大洋锰结核氨浸渣制备防锈涂料及其性质

以大洋锰结核经氨浸工艺提取钴、镍、铜等金属后的粉末状固体残渣(氨浸渣)为颜填料、与水混合制成色浆,再与苯丙乳液和辅助原料混合,制备水性防锈涂料。色浆组成(质量分数,下同)为:氨浸渣55.15%,水42.63%,辅助原料2.22%;防锈涂料配方为:色浆60%,苯丙乳液30%,辅助原料10%。防锈涂层的抗冲击强度≥490N·cm,耐盐水性超过21d。研究表明:氨浸渣富含Fe2O3,对被保护物品具有屏蔽和物理防锈作用。氨浸渣中的Zr,Zn等元素可与受腐蚀的铁或与环境中的SO42-反应,生成惰性氧化物或难溶化合物,具有化学防腐作用。氨浸渣中的稀土元素和锰能促进漆膜分子网络交联,可缩短涂层的固化成膜时间,并提高涂膜的强度和耐水性。     

Natural Products with Activity against Lung Cancer: A Review Focusing on the Tumor Microenvironment

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Despite the undeniable progress in lung cancer research made over the past decade, it is still the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and continues to challenge scientists and researchers engaged in searching for therapeutics and drugs. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as one of the major hallmarks of epithelial cancers, including the majority of lung cancers, and is associated with tumorigenesis, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Targeting of the TME has received increasing attention in recent years. Natural products have historically made substantial contributions to pharmacotherapy, especially for cancer. In this review, we emphasize the role of the TME and summarize the experimental proof demonstrating the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of natural products that target the TME. We also review the effects of natural products used in combination with anticancer agents. Moreover, we highlight nanotechnology and other materials used to enhance the effects of natural products. Overall, our hope is that this review of these natural products will encourage more thoughts and ideas on therapeutic development to benefit lung cancer patients.     

化学-微生物联合浸出大洋锰结核中金属元素的过程研究

采用化学-微生物浸出法对大洋锰结核中多种金属元素进行了浸出实验研究, 结果表明, 矿浆浓度、反应温度、pH值和微生物接菌量对锰结核中锰及其他金属的浸出速率具有一定影响。在化学-微生物联合浸出工艺下, 大洋锰结核中Mn、Cu、Ni和Co浸出率分别达到98.50%、 96.36%、97.84%和98.31%, 实现了锰结核中多金属的共同高效回收。     

基于特征金字塔网络的肺结节检测

针对计算机断层扫描（CT）影像中肺结节尺寸变化较大、尺寸小且不规则等特点导致的检测敏感度较低的问题,提出了基于特征金字塔网络（FPN）的肺结节检测方法。首先,利用FPN提取结节的多尺度特征,并强化小目标及目标边界细节的特征;其次,在FPN的基础上设计语义分割网络（名为掩模特征金字塔网络（Mask FPN））用于快速准确地分割提取肺实质,作为目标候选区域定位图像;并且,在FPN顶层添加反卷积层,采用多尺度预测策略改进快速区域卷积神经网络（Faster R-CNN）以提高检测性能;最后,针对肺结节数据集的正负样本不平衡问题,在区域候选网络（RPN）模块采用焦点损失函数以提高结节的检出率。所提方法在公开数据集LUNA16上进行实验,结果表明,利用FPN和反卷积层改进的新网络对结节检测效果有一定的帮助,采用焦点损失函数也有一定效果。综合多种改进,当平均每个扫描件的候选结节数为46.7时,所提方法的肺结节检测敏感度指标为95.7%,与其他卷积神经网络方法如Faster R-CNN、UNet等相比,具有较高的敏感性。所提方法能够较好地提取不同尺度上的结节特征,提高CT图像肺结节检测的敏感度,同时对于较小的结节也能有效检测,能更有效地辅助肺癌的诊断治疗。     

Volumetric hemodynamic parameters to guide fluid removal on hemodialysis in the intensive care unit

Estimation of removable excess body fluid is difficult in critically ill patients with renal failure. Volumetric hemodynamic parameters are increasingly being used to guide fluid therapy in the intensive care unit, but their suitability to monitor fluid removal with hemodialysis in critically ill patients is not known. Changes in the extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) measured with transpulmonary thermodilution immediately before and after hemodialysis were analyzed from 39 hemodialysis sessions of 9 patients consecutively treated in the medical intensive care unit of a German University Hospital. Additional hemodynamic, ventilation, and oxygenation-related parameters were recorded at the same time. Online relative blood volume (RBV) monitoring was performed in 29 sessions. Comparisons of pre and postdialysis values showed a significant reduction of the EVLWI with fluid removal (p=0.009), with only a slight nonsignificant decrease in the ITBVI. The cardiac index (CI) also decreased significantly (p=0.010), whereas blood pressure remained stable. Oxygenation improved significantly (p=0.005), and the hematocrit increased significantly with dialysis (p=0.039). There was no correlation between hematocrit changes and RBV measurements. Significant correlations existed between ITBVI and CI changes (p<0.001), but not to EVLWI reduction. The removal of excess body fluid on hemodialysis is reflected by the EVLWI reduction, whereas the preservation of cardiac preload is shown by ITBVI stability. Volumetric hemodynamic parameters could be useful to guide fluid removal with hemodialysis in the intensive care unit.     

