Effect of coagulation temperature on structures and properties of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers during dry-jet wet-spinning process

The effect of coagulation temperature on the morphology, microstructures and mechanical properties of dihydroxy poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers was investigated during dry-jet wet-spinning process, in which the coagulation bath concentration and drawn ratio were kept as 10 wt% of PPA in water and 1.7, respectively. The structures and mechanical properties of the as-spun DHPBO fibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and single fiber tensile testing. The results indicated that in PPA/H₂O coagulation system, when the coagulation temperature was 25°C, highly crystallized DHPBO as-spun fibers possessing fine crystallites, circular and smooth morphology, and excellent mechanical properties could be achieved. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50673017), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No. B603) and the Program of Introducing Taleuts of Discipline to University of People’s Republic of China (“111” Program) (Grant No. 111-2-04)     

Effects of various fillers on sintering,microstructures and properties of Ca-Ba-Al-B-Si-O glass/ceramic composites简

Low-temperature sintering and properties of LTCC （low temperature co-fired ceramics） materials based on CaO-BaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 glass and various fillers such as Al2O3, silica glass, christobalite, AlN, ZrO2, MgO-SiO2, TiO2 were investigated. The results show that densification, crystallization, microstructures and dielectric properties of the composites are found to strongly depend on the type of filler. The densification process of glass/ceramic composites with various fillers is mainly from 600 ℃ to 925 ℃, and the initial compacting temperature of samples is 600 ℃. The initial rapid densification of samples starts at its glass softening temperature. LTCC compositions containing Al2O3, silica glass, AlN and MgO-SiO2 fillers start to have the crystallization peaks at 890, 903, 869 and 844 ℃, respectively. The crystallization peaks are believed as correlated to the crystallization of CaAl2SiO8, β-SiO2, Ca2Al2SiO7 and β-SiO2. The composite ceramic with Al2O3, silica glass and TiO2 ceramic have a better dense structure and better smooth fracture surface. Sample for Al2O3 has the lowest dielectric loss tanδ value of 0.00091, whereas the sample for MgO.SiO, has the highest dielectric loss tanδ value of 0.02576. The sample for TiO2 has the highest dielectric constant value of 14.46, whereas the sample for AIN has the lowest dielectric constant value of 4.61.     

One-step creation of hierarchical fractal structures

Relatively recently, we advanced a route to create, in a controlled fashion, combined horizontal and vertical stratified structures by simple and energy-efficient processing operations employing static mixing elements. While in state-of-the-art static mixing the focus is on layer multiplication, here the aim is to create hierarchical fractal structures. Therefore, the main question addressed in this article is how structures, rather than layers, can be multiplied. The key aspect is the addition of layers on the sides or in the midplane of the flow during the process; every addition step increases the hierarchy by one level. This article derives the general formalism for forming fractal structures with controlled hierarchy, and we develop the language required to design and construct the dies. The main part of the article addresses this main topic and is based on the splitting serpentine static mixer geometry that can be easily made on the parting surfaces of a mold on both the micro- and the macroscale. The second part of the article addresses the strategy to minimize the number of mirroring steps, eventually avoiding mirroring completely, and is based on the rotation-free multiflux static mixer geometry. With the design language derived, complex hierarchical fractal structures can be generated simply by changing the number and sequence of operators within extrusion dies or molds, providing a one-step solution to produce material structures for potential use in diverse applications ranging from advanced mechanical systems to photovoltaic devices, where controlled assembly of dissimilar materials, and the realization of huge interfaces and genuine cocontinuity throughout the cross section, is critical.     

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF Al-Mg-Li-Zr ALLOYS-CONTAINING SILVER

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Processing,deformation, and failure in superplastic aluminum alloys: Applications of orientation-imaging microscopy

The importance of grain size refinement in enabling superplasticity is reviewed, and the current understanding of grain boundary characteristics is summarized. The application of orientation-imaging microscopy (OIM) methods to the processing response and the deformation and failure modes in superplastic aluminum alloys are illustrated through microtexture analysis and determination of grain boundary characteristics in selected commercial materials. Continuous and discontinuous recrystallization reactions exhibit distinct microtextures and grain boundary characteristics. The application of OIM and microtexture analysis to the evaluation of both deformation and failure mechanisms during superplastic forming is illustrated. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming, sponsored by the Manufacturing Critical Sector at the ASM International AeroMat 2004 Conference and Exposition, June 8–9, 2004, in Seattle, WA. The symposium was organized by Daniel G. Sanders, The Boeing Company.     

稀土硼锆在HPb59-1黄铜中的细化变质效果

研究了微量稀土、硼、锆对HPb59-1合金的细化变质作用.结果表明:0.0001%～0.001%的硼具有显著细化变质效果;0.03%～0.05%稀土也能消除铸态柱状晶,但细化晶粒能力远小于微量硼;微量锆细化变质效果不明显.高温(680℃×40min)组织显示,稀土、锆及过量硼的添加,均提高合金α→β转变温度,从而影响热加工性能.     

微量硼在HPb59-1黄铜中的细化变质作用

研究了微量硼对HPb59-1合金的细化变质作用。结果表明:0.0001%￣0.0010%的硼具有显著细化变质效果,使发达的柱状晶转化为30￣50μm的等轴晶;高温(680℃×40min)组织显示,微量硼的铸态细化变质组织在高温有较好的热稳定性,对α→β转变影响较小。但过量硼的添加,将减缓α→β转变,提高转变温度,从而影响热加工性能,为此,硼添加量应小于0.001%。     

热处理对Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr合金组织与性能的影响

通过差热分析和X射线衍射分析及硬度、拉伸性能和电导率测试,研究了热处理工艺对A l-9.0Zn-2.5M g-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:合金的峰值时效工艺为:120℃×22 h;综合性能最佳的热处理工艺为:120℃×22 h+180℃×30 m in+120℃×22 h的回归再时效处理(RRA)。经RRA处理,合金的σb为733.4 MPa,δ为5.4%,电导率为37.6%IACS。     

中硅钼球墨铸铁的研制

根据国外相关技术标准，设计、研制了中硅钼球墨铸铁，并测试、分析了其铸态组织、力学性能、抗高温氧化性能。结果表明，该成分的材料在铸态下完全符合技术要求。     

Preparation and properties of alloy 2618 reinforced by submicron AIN particles

An attempt was made to explore the possibility of fabricating AA2618 reinforced by submicron AIN particles. The results show that the addition of AIN particles decreases remarkably the grain size of the alloy. The 2618-AIN dispersion-strengthened alloy has the same strength as AA2618 at room temperature in the T6 state, but exhibits significantly higher strength after isothermal exposure at 200 °C for 100 h. The strength of the dispersion-strengthened alloy at elevated temperatures was greater than that of AA2618.