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31.
Tissue engineered grafts show great potential as regenerative implants for diseased or injured tissues within the human body. However, these grafts suffer from poor nutrient perfusion and waste transport, thus decreasing their viability post-transplantation. Graft vascularization is therefore a major area of focus within tissue engineering because biologically relevant conduits for nutrient and oxygen perfusion can improve viability post-implantation. Many researchers used microphysiological systems as testing platforms for potential grafts owing to an ability to integrate vascular networks as well as biological characteristics such as fluid perfusion, 3D architecture, compartmentalization of tissue-specific materials, and biophysical and biochemical cues. Although many methods of vascularizing these systems exist, microvascular self-assembly has great potential for bench-to-clinic translation as it relies on naturally occurring physiological events. In this review, the past decade of literature is highlighted, and the most important and tunable components yielding a self-assembled vascular network on chip are critically discussed: endothelial cell source, tissue-specific supporting cells, biomaterial scaffolds, biochemical cues, and biophysical forces. This paper discusses the bioengineered systems of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis and includes a brief overview of multicellular systems. It concludes with future avenues of research to guide the next generation of vascularized microfluidic models. 相似文献
32.
ABSTRACTThis paper proposes the multiple-hypotheses image segmentation and feed-forward neural network classifier for food recognition to improve the performance. Initially, the food or meal image is given as input. Then, the segmentation is applied to identify the regions, where a particular food item is located using salient region detection, multi-scale segmentation, and fast rejection. Then, the features of every food item are extracted by the global feature and local feature extraction. After the features are obtained, the classification is performed for each segmented region using a feed-forward neural network model. Finally, the calorie value is computed with the aid of (i) food volume and (ii) calorie and nutrition measure based on mass value. The experimental results and performance evaluation are validated. The outcome of the proposed method attains 0.947 for Macro Average Accuracy (MAA) and 0.959 for Standard Accuracy (SA), which provides better classification performance. 相似文献
33.
Single image super resolution (SISR) is an important research content in the
field of computer vision and image processing. With the rapid development of deep
neural networks, different image super-resolution models have emerged. Compared to
some traditional SISR methods, deep learning-based methods can complete the superresolution tasks through a single image. In addition, compared with the SISR methods
using traditional convolutional neural networks, SISR based on generative adversarial
networks (GAN) has achieved the most advanced visual performance. In this review, we
first explore the challenges faced by SISR and introduce some common datasets and
evaluation metrics. Then, we review the improved network structures and loss functions
of GAN-based perceptual SISR. Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of
different networks are analyzed by multiple comparative experiments. Finally, we
summarize the paper and look forward to the future development trends of GAN-based
perceptual SISR. 相似文献
34.
35.
动态评价技术在塔河碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏中的应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
塔河油田奥陶系油气藏是大型碳酸盐岩溶洞型油气藏,其储渗空间主要为大小不同的溶洞、裂缝带、溶蚀孔隙等组成,该油气藏具有极强的非均质性,单纯用静态资料来认识这类油气藏是非常困难。文章提出利用生产动态资料和信息进行该类型油气藏研究的新思路,利用人工神经网络技术在处理非线性相关参数预测方面的优势,并以渗流理论为基础,结合试井成果,选用已知油井的产量、油嘴、油压、含水率、气油比、原油密度等6个开发动态参数作为样品输入数据,推导出影响油气藏开发的重要参数(地层系数)与生产信息的关系,建立了人工神经网络预测储层参数的结构模型。通过塔里木盆地塔河油气田实例研究,说明了利用动态信息评价油气藏技术在碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏储层预测和非均质性分析等方面具有较高的实用价值。 相似文献
36.
异构分层无线网络中基于逗留时间的动态流量均衡算法研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为使异构分层无线网络能服务更多的移动用户,提出了一种基于逗留时间的动态流量均衡算法.该算法首先根据用户移动模型计算其在小区内的逗留时间,然后基于小区呼叫到达率和重叠覆盖小区的流量状态来确定一个周期内呼叫转移的数量,最后依据逗留时间门限值将重负载小区中满足条件的呼叫转移到轻负载的重叠覆盖小区中.为降低切换呼叫掉线率,还对异构网间的呼叫切换策略做了改进.仿真实验结果表明,本算法在新呼叫阻塞率和切换呼叫掉线率等性能指标上比传统方法有显著的提高. 相似文献
37.
应用人工神经网络处理部分广东地区煤质分析数据,建立网络模型,预测出煤的发热量,经实测值与预测值比较,在一定的煤种范围内预测值与实测值比较接近。 相似文献
38.
Efficient multicast search under delay and bandwidth constraints 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The issue of a multicast search for a group of users is discussed in this study. Given the condition that the search is over
only after all the users in the group are found, this problem is called the Conference Call Search (CCS) problem. The goal
is to design efficient CCS strategies under delay and bandwidth constraints. While the problem of tracking a single user has
been addressed by many studies, to the best of our knowledge, this study is one of the first attempts to reduce the search
cost for multiple users. Moreover, as oppose to the single user tracking, for which one can always reduce the expected search
delay by increasing the expected search cost, for a multicast search the dependency between the delay and the search cost
is more complicated, as demonstrated in this study. We identify the key factors affecting the search efficiency, and the dependency
between them and the search delay. Our analysis shows that under tight bandwidth constraints, the CCS problem is NP-hard.
We therefore propose a search method that is not optimal, but has a low computational complexity. In addition, the proposed
strategy yields a low search delay as well as a low search cost. The performance of the proposed search strategy is superior
to the implementation of an optimal single user search on a group of users.
Amotz Bar-Noy received the B.Sc. degree in 1981 in Mathematics and Computer Science and the Ph.D. degree in 1987 in Computer Science, both
from the Hebrew University, Israel. From October 1987 to September 1989 he was a post-doc fellow in Stanford University, California.
From October 1989 to August 1996 he was a Research Staff Member with IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, New York. From February
1995 to September 2001 he was an associate Professor with the Electrical Engineering-Systems department of Tel Aviv University,
Israel. From September 1999 to December 2001 he was with AT research labs in New Jersey. Since February 2002 he is a Professor
with the Computer and Information Science Department of Brooklyn College - CUNY, Brooklyn New York.
Zohar Naor received the Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, in 2000. Since 2003 he is with
the University of Haifa, Israel. His areas of interests include wireless networks, resource management of computer networks,
mobility, search strategies, and multiple access protocols. 相似文献
39.
40.
人工智能的原理及应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
介绍了人工智能的发展,并对改进的神经网络专家系统的优越性做了介绍,指出了神经网络专家系统广阔的应用前景及实现。 相似文献