基于角点特征的形状识别

根据飞机形状角点之间的距离,定义了一种新的多维距离特征向量,不同飞机具有不同的多维距离向量.计算多维距离特征向量之间的相关系数,比较多维距离特征向量之间的相关性,能将每种飞机从飞机模型库中识别出来.实验表明,这种新特征向量具有较好的稳定性和区分性,算法识别率高、速度快,几乎达到实时效果.     

基于相似性分析的SVM快速分类算法

针对支持向量机(SVM)分类速度取决于支持向量数目的应用瓶颈,提出一种SVM快速分类算法。通过引入支持向量在特征空间的相似性度量,构建特征空间中的最小支撑树,在此基础上将支持向量按相似性最大进行分组,依次在每组中找到决定因子和调整因子,用两者的线性组合拟合一组支持向量在特征空间的加权和,以减少支持向量的数量,提高支持向量机的分类速度。实验结果证明,该方法能以很小的分类精度损失换取较大的分类时间缩减,满足SVM实时分类的要求。     

惯性器件建模对GPS失锁段导航精度的影响

针对INS/GPS组合导航系统在GPS信号失锁的条件下导航精度恶化的问题,分析了惯性器件建模对导航精度的影响程度。通过对传统简化模型和考虑载体机动与环境因素的影响而建立的惯性器件完备模型的仿真,对两种模型在组合断开后的纯惯性导航的水平位置误差进行对比。结果表明相比简化模型相对完备模型可以将水平位置误差的精度提高53%,能有效解决INS/GPS组合导航系统因GPS信号失效后纯惯性系统的定位精度迅速恶化问题。     

针对AES密码芯片的CPA攻击

为证明未加抗功耗分析措施的AES密码芯片容易受到相关性功耗分析威胁的事实,提出了针对AES密码芯片的相关性功耗分析(CPA)方法,并进行了CPA功耗分析攻击实验.通过提取AES密码算法硬件结构中的关键寄存器信息,利用适当的功耗模型将这些信息转换为模拟瞬时功耗信息,并与采用实际测量装置测量的功耗信息进行相关性分析实验.实验成功破解了AES密码芯片中的最高8比特密钥值.实验结果表明了未加防御措施的AES密码芯片面临CPA攻击时的脆弱性.     

改进人工蜂群算法及其在应急调度优化问题中的应用

针对于大规模灾难发生时首批“生命”物资的应急调度建模及优化求解问题,将受灾点缺失损失评价函数由线性扩充到非线性,对一次性消耗类和连续性消耗类物资建立了多对多约束多目标调度模型。基于Pareto支配和拥挤距离的概念将人工蜂群基本算法应用到此问题的求解,并对算法进行了以下改进：基于反向食物源的定义提出融合反向学习的食物源初始化,以提高初始解的质量;将反向学习策略和广泛学习策略融合到蜜蜂搜索过程,以反向食物源和其他较好食物源信息来引导蜜蜂搜索方向。三种规模的仿真实验表明,所提出算法所求出的非支配前沿解集更具多样性,分布更加广泛和均匀,能够为应急物资调度决策进行支持。     

基于直方图对的MPEG-4无损数据隐藏

目前绝大部分无损数据隐藏方案,只能无损恢复嵌入数据,而在数据提取后,原始的视频载体无法完全恢复,本质上仍是有损隐藏算法.为了实现视频无损认证和隐蔽通信,提出基于直方图对的MPEG-4视频无损数据隐藏方法.通过直方图调整,在MPEG-4视频的帧内视频对象平面(I-VOP)的量化离散余弦变换(DCT)系数中隐藏数据.同时,在提取过程中不需要原视频的参与,获得嵌入数据并且完全恢复原始视频.理论分析与实验结果表明,该方法失真程度小,隐蔽性高,适用性大.     

Balanced Scheduling toward Loss-Free Packet Queuing and Delay Fairness

In current networks, packet losses can occur if routers do not provide sufficiently large buffers. This paper studies how many buffers should be provided in a router to eliminate packet losses. We assume a network router has m incoming queues, each corresponding to a single traffic stream, and must schedule at any time on-line from which queue to take the next packet to send out. To exclude packet losses with a small amount of buffers, the maximum queue length must be kept low over the entire scheduling period. We call this new on-line problem the balanced scheduling problem (BSP). By competitive analysis, we measure the power of on-line scheduling algorithms to prevent packet losses. We show that a simple greedy algorithm is Θ(log m)-competitive which is asymptotically optimal, while Round-Robin scheduling is not better than m-competitive, as actually is any deterministic on-line algorithm for BSP. We also give a polynomial time algorithm for solving off-line BSP optimally. We also study another on-line balancing problem that tries to balance the delay among the m traffic streams.     

基于改进的Jaccard系数文档相似度计算方法

文本相似度主要应用于学术论文查重检测、搜索引擎去重等领域,而传统的文本相似度计算方法中的特征项提取与分词环节过于冗杂,而且元素的随机挑选也会产生权重的不确定性. 为了解决传统方法的不足,提出一种基于改进的Jaccard系数确定文档相似度的方法,该算法综合考虑了各元素、样本在文档中的权重及其对多个文档相似度的贡献程度. 实验结果表明,基于改进的Jaccard系数的文档相似度算法具有实效性并且能够得到较高的准确率,适用于各种长度的中英文文档,有效地解决现有技术中存在的文档间相似度计算不精的问题.     

An on-chip micro-friction tester for tribology research of silicon based MEMS devices

An on-chip micro-tribotester has been developed to investigate the friction and wear properties on side contacting surfaces of single crystal silicon that is most widely used in usual microelectromechanical systems actuators. The device is fabricated with standard bulk silicon process and bonding technology based on parameters that have been theoretically calculated to get the stiffness and friction forces. In this device, two comb shuttles are used. One comb shuttle is used to contact the friction surfaces under a certain normal load. The other comb shuttle moves back and forth to provide relative motion between the two friction surfaces. The tested two surfaces are the top surface of an anchor with rounded end and the lateral surface of a beam that has been connected to the two comb shuttles. Tribology experiments on the etched silicon surfaces that are side contacted have been carried out. Friction coefficients testing results suggest that dynamic friction coefficient is about 0.31–0.33 and the obtained static friction coefficient increases with the decrease of normal force. Wear experiment indicates that oxidation happens between the rubbing surfaces during the course of the testing. Wear debris is collected as agglomerates because of the function of adhesion force and water vapor and the agglomerates that are collected on top and lateral surfaces are of different shapes.     

多径传播环境下的无源UHF RFID系统电波传播模型

针对自由空间模型在预测射频识别系统识别距离时存在的偏差,综合考虑射频识别系统应用的多径传播环境,建立一种无源超高频射频识别系统电波传播模型,并重点分析了前向链路路径损耗的主要影响因素及其计算方法。基于该电波传播模型,探索性地提出实际环境下的无源超高频射频识别应用模拟思路。仿真和测量结果表明,该模型在预测无源超高频射频识别系统识别距离时更为准确。