OHDA-induced spatial learning deficits and protect against DA cell loss in the SN, suggesting that 7NI may have potential as an early, presymptomatic pharmacotherapy for PD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Immunohistochemical processing of tissue which allows for embedding in Araldite®, and orientation and correlation between light and electron microscopic staining

This paper describes a simple and efficient method for the immmunohistochemical processing of tissue sections on glass slides and the subsequent transfer of the entire section to an Araldite® medium. These sections present in one plane can then be orientated and when cut provide the user with whole tissue, free from gaps due to folding. This procedure therefore enables the changes in protein concentration and distribution to be assessed and correlated within and between different cells at the light and electron microscopic level. This procedure may be of use in other microscopic techniques studies.     

皮肤Merkel细胞癌的免疫组化和超微结构观察

报道一例罕见的皮肤Ｍｅｒｋｅｌ细胞品。活体组织检查光镜做出正确诊断很困难,需要结合相关免疫组织化学染色结果和超微结构来分析判断。电镜观察癌细胞质内含有神经分泌颗粒,癌细胞有相互交织的树状突起,表面有少数微绒毛,细胞间有少数中间连接,偶见桥粒,其它细胞器多少不定。依其超微结构特征,可以做出正确诊断。     

Patterns of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the brains of parent ring doves (Streptopelia risoria) given tactile and nontactile exposure to their young.

Neuronal activation was examined by fos immunohistochemistry in ring doves (Streptopelia risoria) reunited with their young after overnight separation. In an initial study, squab-exposed parents showed more fos immunoreactivity (ir) in the preoptic area (POA) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) than squab-deprived parents. In a 2nd study, parents allowed free access to young and those separated from young by a wire mesh partition showed more fos-ir in the POA, LH, and lateral septum than box-exposed controls. Contact with young also increased fos-ir in the medial preoptic nucleus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, but noncontact exposure did not. Conversely, nontactile squab exposure stimulated more fos-ir in the POA than did free access to young, which suggests POA involvement in appetitive aspects of parenting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

小脑髓母细胞瘤的超微结构及免疫组化研究

本研究对１５例小脑髓母细胞瘤外科切除标本作了超微结构和１０种抗体（Ｐ５３，ＰＣＮＡ，ＮＦ，ＮＳＥ，ＧＦＡＰ，Ｓ－１００，Ｖｉ，ＬＣＡ，ＣＫ，ＮＦ）免疫组化观察，描述了典型髓母细胞瘤和促纤维增生型髓母细胞斩一般形态，超微结构和免疫组化特点。发现：超微结构和免疫组化均支持瘤细胞主要朝向神经细胞分化，同时有残存的胶质细胞及有髓纤维。，ＰＣＮＡ在１５例肿瘤中１００％阳性表达，阳性细胞百分率更高，平均３９．     

Embedding of large specimens in glycol methacrylate: prerequisites for multi-signal detection and high-resolution imaging

Acrylic resin mixtures are commonly used to study microscopic sections of biological specimens, giving the advantage of good morphological preservation. Existing embedding protocols, however, are suitable for tissue blocks, not exceeding 1 mm in thickness. We have developed a protocol to embed larger specimens (up to 2 cm(3)) in Technovit 8100. This medium allowed us to perform classic histological (trichrome), silver, as well as immunohistochemical staining, needed for multi-signal detection at high-resolution imaging to reconstruct a three-dimensional interpretation of a serially sectioned muscle. The technique was applied to reconstruct the semitendinosus muscle of a fetal pig, 44 days post conception, featuring connective tissue, intramuscular nerves, blood vessels, and muscle fibre types. For the reconstruction, a technique was used that enabled us to insert high-resolution images of histological details into low-resolution images of the entire muscle.     

Distribution of NGF and NT-3-like protein immunoreactivity in the teleost kidney

By means of immunochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we investigated in the kidney of freshwater and marine teleostean species for the presence and localization of three neurotrophins: nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin (NT)-3. In both species studied, NGF-like and NT-3-like immunoreactivity were present in the kidney with different distribution patterns, while BDNF-like immunoreactivity was never detected. In goldfish, NGF-like and NT-3-like immunoreactivity were identified extensively in cells along part of the arterial branches adjacent to the afferent arterioles. In scorpion fish, NGF-like and NT-3-like immunoreactive cells were observed both on afferent arterioles and on adjacent secondary branches derived from renal arteries. No immunoreactivity was detected in other renal structures. A staining pattern of immunoreactivity similar to that obtained for NGF and NT-3 was detected utilizing S100 antibody as a juxtaglomerular (JG) cell marker. Double immunolabellings NGF/S100 and NT-3/S100 evidenced the coexistence of neurotrophin-like proteins and S100-like protein in the same immunoreactive cells, thus identifying them as juxtaglomerular cells. Western blot analysis revealed the presence of molecules immunoreactive to NGF and NT-3, whose molecular weights were very similar to those of the corresponding mammalian neurotrophins. These findings extend the presence and distribution of NGF-like and NT-3-like IR in the kidney to teleost species, suggesting a probable participation of these proteins in the renal functions of freshwater and marine teleosts.     

不良心理应激对小鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤dicer酶表达的影响

目的观察不良应激因素对小鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤dicer酶的表达影响。方法将人卵巢癌组织采用背部皮下接种法移植裸鼠,建立人卵巢癌细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型。成功造模后,取体质量及肿瘤大小相近的裸鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组和应激组,每组6只。对照组裸鼠自由供水和食物;应激组裸鼠采用束缚方法给予应激,束缚应激时将应激组裸鼠依次放入打孔通风的50 mL离心管,每天束缚6 h,5 d.周-1,束缚期间禁水、禁食,完成束缚应激后将裸鼠放出,恢复自由供水和食物,应激时间共2周。观察2组裸鼠生存状态、体质量及皮下移植瘤体积;完成应激后处死裸鼠,取皮下人卵巢癌组织,采用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学染色,比较2组人卵巢癌组织中dicer酶的表达水平。结果应激组裸鼠摄食及活动不佳,与对照组相比,应激组裸鼠体质量明显下降（P〈0.05）;2组比较,肿瘤体积差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;RT-PCR和免疫组织化学染色结果表明：与对照组相比,应激组裸鼠卵巢癌组织中dicer酶的表达量明显下降（P〈0.05）。结论不良心理应激因素能降低人卵巢癌移植瘤中dicer酶的表达。dicer酶的表达可成为研究不良心理应激对肿瘤生长影响的重要参考指标。     

超声引导下肝细胞癌穿刺组织中Ezrin表达的临床意义

探讨Ezrin表达及超声引导下穿刺活检对肝细胞癌（HCC）的应用价值,实验方法如下：36例经超声引导下穿刺所得的HCC组织作肝穿癌组;45例手术切除的HCC组织作手术癌组,同时取12个癌旁肝组织作癌旁组;用免疫组化方法检测两组标本的Ezrin蛋白表达,并与临床病理学参数做统计学分析。得出结果：肝穿癌组Ezrin阳性表达...