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41.
NUMERICALSIMULATIONSOFWHOLEFIELDBEHAVIORFORROUNDBUOYANTJETLiWei,HuaiWen-xin(WuhanUniversityofHydraulicandElectricEngineering,... 相似文献
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建立气井产能方程及计算地层压力的新方法 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
气井产量取决于井底流动压力,所以气井产能方程应该能够直接描述流压与产量的关系。文中基于气井二项式产能方程,提出了可以直接反映流压与产量之间关系的二元回归形式的产能方程模型。介绍了该模型的基本原理并进行了实例分析。该模型可以预测地层压力。 相似文献
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The high-temperature crystallization of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) from dilute organic solutions was achieved through the introduction of a non-solvent, or precipitating agent, at the desired crystallization temperature. The morphology and crystal structure were examined for crystals produced from PPTA polymer with two different molecular weights (Mw = 46000 and 3430 g mol−1), using transmission electron microscopy. For the high-molecular-weight polymer, ribbon-like crystals were produced, while the low-molecular-weight polymer yielded small needles or platelets. In both cases, electron diffraction showed that the Northolt allomorph was obtained. For the high-molecular-weight polymer, the molecular axes were parallel to the ribbon axes in a chain-extended type structure. A hypothesis for the orientation of the low-molecular-weight PPTA in the small platelets, is also given. 相似文献
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对直径280mm、扩大直径500mm、外循环管直径65mm、总高2900mm的外循环型鼓泡式反应器,在气体空塔线速Ug为0.04-0.55m/s时,用静压差法和脉冲示踪法测定了不同部位的气含率Eg,Epg和循环液速率u1,并获得了它们的关联式:对反应段,Eg=0.4556U^0.3198g〔Ug/(Ug+U1)〕^0.7396;对反应器扩大段,Eug=0.9389U^0.4431ug;对循环管,E 相似文献
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Wu Ting M. Badaye T. Morishita N. Koshizuka S. Tanaka 《Journal of Superconductivity》1996,9(6):637-645
Recently, superconducting Nd1Ba2Cu3Oy (Ndl23) thin films with high superconducting transition temperature (T
c) have been successfully fabricated at our institute employing the standard laser ablation method. In this paper, we report the results of surface characterization of the Nd123 thin films using an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy (UHV-STM/STS) and an atomic force microscope (AFM) system operated in air. Clear spiral pattern is observed on the surfaces of Nd123 thin films by STM and AFM, suggesting that films are formed by two-dimensional island growth mode. Contour plots of the spirals show that the step heights of the spirals are not always the integer or half-integer number of thec-axis parameter of the structure. This implies that the surface natural termination layer of the films may not be unique. This result is supported byI-V STS measurements. The surface morphology of the Nd123 thin films is compared with that of thec-axis-oriented Y1Ba2Cu3Sy thin films. Surface atomic images of the as-prepared Nd123 thin films are obtained employing both STM and AFM. STS measurements show that most of the surfaces are semiconductive. The results of STS measurements together with the fact that we are able to see the surface atomic images using scanning probe microscopes suggest that exposure to air does not cause serious degradation to the as-prepared surfaces of Nd123 thin films. 相似文献
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A mini spray dryer has been used to investigate morphological changes that occur to milk particles during the spray drying process. We have found that the mini spray dryer is ideal for such investigations, because phenomena such as skin and vacuole formation in particles can be analyzed without the added complication of particle agglomeration, which only occurs in much larger spray dryers where particle number concentrations are higher. We have confirmed observations made by various researchers that the bulk density of spray-dried milk powder is greatly affected by the drying temperature, due to the strong influence of the latter on the porosity of the particles. In addition, we have attempted to explain observations made by various workers that fat accumulates preferentially at the surface of a particle during drying by postulating that fluid fat is transported towards the surface, via a network of cracks and pores, by the development of a vacuole overpressure which is also responsible for the inflation of the particle. Finally, we have shown that milk powders can be spray dried a second time, by reconstitution with water, with no change to the thermodynamic characteristics of the resultant powder. Thus, milk concentrates for spray drying research can be prepared from already-spray-dried milk powders rather than using the more arduous evaporation method to concentrate unprocessed milk. 相似文献
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