A new two-staged model to predict corrosion degree of steel bars in cracked concrete area

In order to quantitatively describe the local corrosion process of steel bars in cracked concrete area, a new two-staged utility model is established, and the effect of transverse cracks on the reinforcement corrosion is analyzed from the angle of long-term service performance evaluation for reinforced concrete structure. Moreover, based on the principle of spectral analysis for environmental action of concrete, an equivalent relationship is established between the corrosion rate in the natural environment and that under the standard temperature and relative humidity condition according to the principle of equivalent annual corrosion depth. Comparison between the inspection results from some references and the calculated values by the twostaged utility model validates the feasibility of the proposed model. The model was applied to Chinese Railway Track System(CRTS)Ⅱ ballastless track slab with transverse dummy joints, from which satisfactory results of corrosion degree of steel bars were obtained.     

Effect of curing conditions on the hydration and performance of CFBC ash cementitious system

Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash can be used as supplementary cementitious material for concrete production for its high pozzolanic activity. We investigated the effect of curing conditions on the hydration and performance of CFBC ash-Portland cement system （30： 70, by mass） including hydration products, paste microstructure, linear expansion ratio, chemically combined water content and compressive strength. The results show that tobermorite rather than ettringite is generated under the condition of autoclaved curing. The expansion and mortar strength of the system cured in water is higher than those cured in air at a given age, and the strength and bulk volume may retract under the condition of air curing. In addition, autoclaved curing facilitates the increase of strength gain at early curing ages （the increase rate lowers down in the following ages） and the improvement of system volume stability. It is suggested that sufficient water is necessary for the curing of CFBC ash cementitious system, and autoclaved curing may be considered where volume stability is a primary concern.     

钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点抗震试验

为了研究一种新型钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点的抗震性能,对不同参数的节点进行低周往复循环加载试验.节点均经历弹性、塑性和极限破坏三个阶段,且为环板与钢梁翼缘的连接处破坏.对比分析表明：节点的轴压比越大,承载力越低;环板越宽,承载力越高;方形环板比圆形环板承载力更高;垫板对节点试件的承载力有提高作用.钢管混凝土柱与型钢梁装配式节点设计合理、传力明确、承载力高、构造简单、施工方便,是一种值得推广的组合装配式节点形式.     

Improved high-rate performance and cycling stability of 1D LiFePO4 nanorods by a facile annealing process

To alleviate the main limitations of lithium ion diffusion rate and poor electronic conductivity for LiFePO4 cathode material, it is desirable to synthesize nano-size LiFePO4 material due to its enhanced electronic and lithium ion transport rates and thus an improved high-rate performance. However, our previous synthesized LiFePO4 nanorods only exhibited low high-rate and slightly unstable cycle performance. Possible reasons are the poor crystallization and Fe2+ oxidation of LiFePO4 nanorods prepared by hydrothermal method. In this paper, LiFePO4 nanorods were simply dealt with at 700 ℃ for 4 h under the protection of Ar and H2 mixture gas. The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/Li cells were investigated by galvanostatic test and cyclic voltammetry(CV). The experimental results indicated that the annealed LiFePO4 nanorods delivered an excellent cycling stability and obviously improved capacity of 150 mA·h·g-1 at 1C, and even 122 mA·h·g-1 at 5C.     

载体材料表面性质对定形相变材料相变行为的影响

为了研究载体材料与相变材料的界面相互作用机制,以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料、分子筛MCM-48和有序介孔碳CMK-5为载体材料,采用物理共混的方法制备PEG/MCM-48和PEG/CMK-5两类定形相变材料.利用氮气吸附、TEM、FT-IR、XRD和DSC等表征技术,研究定形相变材料中载体材料的表面性质对相变材料PEG的定形能力、结晶度、相变行为的影响规律.研究结果表明,CMK-5和MCM-48具有相似的有序介孔结构,但是其化学组成不同;CMK-5与PEG的界面相互作用力弱于MCM-48与PEG的界面相互作用力.因此,PEG在CMK-5中的结晶度和相变焓均大于其在MCM-48中的结晶度和相变焓.     

