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91.
Conditions for stability of the extended Kalman filter and their application to the frequency tracking problem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barbara F. La Scala Robert R. Bitmead Matthew R. James 《Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems (MCSS)》1995,8(1):1-26
The error dynamics of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), employed as an observer for a general nonlinear, stochastic discrete time system, are analyzed. Sufficient conditions for the boundedness of the errors of the EKF are determined. An expression for the bound on the errors is given in terms of the size of the nonlinearities of the system and the error covariance matrices used in the design of the EKF. The results are applied to the design of a stable EKF frequency tracker for a signal with time-varying frequency.This research was supported by the Co-operative Research Centre for Robust and Adaptive Systems ((CR)2 ASys). The authors wish to acknowledge the funding of the activities of (CR)2 ASys by the Australian Commonwealth Government under the Co-operative Research Centre Program. 相似文献
92.
从侧钻井层、开窗工艺、井身剖面的优选和井眼轨迹控制、固井措施优化等方面,详细总结了套管开窗定向侧钻技术在吐哈油田老井改造中应用的经验,系统地描述了该技术应用的地质条件和工程要素,提出了吐哈侧钻井层优选的量化指标和固井质量的优化措施。近两年,该技术在老井治理、开采难动用储量、提高采收率、降低开发钻井成本等方面展现出广阔的前景。 相似文献
93.
94.
Gabriel Tsechpenakis Dimitris Metaxas Carol Neidle 《Computer Vision and Image Understanding》2006,104(2-3):140
We present a data-driven dynamic coupling between discrete and continuous methods for tracking objects of high dofs, which overcomes the limitations of previous techniques. In our approach, two trackers work in parallel, and the coupling between them is based on the tracking error. We use a model-based continuous method to achieve accurate results and, in cases of failure, we re-initialize the model using our discrete tracker. This method maintains the accuracy of a more tightly coupled system, while increasing its efficiency. At any given frame, our discrete tracker uses the current and several previous frames to search into a database for the best matching solution. For improved robustness, object configuration sequences, rather than single configurations, are stored in the database. We apply our framework to the problem of 3D hand tracking from image sequences and the discrimination between fingerspelling and continuous signs in American Sign Language. 相似文献
95.
一种高效的图像细化算法在焊缝跟踪中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对焊缝跟踪图像处理的特点,研究了二值化后的图像如何进一步细化的方法;采用先对焊缝的边缘进行提取,然后从垂直于焊缝的方向进行扫描的方法,取两条边缘的中点,即是焊缝的骨架;结果表明:此算法能准确地对一幅二值图细化,满足焊缝跟踪中图像处理的要求;这种算法的突出特点是计算量小,处理速度快,非常适合于焊缝的实时处理跟踪,而且不用改写算法,既适合于黑色背景白色图像,也适合于白色背景黑色图像.本算法通过推导得到四条处理准则,在遵循这几条处理准则的基础上逐点扫描图像,按照准则来确定目标点的删除与保留,达到细化的最终目的. 相似文献
96.
When describing scenes, speakers gaze at objects while preparing their names (Z. M. Griffin & K. Bock, 2000). In this study, the authors investigated whether gazes to referents occurred in the absence of a correspondence between visual features and word meaning. Speakers gazed significantly longer at objects before intentionally labeling them inaccurately with the names of similar things (e.g., calling a horse a dog) than when labeling them accurately. This held for grammatical subjects and objects as well as agents and patients. Moreover, the time spent gazing at a referent before labeling it with a novel word or accurate name was similar and decreased as speakers gained experience using the novel word. These results suggest that visual attention in speaking may be directed toward referents in the absence of any association between their visual forms and the words used to talk about them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
97.
Teaching-Material Design Center: An ontology-based system for customizing reusable e-materials 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Use of electronic teaching materials (e-material) to support teaching is a trend. e-Material design is therefore an important issue. Currently, most e-material providers offer a package of solutions for different purposes. However, not all teachers and learners need everything from a single package. A preferable alternative is to find useful material from different packages and combine them for a particular course. Currently, most educators collect the material manually, which is time-consuming and may result in missed material. In this paper, we describe a system – the Teaching-Material Design Center, which follows the standard of Sharable Content Object Reference Model – to separate e-material for use as teaching templates and learning objects and to label the material with use of semantic metadata for searching. This system can find existing teaching templates and learning objects for e-material designers and provide a convenient environment for constructing customized e-material for different requirements. We describe the implementation and evaluation of the proposed system for a course. Our system is efficient in finding teaching templates and learning objects and shortening the e-material development process. 相似文献
98.
本文首先根据文本中各个字符的颜色相似的特性,确定已知文本块的文本的颜色,利用文本的颜色信息二值化文本图像以得到文本块中的字符数、字符的尺寸和间距;其次,根据视频图像的大小和视频的播放速度确定搜索窗口的大小,并利用文本的运动信息来预测搜索窗口的位置;第三,根据在相邻两帧中具有相同内容文本的颜色相似的特性,提出了一个可以解决脉冲噪声和部分缺损或遮挡问题的稳健匹配准则来跟踪文本块;最后,确定跟踪输出的文本的颜色、尺寸和运动方式。本文方法可以很好地跟踪平移、缩小或放大、旋转、淡入淡出和部分被遮挡的水平或倾斜排列的文本,并且可以记录文本平移、旋转和缩放的速度。 相似文献
99.
Uma Maheswar Rao S. S. M. S. Abdul Majeed C. Venkataseshaiah R. Sarathi 《Bulletin of Materials Science》2002,25(6):473-475
In the present work, tracking phenomena has been studied with silicone rubber material under the a.c. and d.c. voltages following
IEC-587 standards. The surface condition of the tracked zone was analysed using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and thermogravimetric
differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) studies. The tracking time was different for a.c. and d.c. voltages. 相似文献
100.
MPEG-4自然视频编码技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对MPEG-4自然视频编码的关键技术作了详细的分析和阐述。首先介绍MPEG-4频语法结构,并对视频编码的框架概要分析。接着分析了自然视频编码中涉及到的关键技术,包括:VOP的产生;二值和灰度级α平面的编码技术;运动估计和补偿方法;纹理编码;基于对象的时间分级和空间分级;MPEG-4提供的再同步和各种错误掩盖,刷新方法,精 编码技术和零树小波基的静止图像编码技术。指出MPEG-4和MPEG-1,MPEG-2等标准的异同,突出MPEG-4的三个主要特点。最后给出MPEG-4技术在网络视频传输中的应用,并给出测试和分析。 相似文献