关于农村居民点布局模式的思考——以长株潭绿心地区为例

农村居民点是农村村民生产和生活的场所,也是农村土地利用的重要组成部分。长期以来,我国农村居民点缺乏整体上的布局与调控。长株潭绿心地区由于其特殊的自然地形条件,土地资源有限,存在农村居民点数量多,规模小,分布零散等诸多问题,文章最后根据绿心地区实际情况,建议采用新村建设型、岛状居民点、线状居民点三大布局模式。     

煤矿近断层地下开采动力灾害数值模拟研究

为解析兖州矿区地下开采中的动力灾害机理,截取横跨大马厂断层的剖面,按照实际开挖步骤进行了数值模拟计算和分析。判定15 m保安煤柱的屈服和孤岛煤体的破坏是发生动力灾害的重要因素。发现了破坏区附近的位移漩动场,并简要分析了其力学成因。     

城市热岛与建筑热工设计

本文在简要介绍城市热岛概念、特征及形成机理的基础上,探讨了城市热岛现象对城市区域的建筑保温设计、建筑防热设计和建筑防潮设计的影响,给出了消除城市热岛不利影响的途径和设计方法。     

1990—2015年宁波市热岛效应特征与人口资源环境分析

针对目前城市中心越来越明显的城市热岛效应,基于Landsat系列数据和MODIS遥感数据,以宁波市中心城区为研究区域,运用地理信息系统技术和Pearson相关性分析方法,进行地表温度与其他因素的长时间序列的相关性变化分析.结果表明:1990—2015年间,宁波市中心城区热岛效应变化显著;其地表温度与NDVI呈负相关性,...     

浙江舟山岛近岸海水富营养化水平分析

根据2010年10月~2011年3月舟山岛近岸海水COD、无机氮（DIN）和磷酸盐（DIP）调查数据,对舟山岛近岸水体富营养化进行了分析和评价。结果表明舟山岛海域处于严重的富营养化状态,富营养化状态指数中COD占优势,其次为DIN,这两者起到了绝对性作用。水体营养等级基本为富营养化,且在舟山岛海域藻类生长基本上是受氮限...     

多套化工装置分期建设象限映像布置探讨

从化工厂总体布局的基本要求出发,结合当前企业总图布置的现实情况,对同一或同类多套化工装置分期分批建设的合理布局问题进行了探讨,提出了按象限映像布置的建议,并分析了象限映像布置的优缺点,供业内同行参考。     

局地气候区与昼夜城市热岛效应的耦合关系研究

针对局地气候区框架下城市地表热环境昼夜差异研究的不足,本文基于机载LiDAR、IKONOS-2等多源遥感数据实现了局地气候区分类,重点分析了局地气候区与城市地表温度之间的响应关系及其昼夜差异.研究结果表明局地气候区类型地表温度存在显著的昼夜差异.在白天,大型低层建筑区LCZ 8地表温度最高,水体LCZ G地表温度最低.在夜间,裸土/沙土LCZ F为最冷的局地气候区,而水体LCZ G呈现了最高的地表温度.随建筑高度的升高,紧凑建筑类型区和开敞建筑类型区白天地表温度呈现下降的趋势,而夜间则表现出相反的规律.局地气候区类型的热属性在夜间(85.8%)比白天(79.5%)更容易区分.不论白天与夜间,开敞高层建筑区LCZ 4和水体LCZ G分别为建筑类型区和土地覆盖类型区中与其他局地气候区地表温度区分更明显的类型.     

AFM investigation of solid product layers of MgSO4 generated on MgO surfaces for the reaction of MgO with SO2 and O2

The nucleation, growth and arrangement of MgSO₄ product layers during the reaction of single-crystal MgO with SO₂ and O₂ were investigated via atomic force microscopy (AFM). The morphology of the single-crystal MgO surface after reacting with SO₂ and O₂ consisted of three-dimensional cone-shaped MgSO₄ product islands. Most of the islands appeared at locations with terraces, steps and kinks. With increasing reaction time, small product islands grew to large islands, finally coalescing into continuous islands. The nucleation, growth and arrangement of the solid products on the reactant surface are controlled by thermodynamics and kinetics. The morphology of the MgSO₄ product islands is governed by the competition between the intrinsic chemical reaction rate and the product molecular diffusion rate, which are both significantly affected by the reaction temperature. As the reaction temperature increases, the mean size of the MgSO₄ islands increases while the island density decreases. The nucleation, growth and arrangement of the solid product layers and the product layer morphology on the solid reactant surface directly affect the mechanism of the gas–solid reaction.     

Effect of doping polyacrylic acid with some dopants as studied by different techniques

The molecular weight of polyacrylic acid (PAA) was determined by a viscometric method using NaNO₃ as solvent at 30°C. The specific electric conductivities (σ) of PAA as well as PAA doped with carbon black (CB), chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), and cupferron with different concentrations (from 0.25 to 1 wt %) were measured at a temperature range 360–400 K. IR spectra of some polymers were determined and it was shown that when PAA was doped with 0.5 wt % CB, a C? O? C band appeared at 775–875 cm^?1. The positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectra in PAA doped with the above‐mentioned dopants were measured as a function of their concentrations. It was observed that the short lifetime intensity I₁ decreased, whereas the intermediate lifetime intensity I₂, which is related to the conductivity of the material, increased with increasing the wt % of Cr₂O₃ and cupferron as well as at low concentrations of CB. These results are discussed in terms of the conducting island model. It was found that there were distinct positive relationships between σ and I₂. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 877–883, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10381     

800 MPa级CSiMnNb与CSiMnCr系冷轧双相钢组织与性能

在实验室采用CCT-AY-Ⅱ连续退火模拟器研究不同退火温度条件下800 MPa级CSiMnCr与CSiMnNb系冷轧双相钢的力学性能,并对其显微组织进行分析.结果表明：在同一成分试验钢中,770℃退火较790℃退火时所获得的强度高;钢中添加少量的Nb细化了铁素体与岛状马氏体组织,并且岛状马氏体更纯净,屈强比低,加工硬化指数n值更高.