Mechanism of Fume Suppression and Performance on Asphalt of Expanded Graphite for Pavement under High Temperature Condition

Fume suppression mechanisms and the effect of expanded graphite on the performance of asphalt were studied by applying infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and comprehensive thermal analysis(TG, DSC). The experimental results confirm that asphalt which is mixed with expandable graphite will expand in the process of hot mix, and the expanded graphite layer will swell by the light component in the asphalt. The light component in the asphalt and PAHs adsorption on expanded graphite surface or part of the plug in the expanded graphite layer between plates made nucleation crystallization growth. And the Van der Waals force and the bonding of the lattice can effectively restrain the asphalt fume release. Meanwhile, the expanding agent with oxidative can spread into the asphalt, leading to asphalt oxygenated and plastic abate, while the ductility decreases. Expanded graphite, SBS modifier and environment- friendly plasticizers are used to composite modified asphalt. According to asphalt fume release experiment, normal test of asphalt performance, Brookfield viscosity test, RTFOT test and asphalt mixture tests(high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability), it has been proven that the modified asphalt's performance is better than that of matrix asphalt and equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt. Furthermore, it has good fume suppression effect.     

自适应惯性权重的改进粒子群算法

针对标准PSO算法求解高维非线性问题时存在的大量无效迭代(经过一轮迭代后全局最优位置保持不变),提出了一种自适应惯性权重的改进粒子群算法。基于单次迭代中单粒子运动状态的分析,提出并证明了论点:上一轮迭代适应度值变差的粒子,当前迭代中其惯性分量将引导粒子往适应度值变差的方向运动,导致粒子群体无效迭代次数增加。设计了标准PSO算法改进方案,将上一轮迭代中适应度值变差的全体粒子的惯性权重置为零,消除当前迭代中不利惯性分量对算法收敛的不良影响。采用6个标准测试函数,将该算法与标准PSO算法、固定惯性权重PSO算法和具有领袖的PSO算法进行性能对比分析。试验表明,该改进算法无效迭代次数更少,在收敛率、收敛速度和收敛稳定性上均具有明显的优势。     

供应链关系资本对企业创新绩效的影响研究——基于需求拉动型吸收能力的视角

针对受国外技术和市场牵引较严重的4个制造类企业,构建了供应链关系资本、需求拉动型吸收能力和创新绩效三者间的概念模型,实施问卷调查,用结构方程模型验证假设。得到的结果表明：以信任为基础的供应链关系资本能够促进企业及时获取和掌握市场信息和技术知识,从而提高创新绩效。但是,样本企业供应链关系资本中的关系承诺维度对知识吸收的促进作用有待加强;需求拉动型吸收能力的知识转化和利用环节对于创新进程的促进作用有待提高。     

钢筋套筒灌浆连接技术有限元分析

对于预制装配混凝土结构关键技术之一的钢筋套筒灌浆连接技术,已进行了不少试验研究,但试验不确定因素较多,离散性大.为研究这种连接在各种作用下的受力性能,拓展模型试验研究的成果,有必要建立可靠正确的有限元模型.本文在已有试验的基础上,采用ABAQUS软件,模拟钢筋套筒灌浆连接的受力性能.数值模拟结果与试验吻合良好,说明所建立的有限元模型正确,可以用于进一步参数分析和机理研究.     

某超高层建筑的推覆分析

为了研究某一高层建筑在大震作用下的损伤情况,本文采用Midas Building有限元软件对该建筑进行推覆分析.由计算结果知,该结构在大震作用下,最大弹塑性层间位移角为：X向1/219,Y向1/566,均满足规范[1~2]要求的最低标准1/120.根据计算结果,对本工程结构构件进行抗震性能评价,剪力墙、框架柱均未屈服,连梁与框架梁出现塑性铰,但均未达到CP状态[3].结果表明结构能满足抗震性能设计的要求,达到了大震不倒的抗震设防目标.