元坝气田埋地柔性钢骨架复合管非开挖检测分析

目的为评估元坝气田污水输送复合管的完整性,提出了一种针对埋地柔性钢骨架复合管的非开挖检测方法。 方法该方法依据电位梯度值判定管道的完整性,首先使用交流电位差测量仪检测管线上方电位梯度值,判断管线防护层是否存在破损并确定破损点位置;然后对破损处电位梯度值进行分级,并确定防腐层破损程度;最后利用GPS定位测量仪对破损点进行精确定位。 结果利用该技术对元坝气田污水管线进行无损检测,共检测出5处防腐层破损点,开挖验证后发现各处防腐层均有不同程度的损伤,破损情况与检测结果吻合。 结论提出的非开挖检测方法可以实现埋地柔性钢骨架复合管的无损检测,可精确定位出柔性钢骨架复合管的防腐层破损点,检测结果准确可靠。      

Gelatin controversies in food,pharmaceuticals, and personal care products: Authentication methods,current status,and future challenges

Gelatin is a highly purified animal protein of pig, cow, and fish origins and is extensively used in food, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. However, the acceptability of gelatin products greatly depends on the animal sources of the gelatin. Porcine and bovine gelatins have attractive features but limited acceptance because of religious prohibitions and potential zoonotic threats, whereas fish gelatin is welcomed in all religions and cultures. Thus, source authentication is a must for gelatin products but it is greatly challenging due to the breakdown of both protein and DNA biomarkers in processed gelatins. Therefore, several methods have been proposed for gelatin identification, but a comprehensive and systematic document that includes all of the techniques does not exist. This up-to-date review addresses this research gap and presents, in an accessible format, the major gelatin source authentication techniques, which are primarily nucleic acid and protein based. Instead of presenting these methods in paragraph form which needs much attention in reading, the major methods are schematically depicted, and their comparative features are tabulated. Future technologies are forecasted, and challenges are outlined. Overall, this review paper has the merit to serve as a reference guide for the production and application of gelatin in academia and industry and will act as a platform for the development of improved methods for gelatin authentication.     

辣木多肽对LPS所致Caco-2细胞间高通透性的保护作用

探讨了辣木多肽(MOPP)对脂多糖(LPS,2μg/m L)诱发Caco-2细胞高通透性的保护作用。MTT法测定细胞生存率,细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平依说明用试剂盒测定。酶联法(ELISA)检测白介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的分泌水平。跨上皮细胞电阻(TEER)值和异硫氰酸荧光素-右旋糖酐(FD40)透过度评估细胞通透的改变。实时定量PCR检测细胞IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、闭锁蛋白(Occludin)、紧密连接蛋白-1(claudin-1)、ZO-1和肌球蛋白轻链激酶(MLCK)的mRNA表达。与模型细胞相比,高浓度(150μg/m L)的MOPP处理能显著提高受损细胞生存率至83.8%,并有效抑制50.3%的LDH溢出。MOPP有效降低模型细胞中IL-1β(19.8%),IL-8 (43.7%)和TNF-α(37.9%)的分泌并抑制其mRNA转录(IL-1β:44.3%,IL-8:35.0%,TNF-α:33.5%)。此外,MOPP可增强细胞紧密连接因子(Occludin、claudin-1、ZO-1)的mRNA转录,并抑制31.3%的MLCK的mRNA转录。结果意味着,MOPP具有较强的抗炎活性,可由上调细胞内紧密连接相关因子的mRNA转录显著来改善LPS所致Caco-2细胞间高通透性的发生。     

How does the improved DB mode degrade the complex integrity of infrastructure mega-projects? Evidence from the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project in China

Complex integrity is one of the main characteristics of infrastructure mega-projects (IMPs). Cost, technology, risk, duration, environmental impact, and other uncertain complexities are interrelated and constitute a challenging and complex management problem. At present, there is no unified understanding of or solutions to these complex integrity problems. This study analyzes the complex integrity of the island-tunnel subproject of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) project and proposes an improved design-build (DB) mode in which the owner provides a preliminary design and has the right to form and manage consortium. This improved DB mode creatively degrades the special complexities that arise from multiple dimensions. On this basis, it is an efficacious way to grasp the main contradictions, integrate the effective resources, and degrade the complex integrity in multiple dimensions and at multiple levels so as to effectively deal with the complexity management of IMPs.     

