流化催化裂化原料加氢预处理技术综述

综述了流化催化裂化（FCC）原料加氢处理的目的、反应机理、催化剂和工艺流程选择以及操作模式。     

国内外电炉钛渣制备氯化原料研究进展

介绍了电炉钛渣的特点和生产现状,综述了国内外电炉钛渣制备氯化原料研究进展,认为钛渣-氧化还原改性-酸浸法和钛渣-添加剂改性-选矿分离法是钛渣升级制备氯化原料的主要方法。     

焦化原料泵机封失效分析及改进

惠州炼油焦化装置螺杆原料泵机械密封在使用过程中出现频繁泄漏。使用寿命非常短,严重影响装置的平稳生产。为彻底解决此问题,文章通过对机械密封泄漏原因进行分析并提出了改进方案,彻底解决泄漏问题。     

Replacing fossil oil with fresh oil – with what and for what?

Industrial chemicals and materials are currently derived mainly from fossil‐based raw materials, which are declining in availability, increasing in price and are a major source of undesirable greenhouse gas emissions. Plant oils have the potential to provide functionally equivalent, renewable and environmentally friendly replacements for these finite fossil‐based raw materials, provided that their composition can be matched to end‐use requirements, and that they can be produced on sufficient scale to meet current and growing industrial demands. Replacement of 40% of the fossil oil used in the chemical industry with renewable plant oils, whilst ensuring that growing demand for food oils is also met, will require a trebling of global plant oil production from current levels of around 139 MT to over 400 MT annually. Realisation of this potential will rely on application of plant biotechnology to (i) tailor plant oils to have high purity (preferably >90%) of single desirable fatty acids, (ii) introduce unusual fatty acids that have specialty end‐use functionalities and (iii) increase plant oil production capacity by increased oil content in current oil crops, and conversion of other high biomass crops into oil accumulating crops. This review outlines recent progress and future challenges in each of these areas. Practical applications: The research reviewed in this paper aims to develop metabolic engineering technologies to radically increase the yield and alter the fatty acid composition of plant oils and enable the development of new and more productive oil crops that can serve as renewable sources of industrial feedstocks currently provided by non‐renewable and polluting fossil‐based resources. As a result of recent and anticipated research developments we can expect to see significant enhancements in quality and productivity of oil crops over the coming decades. This should generate the technologies needed to support increasing plant oil production into the future, hopefully of sufficient magnitude to provide a major supply of renewable plant oils for the industrial economy without encroaching on the higher priority demand for food oils. Achievement of this goal will make a significant contribution to moving to a sustainable carbon‐neutral industrial society with lower emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and reduced environmental impact as a result.     

40万t/a煤制乙二醇项目气流床气化技术比较研究

煤气化技术对煤化工项目的经济效益和稳定生产具有重要意义。以某40万t/a煤制乙二醇项目为例,选取有代表性的某干煤粉气流床煤气化技术和某水煤浆气流床煤气化技术,在原料煤可同时适用的前提下,通过对原料制备、原料输送、气化和灰水处理、变换等主要工艺单元的对比,分析了两种技术在能量消耗和利用、操作安全稳定、环保等方面的差异。结果表明,水煤浆气化技术的原料制备和输送环节能耗较低、操作安全环保,虽然气化工段煤耗、氧耗较高,但是可通过回收高温粗煤气的显热副产大量高压饱和蒸汽,能量利用率高,气化过程不需要加入蒸汽。综合对比,水煤浆气化技术生产成本低于干煤粉气流床气化技术。     

利用天然焦生产冶金型焦的试验

简述了天然焦的分布及性质，通过实验室及工业生产试验，证实了利用天然焦为主要原料可生产出优质冶金型焦。     

福建乙烯装置裂解炉优化运行概述

根据裂解炉开工后实际运行情况,从控制、原料、运行模式和管理等方面对裂解炉运行进行优化,实现了新建乙烯装置裂解炉安全、平稳和长周期运行。结果发现：通过不断调整测试和优化,裂解炉实现了100％自控率;依据原料性质,停止裂解重石脑油,将重石脑油全部改供给小重整装置做原料,同时将碳四与轻石脑油混和,提高了产率与原料利用率;采用“7＋l”裂解模式并进行在线烧焦大大降低了运行成本。     

冶金焦炭焦末含量及筛分组成试验的影响因素

焦末含量及筛分组成是冶金焦炭的重要指标,讨论了不同采样地点、采样方式及不同筛分方法对该指标的影响。结果表明:避免焦炭在装卸、运输及储存中产生粒度离析,采用机械筛分法或者手筛法是减少对焦末含量及筛分组成影响的有效手段。     

劣质蜡油加氢处理催化剂上金属杂质沉积规律研究

在缓和加氢条件下,采用新研制的FCC原料预处理催化剂处理含渣劣质蜡油,研究反应规律和杂质沉积规律。结果表明,研制的催化剂孔容和平均孔径较大,金属杂质在整个床层均匀沉积,在每个颗粒中由边缘到中心也均匀分布,这种沉积特点提高了催化剂活性稳定性。在2 500 h连续实验运转过程中,脱硫率无明显下降。     

四氯化碳作为反应原料的研究进展

四氯化碳是蒙特利尔公约限制应用的消耗臭氧层物质之一，目前，它作为氟里昂的生产原料以及在清洗和化工过程助剂等方面的应用正逐渐被淘汰，根据蒙特利尔公司，四氯化碳作为化工原料是可以继续使用的，因此，开发它的原料用途和技术对于平衡过剩的四氯化碳产品，保护臭氧层具有重要的现实意义，介绍了国内外四氯化碳转化技术的研究进展。