核探针技术的初步应用

使用新建成的核探针开展了阿米巴细胞中微量元素锌的含量及其分布的观察;锰矿物中微米级矿粒和矿物相的分析;深海锰结核内微米级层状结构的分析;反球化元素对球墨铸铁的影响以及微量元素的偏析造成不锈钢零件局域性断裂的研究。     

Deep Belief Network for Lung Nodule Segmentation and Cancer Detection

Cancer disease is a deadliest disease cause more dangerous one. By identifying the disease through Artificial intelligence to getting the mage features directly from patients. This paper presents the lung knob division and disease characterization by proposing an enhancement calculation. Most of the machine learning techniques failed to observe the feature dimensions leads inaccuracy in feature selection and classification. This cause inaccuracy in sensitivity and specificity rate to reduce the identification accuracy. To resolve this problem, to propose a Chicken Sine Cosine Algorithm based Deep Belief Network to identify the disease factor. The general technique of the created approach includes four stages, such as pre-processing, segmentation, highlight extraction, and the order. From the outset, the Computerized Tomography (CT) image of the lung is taken care of to the division. When the division is done, the highlights are extricated through morphological factors for feature observation. By getting the features are analysed and the characterization is done dependent on the Deep Belief Network (DBN) which is prepared by utilizing the proposed Chicken-Sine Cosine Algorithm (CSCA) which distinguish the lung tumour, giving two classes in particular, knob or non-knob. The proposed system produce high performance as well compared to the other system. The presentation assessment of lung knob division and malignant growth grouping dependent on CSCA is figured utilizing three measurements to be specificity, precision, affectability, and the explicitness.     

Optical Tissue Clearing to Study the Intra-Pulmonary Biodistribution of Intravenously Delivered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Interactions with Host Lung Cells

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) injected intravenously are trapped in the capillaries of the lungs and die within the first 24 h. Studying the biodistribution and fate of labelled therapeutic cells in the 3D pulmonary context is important to understand their function in this organ and gain insights into their mechanisms of action. Optical tissue clearing enables volumetric cell tracking at single-cell resolution. Thus, we compared three optical tissue-clearing protocols (Clear, Unobstructed Brain/Body Imaging Cocktails and Computational analysis (CUBIC), modified stabilised 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs (s-DISCO) and ethyl cinnamate (ECi)) to evaluate their potential to track the biodistribution of human umbilical cord MSCs expressing the tdTomato fluorescence reporter and investigate how they interact with host cells in the mouse lung. The results showed that although CUBIC clearing is the only method that enables direct imaging of fluorescently labelled MSCs, combining s-DISCO or ECi with immunofluorescence or dye labelling allows the interaction of MSCs with endothelial and immune cells to be studied. Overall, this comparative study offers guidance on selecting an optical tissue-clearing method for cell tracking applications.     

当归挥发油对人肺腺癌GLC-82细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的: 探讨当归挥发油对人肺腺癌GLC-82细胞增殖及凋亡的作用。方法: MTT比色法检测当归挥发油对GLC-82细胞的细胞毒作用;流式细胞术检测GLC-82细胞凋亡;吖啶橙/溴化乙锭（AO/BE）双荧光染色法观察GLC 82细胞凋亡。结果: 当归挥发油在浓度6.25～200 μg/mL范围内对GLC-82细胞的增殖具有浓度依赖性抑制作用,对GLC-82细胞的IC50为113.03 μg/mL。流式细胞术检测结果表明,当归挥发油可诱导GLC-82细胞凋亡、坏死,且细胞凋亡、坏死率随药物浓度增高而升高。AO/BE双荧光染色法结果显示,用药组随着药物浓度的升高,细胞结构固缩加重,凋亡、坏死细胞增多。结论: 当归挥发油具有诱导GLC-82细胞凋亡的作用。     

Intranasal Administration of Codium fragile Polysaccharide Elicits Anti-Cancer Immunity against Lewis Lung Carcinoma

Natural polysaccharides have shown promising effects on the regulation of immunity in animals. In this study, we examined the immune stimulatory effect of intranasally administered Codium fragile polysaccharides (CFPs) in mice. Intranasal administration of CFPs in C57BL/6 mice induced the upregulation of surface activation marker expression in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in the mediastinal lymph node (mLN) and the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12p70, and tumor necrosis factor-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover, the number of conventional DCs (cDCs) was increased in the mLNs by the upregulation of C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 expression, and subsets of cDCs were also activated following the intranasal administration of CFP. In addition, the intranasal administration of CFPs promoted the activation of natural killer (NK) and T cells in the mLNs, which produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic mediators. Finally, daily administration of CFPs inhibited the infiltration of Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the lungs, and the preventive effect of CFPs on tumor growth required NK and CD8 T cells. Furthermore, CFPs combined with anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody (Ab) improved the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-L1 Ab against lung cancer. Therefore, these data demonstrated that the intranasal administration of CFP induced mucosal immunity against lung cancer.