A User Authentication Protocol Combined with the Trust Model,Biometrics and ECC for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this article, a new user authentication protocol using trust model, elliptic curve cryptography and biometrics for WSNs is submitted. The result of the trust model analysis indicates that the model can improve the model’s ability of withstanding attacks from the malicious nodes. The results of safety analysis and performance analysis for our proposed user authentication protocol demonstrate that this protocol can be flexible to all sorts of common known attacks and performs similarly or better compared with some active user authentication protocols. It is suitable for WSNs which have a prominent request for the security and the performance.     

低耗能的支持完整性验证的隐私保护融合方案

针对无线传感器网络中隐私暴露、信息篡改、虚假注入等安全问题,提出了一种支持完整性验证的隐私保护融合方案ESIPPA,它可以在实现数据隐私保护和ID隐私保护的基础上侦测到信息的非法篡改。ESIPPA用加权的方式对ID进行隐性传送,同时将ID号作为干扰因子引入对数据进行干扰的干扰公式中,提高隐私保护的安全性;通过构建双融合树模型,充分利用基站能量多的因素,减少节点负担,同时能够验证数据完整性。仿真实验结果显示,ESIPPA方案比已有的基于分布式认证的完整性保护数据融合方案在通信量方面下降了约7.5%,比DCSA方案下降了约15.4%,同时也更好地保护了数据的完整性和隐私性。     

蛋白质组学在水产品品质与安全研究中的应用

蛋白质组学技术在水产品品质与安全研究中已有较多应用。本文介绍了蛋白质组学的研究途径,综述了蛋白质组学在水产品物种鉴定、过敏原检测、致病性和腐败性微生物的检测与鉴定、贮藏加工过程中品质变化机制研究等方面的应用进展,并对其发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

改进的马氏距离动态时间规整手势认证方法

针对现有动态手势认证方法普遍采用的动态时间规整(DTW)算法在计算欧氏距离(ED)时各维特征向量被同等对待且各维特征间的相关性被忽视等问题,提出一种改进的马氏距离动态时间规整手势认证方法.通过手机内置三轴加速度传感器实时获取动态手势信号,经数据预处理后由改进动态时间规整算法进行加速度信号相似性度量,在计算过程中根据协方差矩阵特点进行时间复杂度优化,最后根据模板匹配法得出认证结论.实验结果表明,经改进后等错率(EER)由3.02%降至1.39%,经优化后认证响应时间平均降低87.84%.该方法进一步提高了动态手势认证精确度,同时实时性良好.     

一种基于正则化和Watson 视觉模型的图像指纹算法

大量多媒体应用的发展使得数字图像很容易地被非法操作和篡改,提出一种基于 图像正则化和视觉特性的图像指纹算法,可以有效地实现图像的认证和识别。首先对图像进行 正则化预处理,消除几何形变对图像的影响,然后对图像进行分块DCT 变换,利用Watson 视 觉模型对DCT 系数进行处理,增大人眼敏感的频域系数在计算图像特征时的权重,经过量化形 成最终的指纹序列。在图像指纹序列生成过程中,加入密钥控制,提高了指纹的安全性。实验 结果表明,该方法的冲突概率在10–7 数量级,对JPEG 压缩、旋转、缩放等操作具有较好的稳 健性。     

干式磨削ANSI D2淬硬模具钢的表面完整性实验研究

干式磨削具有加工效率高、加工成本低、环境污染小等优势,广泛应用于模具加工制造行业。作为零件制造工艺链的最后环节,磨削加工后的工件表面完整性决定了产品质量和使用寿命。以淬硬模具钢ANSI D2为加工对象,通过实验研究干式磨削条件下磨削淬硬模具钢的加工表面完整性,分析并确定了进给速度、磨削深度等磨削参数对磨削表面层的组织结构、表面层显微硬度、加工表面粗糙度、残余应力分布等表面特性的影响规律,为制订合理的磨削参数、实现淬硬模具钢干式磨削工艺的优化提供指导。