Nanosized silica‐supported metallocene/MAO catalyst for propylene polymerization

A nanosized silica particle was used as the support to prepare an Et[Ind]₂ZrCl₂/MAO catalyst for propylene polymerization of polypropylene. The catalyst and the polymer produced were characterized with nitrogen adsorption, ICP, DSC, SEM, TEM, XRD, solution viscometer, ¹³C NMR and optical microscopy. The effects of polymerization temperature and [Al]/[Zr] ratio on catalyst activity and polymer melting point were investigated. Under identical reaction conditions, nanosized catalyst exhibited better polymerization activity than the microsized catalyst (e.g., the former had 64% higher activity than the latter at the optimum polymerization temperature (50°C) and [Al]/[Zr] = 570). DSC results indicated that polymer melting point increased with the increase of [Al]/[Zr] ratio and with the decrease of polymerization temperature. XRD results showed that the percentage of γ crystals increased with decreasing [Al]/[Zr] ratio. Electron microscopic results showed that the polymer particle size increased with increasing polymerization temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2573–2580, 2006     

Preparation and properties of T300 carbon fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic polyimide composites

In this study, a series of T300 carbon fiber‐reinforced polyimide (CFRPI) composites were prepared by laminating premolding polyimide (PI) films with unidirectional carbon fiber (CF) layers. On the basis of PI systems design, the effect of CF volume fraction, processing conditions, and PI molecular structure on the properties of CFRPI composites was studied in detail. In addition, two kinds of nano‐particles, including carbon nano‐tube (CNT) and SiO₂ were filled into the premolding PI films with different concentrations. And the effect of nano‐particles on the properties of CFRPI composites was also investigated. The surface characteristic of T300 CF was measured by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The properties of premolding PI film and CFRPI composites were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA), SANS testing machine, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and so forth. These experimental results showed that the properties of CFRPI composites were mainly affected by the premolding PI film and molding condition. The change of CF volume fraction from 55% to 65% took little effect on the mechanical properties of CFRPI composites. In addition, the incorporation of nano‐particle SiO₂ could further improve the properties of CFRPI composites, but CNT hardly improved the properties of CFRPI composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 646–654, 2006     

基于FA/MR分析方法的徐州市大气颗粒物PAHs源解析

在徐州市布设3个采样点,进行大气颗粒物采样.通过因子分析法（FA）判断徐州市大气颗粒物中多环芳烃的主要来源,并利用多元逐步回归法（MR）确定各污染源对多环芳烃污染的贡献率.结果表明,徐州市大气颗粒物中多环芳烃的主要来源为交通污染源、燃煤污染源和高温加热源,贡献率分别为61.4%、20.5%和16.1%.     

Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings

Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were electrodeposited using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified Watt’s nickel bath with Fe₂O₃ particles dispersed in it. The effects of the plating parameters on the chemical composition, structural and morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that Fe₂O₃ particles can be codeposited in the Ni-Co matrix. The codeposition of Fe₂O₃ particles with Ni-Co is favoured at high Fe₂O₃ particle concentration and medium stirring, and the deposition of Co is favoured at high concentration of CTAB. Moreover, the study of the textural perfection of the deposits reveals that the presence of particles leads to the worsening of the quality of the observed 〈220〉 preferred orientation. Composites with high concentration of embedded particles exhibit a preferred crystal orientation of 〈111〉. The more the embedded Fe₂O₃ particles in the metallic matrix, the smaller the sizes of the crystallite for the composite deposits.     

纳米Al2O3改性PVDF超滤膜的制备及其抗污染性

为改善聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜的水通量和抗污染性能,以无机纳米氧化铝粒子作为添加剂与PVDF共混,采用相转换法流延成膜.用接触角测定仪测得膜与水的接触角用以表征膜的亲水性的变化;用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察膜的表面孔分布和断面孔的结构及纳米颗粒在膜中的分散情况;采用万能电子试验机(W-56)强度测定仪测定膜的机械性能;利用杯试超滤装置对改性膜的抗污染性能进行研究,并对污染膜上的污染物进行了气相色谱和质谱分析.结果表明,纳米Al2O3的加入量(质量百分比)为2%时,改性膜具有较好的水通量、强度和抗污染性能;纳米Al2O3的加入没有改变膜的微观结构.改性膜在保持PVDF有机膜原有特性的基础上,通过改善PVDF膜的表面亲水性而使其通量和抗污染性能得到增强.     

温度和初始颗粒大小对絮体破碎再絮凝的研究

鉴于絮体的形成/破碎/再絮凝过程在适当条件下具有强化去除水中颗粒物的效果,研究温度和初始颗粒大小对絮体破碎再絮凝去除水中颗粒的影响.采用PDA2000透光率脉动检测仪对絮体破碎再絮凝过程进行在线监测.结果表明,在较低温度条件下,絮体破碎后能有较大的恢复率;初始颗粒越大,絮体大小恢复率越高,由较小初始颗粒产生的絮体经破碎后再絮凝其再生能力不如大颗粒,沉后水浊度与大颗粒相比不具有降低优势.当电中和机理占主导作用时,絮体破碎后能重新絮凝,絮体大小能恢复到破碎之前;而当网捕卷扫机理占主导作用时,絮体的恢复能力不如电中和条件,再絮凝能力降低.絮体破碎后再絮凝的沉后水浊度明显低于破碎前,水温对其结果的影响不大.絮体破碎后再絮凝,适用于较大的初始颗粒和较低水温.     

干燥、粉碎一体化装置

本文对干燥、粉碎一体化装置的典型设备惰性粒子流化床干燥器进行剖析,介绍应用情况,并作了经济性评价。     

空间晶体生长流体效应的实验研究和理论分析

在空间晶体生长实时观察装置上，利用溶液中形成的铌酸钾微晶作示踪粒子，首次在空间高温氧化物熔液内，实时观察和记录了空间表面和力对流效应。利用测量的结果计算了熔体内空间表面张力对流的速度场，并与地面表面张力对流的速度场进行了对比，理论计算与实验结果基本吻合。探讨了空间均匀分布铌酸钾微晶的形成机理。结果表明：表面张务对流在空间晶体生长过程中起主要作用，是形成均匀分布胞状晶体的主要机理。     

Preparation of composite particles made from solid powders and wasted plastics by semichemical recycle method

Composite particles composed of solid powders and polymer were prepared by semichemical recycle of wasted plastics. Waste expanded polystyrene was used as raw materials of polymer matrix of composite particles. Both magnetite and silicon carbide powders were used as solid powders to give thermal and electric conductivity and magnetization, respectively. In the experiment, the oil‐phase dissolving expanded polystyrene was dispersed in fine droplets into the continuous water phase. Two kinds of powders were added at the same time or separately in the O/W dispersion. Composite particles were found to have the structure that polymer particle was covered with two kinds of solid powders. The mean diameter of composite particles and the content of each solid powder were strongly affected by the addition time when silicon carbide powder was added into the dispersion. Furthermore, it was found that the gradient adhesion layer due to two solid powders was able to be formed on the surface of polymer particle. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 483–488, 2003