Behavioral Phenotype of the Reeler Mutant Mouse: Effects of Reln Gene Dosage and Social Isolation.

Reeler (rl/rl) and reeler/wild-type (+/rl) mice synthesize Reln at subnormal rates, as do patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism, thereby forming the basis for a Reln hypothesis for vulnerability to these psychopathologies and justifying attention to the behavioral phenotypes of Reln-deficient mice. Tests of gait, emotionality, social aggression, spatial working memory, novel-object detection, fear conditioning, and sensorimotor reflex modulation revealed the behavioral phenotype of rl/rl, but not +/rl, mice to be different from that of wild-type (+/+) mice. These results reveal no effect of Reln gene dosage and provide significant challenges to both the Reln and the neurodevelopmental hypotheses of the etiology of major psychopathologies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

一种笔形无线鼠标的设计

介绍一种利于书写、绘画的笔形无线鼠标的设计。该笔形无线鼠标不仅具有传统无线鼠标的所有功能,还在外形结构及定位方式上有了人性化的改进。首先将传统鼠标形状改为笔形设计更利于书写、绘画时使用,其次将光学定位改用加速度传感器定位设计,使其可以脱离桌面悬空使用。调查表明,笔形无线鼠标具有广泛的应用领域。     

Optical Tissue Clearing to Study the Intra-Pulmonary Biodistribution of Intravenously Delivered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Interactions with Host Lung Cells

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) injected intravenously are trapped in the capillaries of the lungs and die within the first 24 h. Studying the biodistribution and fate of labelled therapeutic cells in the 3D pulmonary context is important to understand their function in this organ and gain insights into their mechanisms of action. Optical tissue clearing enables volumetric cell tracking at single-cell resolution. Thus, we compared three optical tissue-clearing protocols (Clear, Unobstructed Brain/Body Imaging Cocktails and Computational analysis (CUBIC), modified stabilised 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs (s-DISCO) and ethyl cinnamate (ECi)) to evaluate their potential to track the biodistribution of human umbilical cord MSCs expressing the tdTomato fluorescence reporter and investigate how they interact with host cells in the mouse lung. The results showed that although CUBIC clearing is the only method that enables direct imaging of fluorescently labelled MSCs, combining s-DISCO or ECi with immunofluorescence or dye labelling allows the interaction of MSCs with endothelial and immune cells to be studied. Overall, this comparative study offers guidance on selecting an optical tissue-clearing method for cell tracking applications.     

基于UG／ISV的数控机床加工仿真设计

以教学过程中典型零件鼠标外壳模型为例，研究了UG／ISV下数控机床仿真模型的构建与仿真过程，包括数字模型与装配、运动仿真以及在仿真模型的加工仿真，研究表明：应用UG的各功能模块可以有效地构建数控机床的仿真模型，并对其加工进行全面的仿真，提高产品设计效率。     

The Ameliorative Effect of Dexamethasone on the Development of Autoimmune Lung Injury and Mediastinal Fat-Associated Lymphoid Clusters in an Autoimmune Disease Mouse Model

In our previous study, we revealed the ameliorative therapeutic effect of dexamethasone (Dex) for Lupus nephritis lesions in the MRL/MpJ-Fas ^lpr/lpr (Lpr) mouse model. The female Lpr mice developed a greater number of mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid clusters (MFALCs) and inflammatory lung lesions compared to the male mice. However, the effect of Dex, an immunosuppressive drug, on both lung lesions and the development of MFALCs in Lpr mice has not been identified yet. Therefore, in this study, we compared the development of lung lesions and MFALCs in female Lpr mice that received either saline (saline group “SG”) or dexamethasone (dexamethasone group “DG”) in drinking water as a daily dose along with weekly intraperitoneal injections for 10 weeks. Compared to the SG group, the DG group showed a significant reduction in the levels of serum anti-dsDNA antibodies, the size of MFALCs, the degree of lung injury, the area of high endothelial venules (HEVs), and the number of proliferating and immune cells in both MFALCs and the lungs. A significant positive correlation was observed between the size of MFALCs and the cellular aggregation in the lungs of Lpr mice. Therefore, this study confirmed the ameliorative effect of Dex on the development of lung injury and MFALCs via their regressive effect on both immune cells’ proliferative activity and the development of HEVs. Furthermore, the reprogramming of MFALCs by targeting immune cells and HEVs may provide a therapeutic strategy for autoimmune-disease-associated lung injury.     

