化工计算中的计量单位及换算软件的设计与开发

计量单位是一种国际性的通用语言。本文列举了化工计算中常用的计量单位，针对化工计算中不同制度间计量单位换算的需求，利用Borland C Builder5．0开发了计量单位换算软件-UltraConverter。软件具有操作简，便、界面友好、功能强大等优点。实践证明，可以广泛应用于各领域。     

输入层自构造神经网络及其在光谱分析中的应用

为了解决红外光谱定量分析中的特征提取和校正规模问题,提出了一种输入层自构造神经网络。这种网络能够利用训练数据的某些先验知识,自动选择输入层神经元的个数。在学习过程中,输入神经元个数从最小值1开始,根据网络误差的变化逐步增加,最终确定最佳神经元数量。这种网络模型将特征提取和参数学习过程融为一体,有利于提高建模效率。利用仿真红外光谱的定量分析实验表明,这种网络模型不仅能够对光谱数据实现高效率的波长选择,并具有抑制随机噪声和非线性干扰的能力。     

Remote detection of gaseous ammonia using the near infrared transmission properties of polyaniline

Ammonia is a key component of many industrial processes where it is used in very high concentrations. The applications range from high quality steel production and fertiliser manufacture, to the refrigeration of food products and ice ring leisure facilities. Ammonia escapes have been identified as a large and serious problem by both government and industry. Simple and robust ammonia sensors for remote monitoring applications remain an area of continuous interest.

Polyaniline is a conducting polymer used in ‘electronic nose’ instrumentation and has been shown to be electronically sensitive to ammonia. In this paper, we report on the application of electrochemically-prepared polyaniline films for the measurement of gaseous ammonia at 1300 nm. This wavelength corresponds to a region of high optical transmission for optical fibres and is also compatible with telecom devices and technology. A simple and robust measurement system based on a standard telecom 1300 nm LED is described and remote sensing using 100 m of duplex multimode fibre is demonstrated.

Typically, the transmission of the polyaniline films at 1300 nm increases by approximately 1% in response to gaseous ammonia levels of 6 ppm in 50% RH. This represents the lower limit of detection in our study. Although initially the sensors react to the presence of ammonia very fast it takes over several hours for the output to reach the equilibrium. Clearly this is impractical however, it is possible to differentiate between different concentrations of ammonia by taking two readings at fixed intervals. A calibration curve for the sensors was obtained using two readings 15 s apart. The response time of the polyanaline films was found to be insensitive to the humidity variations in the range of 30–70% RH, however, over the 10–90% variation the changes were of the same order of magnitude as those induced by 6 ppm of ammonia.     

Velocity-Guided Tracking of Deformable Contours in Three Dimensional Space

This paper presents a 3D active contour model for boundary detection and tracking of non-rigid objects, which applies stereo vision and motion analysis to the class of energy-minimizing deformable contour models, known as snakes. The proposed contour evolves in three-dimensional space in reaction to a 3D potential function, which is derived by projecting the contour onto the 2D stereo images. The potential function is augmented by a kinetic term, which is related to the velocity field along the contour. This term is used to guide the inter-image contour displacement. The incorporation of inter-frame velocity estimates in the tracking algorithm is especially important for contours which evolve in 3D space, where the added freedom of motion can easily result in loss of tracking. The proposed scheme incorporates local velocity information seamlessly in the snake model, with little computational overhead, and does not require exogenous computation of the optical flow or related quantities in each image. The resulting algorithm is shown to provide good tracking performance with only one iteration per frame, which provides a considerable advantage for real time operation.     

选频光释光断代初探

介绍了一种新发展起来的光释光测定年龄的技术－选频光释光技术。该技术使用的设备是光释光谱仪－BG1999。一年来该谱仪运行正常，性能稳定；实验结果令人信服。     

Effects of Deposition Temperature on the Properties of Fluorinated Amorphous Carbon Films

Fluorinated amorphous carbon films (a-C:F) were prepared at different temperatures using a microwave electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD) reactor with CHF3 and C2H2 as source gases. Films were annealed at 500℃ in vacuum ambience inorder to investigate the relationship of their thermal stability, optical and electrical propertieswith deposition temperature. Results indicate that the films deposited at high temperature have a less CFx bonding and a more cross-linking structure thus a better thermal stability. They also have a lower bandgap, higher dielectric constant and higher leakage current.     

适用于地震数据可视化的体绘制模型与算法

论文根据勘探数据量大、内部信息细节不重要等特点,应用了变密度粒子模型,使得分析人员能对油气藏的位置和储量等进行分析,从而能准确地确定钻井的位置,减少了风险。对传统的光线投射算法作了改进,对光线和体素立方体进行了离散化处理,以层为单位遍历数据场,大大地减少了绘制时间,节约了内存空间。     

高压变频调速在火电厂的应用

论证了火电厂辅机变速节能的可行性，以利德华福变频装置为例，叙述了高压电动机变频调速节能的原理。     

磁光玻璃费尔德常数的波长依赖性和磁光玻璃光纤电流传感器中存在的问题

介绍了磁光玻璃的费尔德常数与工作波长的关系，对ZF1，ZF6磁光玻璃样品，测试了不同工作波长下的费尔德常数，实验值和理论值基本一致，并指出了误差来源，最后，分析了磁光玻璃应用在磁光玻璃光纤电流传感器中存在的问题。     

变频调速技术在火电厂风机节能中的应用

针对目前火电厂风机运行中存在能源浪费的问题 ,对变频调速控制技术进行研究 ,分析了变频调速控制的节能原理 ,介绍了变频调速的特点。通过应用完美无谐波变频器对某电厂引风机控制进行改造的实例 ,对引风机采用变频调速控制与传统调速方式做对比性试验 ,对节能效益进行分析 ,证明变频调速控制能获得良好的运行性能并取得显著的节能效果 ,具有广阔的应用前景。