铸造／热压Pr—Fe—B磁体的矫顽力及其与晶粒尺寸关系

研究了铸造/热压 r_(19)Fe_(74.5)B_5Cu_(1.5)永磁体的磁硬化特点.发现磁体反磁化过程受反向畴的形核控制.矫顽力与晶粒尺寸的对数存在线性关系: _iH_c(MA/m)=1.7312—0.4816Ind(μm)根据反向畴形核的随机性和矫顽力的统计特性讨论了该式的物理意义。     

液态金属快速结晶的热力学驱动力

采用超高真空无容器悬浮熔炼技术使液态Ｆｅ和Ｎｉ的过冷度分别达２００和２３５Ｋ，借助量热法测定出其比热各为４８．６和４０．５Ｊ·ｍｏｌ~（－１）·Ｋ~（－１）．据此精确计算出深过冷Ｆｅ和Ｎｉ快速结晶的热力学驱动力△Ｇ_（ＬＳ），并与Ｔｕｒｎｂｕｌｌ模型和Ｄｕｂｅｙ－Ｒａｍａｃｈａｎｄｒａｒａｏ模型的近似计算结果相比较，发现这两种近似模型在过冷度超过１００Ｋ时均产生大于１％的偏差．进一步分析发现，△Ｇ_（ＬＳ）的计算偏差对深过冷液态金属中晶体形核率的影响极大，因此快速凝固研究中应尽可能精确计算△Ｇ_（ＬＳ）．     

基于VC++的金属凝固过程微观组织演变的可视化研究

以Al-4%Cu合金为例，利用热焓法处理结晶潜热，再根据相变热传导的等效热容法有限元理论，求解了该合金凝固过程的温度场分布；结合连续形核模型和枝晶尖端生长的动力学模型，进行了温度场与晶粒组织形成过程的耦合模拟；通过调用VC＋＋的图形设备接口函数库和设备环境功能，实现了晶粒形成过程的计算机可视化。     

脉冲电流对Sn—Pb合金凝固组织的影响

研究了脉电流流对Ｓｎ－１０％Ｐｂ合金凝固组织的实验，实验表明，粗大的富Ｓｎ树枝状初晶细化成近球状结构，提出了一个脉冲电流对凝固组织影响的唯象机制，用经典的均匀形核理论和电动力学理论导出了脉冲压力与脉冲电流之间和成核率与脉冲压力之间的关系，脉冲电流产生的大小不同的脉冲压力对晶核的形成和长大产生不同程度的影响是导致不同观测结果的基本原因。     

亚微米碳化硅粉末的制备

采用硅酸乙脂和酚醛树脂为原料,合成了具有高混合度的Ｃ／ＳｉＯ２混合物。高温碳热反应后,得到亚微米级的球状粉末,并且粉末粒度分布范围小。本文对碳热反应中一氧化硅的损失作了定量分析。结果表明,较高Ｃ／ＳｉＯ２比导致较低一氧化硅损失和较高的碳化硅产量。在１５００℃反应后,Ｃ／ＳｉＯ２＝３时,一氧化硅的损失达约２０％。而当Ｃ／ＳｉＯ２＝５时,损失＜５％。较高的Ｃ／ＳｉＯ２比对碳化硅的形成速度有明显的促进作     

Targeted Nanoparticle Thermometry: A Method to Measure Local Temperature at the Nanoscale Point Where Water Vapor Nucleation Occurs

An optical nanothermometer technique based on laser trapping, moving and targeted attaching an erbium oxide nanoparticle cluster is developed to measure the local temperature. The authors apply this new nanoscale temperature measuring technique (limited by the size of the nanoparticles) to measure the temperature of vapor nucleation in water. Vapor nucleation is observed after superheating water above the boiling point for degassed and nondegassed water. The average nucleation temperature for water without gas is 560 K but this temperature is lowered by 100 K when gas is introduced into the water. The authors are able to measure the temperature inside the bubble during bubble formation and find that the temperature inside the bubble spikes to over 1000 K because the heat source (optically‐heated nanorods) is no longer connected to liquid water and heat dissipation is greatly reduced.     

钛合金中ω相变的研究进展

钛合金中的ω相及其相变对合金的组织性能影响较大,因此近年来ω相变也成为钛合金研究中的热点问题之一。从ω相的形成、分解、组织形貌以及ω相辅助α形核的角度总结归纳了相关研究报道,对比了相关模型观点的优缺点,阐述了ω相目前仍存在的学术分歧。     

Effects of thermal annealing as polymer processing step on poly(lactic acid)

Thermal annealing as an additional polymer processing step or post-treatment processing step enables the structural changes of amorphous parts into crystalline parts. This paper investigates the feasibility of thermal annealing at 100°C up to 90?min used as an additional processing step to modify the crystalline structure and the thermo-mechanical stability of poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Moreover, the crystallization ability of PLA has been amended by the addition of 3?wt% of wood flour and kaolin. The values of the degree of crystallinity and lamellar thickness determined by wide-angle-X-ray scattering showed that the thermal annealing of PLA samples modified with nucleating agents was an efficient processing step to increase the final crystallinity of PLA. Moreover, altered crystalline structure helped to improve the thermomechanical stability of PLA.     

Nucleation Crystallography of Ni Grains on CrFeNb Inoculants Investigated by Edge‐to‐Edge Matching Model in an IN718 Superalloy

In this work, the nucleation crystallography of CrFeNb intermetallic particles as a grain refiner for Ni‐based IN718 superalloys is studied using Edge‐to‐Edge Matching model. Three distinguishable orientation relationships between CrFeNb intermetallic particles and Ni grains are well predicted: , (111)_Ni 1.28° from (0004)_CrFeNb, , (111)_Ni 1.32° from _CrFeNb, and _Ni//[0001]_CrFeNb, (111)_Ni 0.72° from _CrFeNb. The results indicate that CrFeNb intermetallic particles have a strong nucleation potency as an effective grain refiner for Ni‐based superalloy and the existence of semi‐coherent interfaces between the CrFeNb intermetallic particles and Ni grains. Furthermore, the IN718 superalloy is used to experimentally validate the grain refinement effect of CrFeNb intermetallic particles, showing that its grain size is obviously refined from 8.60 to 1.23 mm. And, the corresponding heterogeneous nucleation mechanism of grain refinement at the atomic level is further identified.