砒石对哮喘小鼠白三烯B4 及5-脂氧合酶基因表达的影响

目的: 探讨白三烯B4 (LTB4) 水平、5-脂氧合酶(5-LO) 基因表达在小鼠哮喘发病中的作用以及砒石(arsenolite, As) 对哮喘的治疗作用与LTB4 水平及5-LO 基因表达的关系。方法: 建立小鼠卵蛋白哮喘模型, 灌胃给予砒石等药, 用ELISA 的方法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF) LTB4 含量;用RT-PCR 的方法检测肺组织中5-LO mRNA 表达的变化。结果: 哮喘小鼠BALF 中LTB4 水平、肺组织5-LO 基因表达水平较正常对照组显著升高。4 种剂量的砒石均可抑制哮喘小鼠BALF 中LTB4 的水平, 均能降低哮喘小鼠5-LO mRNA 表达的量。其中砒石5.00 mg·kg^-1 剂量的效果优于砒石0.625 mg·kg^-1剂量的效果。结论: LTB4 在气道中的高水平, 5-LO 基因表达的上调在OVA 致敏小鼠的哮喘发病中起重要作用。砒石可显著降低哮喘小鼠BALF 中LTB4 水平, 抑制哮喘小鼠肺组织中5-LO 基因的表达, 从而表现出抗哮喘的活性。     

基于光电传感器的移动机器人室内定位

设计了一种基于光电鼠标和电子罗盘的机器人定位系统.通过放置在小车尾部中央位置的光电鼠标芯片测出X和Y的单位时间内的位移数据,经过STM32处理得到坐标值,并将小车的坐标值等信息显示在液晶屏上.通过电子罗盘得到小车的航向.在获取小车坐标与方向后,上位机通过无线模块向小车发送控制命令,从而控制小车的行驶轨迹,并将行其显示在上位机界面.经实验测试,测量位移的定位误差在0.45％,可以达到满足机器人室内定位系统的要求.     

Imaging of mouse experimental melanoma in vivo and ex vivo by combination of confocal and nonlinear microscopy

We investigated possibilities of the combination of the one- and two-photon excitation microscopy for examination of the experimental melanoma tissue in vivo, in mice under general anesthesia, and ex vivo on freshly harvested specimens. Our aim was to obtain sufficiently informative images of unstained tumor tissues and their modifications after hyperthermia treatment. The mouse experimental melanoma structure was studied and compared with normal tissue from the same animal by using confocal and nonlinear microscopy techniques based on (i) one-photon excitation (1PE) fluorescence, (ii) 1PE reflectance, (iii) second harmonic generation imaging, and (iv) two-photon excitation autofluorescence. We checked different spectral conditions and other settings of image acquisition, as well as combinations of the above imaging modalities, to fully exploit the potential of these techniques in the evaluation of treated and untreated cancer tissue morphology. Our approach enabled to reveal the collagen fiber network in relation with the other tissues, and to identify invasive tumor cells. It also proved to be useful for the examination of interrelationships between functional and morphological aspects based on optical properties of the tissues, especially in studies of changes between the tumor and control tissue, as well as changes induced by physical treatments, e.g., delivery of microwave hyperthermia treatment. These differences were also evaluated quantitatively, when we found out that the maximum Euler–Poincaré characteristic reflects well the melanoma morphological structure. The results showed that the proposed investigative approach could be suitable also for a direct evaluation of tissue modifications induced by clinical interventions. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Evidence for social anxiety and impaired social cognition in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.

This study assessed social behavior in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the Fmr1 tm1Cgr or Fmr1 "knockout" (KO) mouse. Both the KO and wild-type (WT) mice preferred to be near a novel conspecific than to be alone. However, during the initial interaction with a novel conspecific, (1) a greater proportion of the KO mice exhibited high levels of grooming; and (2) the average duration of nose contact with the stimulus mouse was significantly shorter for the KO mice, both indicative of increased arousal and/or anxiety. Both groups exhibited a robust novelty preference when the novel animal was a "preferred" mouse. However, when the novel mouse was a "nonpreferred" animal, both groups showed a diminished novelty preference but this effect was more pronounced for the WT mice. This blunted negative reaction of the KO mice to a nonpreferred animal may indicate that they were less proficient than controls in distinguishing between positive and negative social interactions. These findings provide support for the use of this animal model to study the autistic features of FXS and autism spectrum disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of Long-term Intake of Rare Earth in Drinking Water on Trace Elements in Brains of Mice

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