Pre‐natal and post‐natal exposure to pet ownership and lung function in children: The Seven Northeastern Cities Study

To evaluate the association between pre‐natal and post‐natal exposure to pet ownership and lung function in children, a cross‐sectional study named Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) study was conducted. In this study, children's lung function including the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal mid‐expiratory flow (MMEF), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured by spirometers, and pet ownership situations were collected by questionnaire. Analyzed by multiple logistic regression and generalized linear modeling, we found that for all subjects, pet exposure in the first 2 years of life was significantly associated with lung function impairment of FVC<85% predicted (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.63). For current pet exposure, the increased odds of lung function impairment ranged from 35% (aOR=1.35; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.62) for FVC<85% predicted to 57% (aOR=1.57; 95%CI: 1.29, 1.93) for FEV₁<85% predicted. The in utero exposure was not related to lung function impairment. Compared with other pets, higher odds were observed among children with dogs. When stratified by gender, girls with current pet exposure were more likely to have lung function impairment than boys. It implies self‐reported exposures to pets were negatively associated with lung function among the children under study.     

抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体阳性银屑病关节炎伴肺间质病变1例

银屑病关节炎是一种与银屑病相关的关节炎，属脊柱关节炎范畴，兼具或先后出现银屑病皮疹和关节及周围软组织疼痛、肿胀等表现。抗CC抗体是类风湿关节炎诊断及预后判断的重要指标，PsA中也有阳性报道。风湿病相关肺间质病变常见于系统性硬化症、干燥综合征、皮肌炎/肌炎、类风湿关节炎等，PsA相关肺间质病变报道少见。本文收录1例PsA患者，抗CCP抗体阳性，同时伴弥漫性肺间质病变，文献少有报道。     

Innovative method of Transthoracic Lung Cancer Biopsy of Parietal Lung Tumors under US Guidance after CT Pre-biopsy Planning as an Alternative to CT- Guided Biopsy

The authors compared their earlier results of the tumor biopsies performed under computer tomography （CT） guidance against the results of their recently modified-combined method of visualization and measurement of lung tumor parameters by CT imaging followed by US guided biopsy. In 238 （6.36%） of 3,745 patients in CT examination, the lung tumor was located peripherally, and obtaining histopathological confirmation was crucial to start the proper treatment. The patients were divided into two groups, the division was based on the biopsy method. Within the first group in I 18 patients, parietal lung tumor was confirmed and CT guided biopsy was performed. Within the second group, parietal lung tumor was confirmed in 120 patients and combined method of CT pre- biopsy planning and US guided biopsy were used. Pre-biopsy planning was performed using CT, measurements such as depth and distance of the tumor were made, obtained data were then saved on CT image and patient＇s skin was marked. Then obtained results were analyzed using test for two proportions. The analysis of the results confirmed the higher efficacy of the combined method taking into account the number of complications （p 〈 0.01） and diagnostic histopathological results （P 〈 0.001）. Suggested innovative method, involving both CT pre-biopsy planning and US guided biopsy, allows to analyze simultaneously static CT and dynamic US images and it is considered to be an easy and effective method comparing to relying on static in nature CT images only. Our method is related to a lower complication risk rate.     

奥希替尼获得性耐药的研究进展

奥希替尼作为第三代表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,对表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）T790M突变型肺腺癌有显著疗效。随着临床研究的深入,奥希替尼的耐药逐渐出现。如何应对奥希替尼耐药已成为临床工作者必须关注的问题。本文就奥希替尼获得性耐药机制及应对措施的最新研究进展进行综述。     

多影像成像技术联合应用对早期周围型肺癌的诊断价值

目的 综合分析增强CT、高分辨率CT（HRCT）及18F-FDG PET/CT影像学资料,以评价不同影像学方法对早期周围型肺癌的诊断价值.方法 对32例临床疑为早期周围型肺癌患者分别行动态CT增强、HRCT、PET/CT检查.以病理结果为最终诊断的金标准,计算这3种方法及两两联合检查对诊断早期周围型肺癌的敏感度、特异度和准确率.结果 3种检查方法中PET/CT的敏感度、特异度和准确率最高,两两联合检查中PET/CT和增强CT的敏感度、特异度、准确率较高,且优于任一种单一检查方法.结论 多种影像成像技术联合应用,可提高早期周围型肺癌诊断的准确率,尤其是PET/CT和增强CT的联合应用.     

小剂量右美托咪定联合乌司他丁对肺癌患者免疫功能和应激反应的影响

目的: 观察小剂量右美托咪定联合乌司他丁对肺癌患者免疫功能和应激反应的影响。方法: 拟行肺癌手术的患者120例,随机分为A、B、C、D 4组,每组30例。麻醉诱导前,B组和D组静脉注射右美托咪定0.3 μg/kg,然后以0.3 μg·kg-1·h-1持续静脉输注至缝皮前,C组和D组静脉注射乌司他丁20万U,A组注射等剂量生理盐水。麻醉诱导前（T0）、手术结束时（T1）、手术结束后24 h（T2）取外周静脉血,测定CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平。记录T0、气管插管和拔管时的平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）。记录术中七氟烷和瑞芬太尼用量及心动过缓、低血压和高血压的发生率。结果: CD3+、CD4+和CD4+/CD8+水平比较,A、B、C组T1和T2时点低于T0（P＜0.05）,B、C组T1和T2时点高于A组（P＜0.05）,D组T1和T2时点高于其他组（P＜0.05）。A、C组气管插管和拔管时的MAP和HR明显高于T0（P＜0.05）,B、D组气管插管和拔管时的MAP和HR明显低于A、C组（P＜0.05）。B、D组术中七氟烷和瑞芬太尼用量和高血压发生率低于A、C组（P＜0.05）。结论: 小剂量右美托咪定联合乌司他丁用于肺癌患者,可改善患者围术期免疫抑制状态,抑制气管插管和拔管时的应激反应,减少术中麻醉药物使用。     

大洋多金属结核还原氨浸工艺研究

研究以结核中自含的铜为催化剂、一氧化碳为还原剂,大洋多金属结核常温常压还原氨浸工艺过程。扩大试验结果表明,在进料矿浆浓度50%、总金属离子浓度25~30g/L的条件下,镍、铜、钴浸出率分别达到98%、98%和90%,浸出液含铜达10~12g/L、镍13~15g/L、钴2~3g/L。