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81.
Takumi Haruna 《Corrosion Science》2003,45(9):2093-2104
We have investigated the electrochemical noise behavior of carbon steel in fully deaerated aqueous bicarbonate solutions, and discussed the optimum conditions of the noise analysis for estimating corrosion rate of the steel. Noise of the potential difference and of the short-circuit current between two identical steel coupons were successfully measured. The time-series noise patterns were transformed into frequency domain by fast Fourier transformation, and then their power spectrum densities (PSDs) at a frequency were determined to be compared with the corrosion rate. The PSDs of the potential and of the current varied with changing environmental factors of bicarbonate concentration, pH, and immersion time. The factors also controlled the corrosion rate of the steel. The PSDs were associated with the corrosion rate, and then it was found that the PSDs of the potential and of the current showed linear correlation with the corrosion rate in log-log scale. There was also linear relationship between the corrosion rate and a spectral noise resistance obtained from the PSDs of the potential and the current. The linearities of the three correlations were better at a lower analyzed frequency. Furthermore, the PSDs of the current and the noise resistance indicated more linear correlation with the corrosion rate than that of the potential. As the simplicity of the measurement system is additionally considered, it is concluded that the PSD of the current noise at an analyzed frequency of 3 mHz is the optimum conditions for estimating the corrosion rate from 10−2 to 100 A m−2 in this study. 相似文献
82.
控制pH4-6,用锌粉还原氯化除汞上清液中的汞(Ⅱ)离子,取置换后液加入过量的硝酸银标准溶液,以硫酸铁铵溶液作指示剂,用硫氰酸钾标准滴定溶液滴定来测定氯量。该方法的检出限:0.25mg/100mL,回收率:98%-101%。 相似文献
83.
提出膛口系统是一种准耗散结构,并分析了符合耗散结构的条件,在分析分歧解线性稳定性的基础上,使用高维定态投影解定态分歧解,分歧解与实验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
84.
F.A Harraz 《Electrochimica acta》2002,47(8):1249-1257
The effect of chloride ions (Cl−) during the immersion plating of copper onto porous silicon (PS) from a methanol (MeOH) solution has been studied. The presence of Cl− in the Cu2+ solution was found to slow down the rate of copper deposition, as confirmed by inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The threshold concentration of Cl− at which the deposition of copper is very severely diminished was found to be 0.1 M. The inhibition effect is discussed on the basis of the rest potential values of PS and polarization curve measurements. They revealed that the rest potential of PS upon dipping in these solutions appears to direct the metal deposition. Current density-potential curves show that at Cl− concentrations higher than 0.1 M, the reduction of Cu ions proceeds in two steps; the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) followed by the reduction of Cu(I) to Cu(0). This suggests that Cu(I) species in MeOH solution can be stable over a certain potential range and this stability of Cu(I) is responsible for the inhibition of metal deposition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed to investigate the structural changes and characterizations of PS samples after the plating process. 相似文献
85.
从氯化铅渣中回收铅铋的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王淼生 《广东有色金属学报》1996,6(1):39-44
本文以柿竹园有色金属矿粗铋火法精炼、气化除铅产出的铅渣为原料,在常压下采用氯化钠水溶液进行浸出处理,有效地分离了铅和铋,并将铅制成了化工产品黄丹及硫酸铅 相似文献
86.
Exact solution of elasto-plastic stresses in a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to transverse loads 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An analytical elasto-plastic stress analysis is presented for a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to a single transverse force applied to the free end of the beam and a uniformly distributed load. The material is assumed to be perfectly plastic in the elasto-plastic solution. A composite consisting of stainless-steel-reinforced aluminum was produced for this work. Sample problems are given for various orientation angles. Elastic, elastoplastic and residual normal and shear stresses are calculated. The location of the elasto-plastic boundary of the beam is obtained according to the x coordinates of the beam. 相似文献
87.
A pseudohyperbolic problem of optimal control of intratumoral drug distribution is formulated. It takes into account the heterogeneity
of tumor tissues and effects of convection diffusion in a fissured porous medium. A mathematical model constructed and the
corresponding optimal control problem are shown to be correct.
__________
Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 6, pp. 147–154, November–December 2007. 相似文献
88.
89.
Ralph W. Pridmore 《Color research and application》2007,32(6):469-476
Chromatic luminance (i.e., luminance of a monochromatic color) is the source of all luminance, since achromatic luminance arises only from mixing colors and their chromatic luminances. The ratio of chromatic luminance to total luminance (i.e., chromatic plus achromatic luminance) is known as colorimetric purity, and its measurement has long been problematic for nonspectral hues. Colorimetric purity (pc) is a luminance metric in contrast to excitation purity, which is a chromaticity‐diagram metric approximating saturation. The CIE definition of pc contains a fallacy. CIE defines maximum (1.0) pc for spectral stimuli as monochromatic (i.e., optimal) stimuli, and as the line between spectrum ends for nonspectrals. However, this line has <0.003 lm/W according to CIE colorimetric data and is therefore effectively invisible. It only represents the limit of theoretically attainable colors, and is of no practical use in color reproduction or color appearance. Required is a locus giving optimal rather than invisible nonspectral stimuli. The problem is partly semantic. CIE wisely adopted the term colorimetric purity, rather than the original spectral luminance purity, to permit an equivalent metric for spectrals and nonspectrals, but the parameter of equivalence was never clear. Since 1 pc denotes optimal aperture‐color stimuli for spectrals, arguably 1 pc should denote optimal stimuli consistently for all stimuli. The problem reduces to calculating optimal aperture‐color stimuli (“optimal” in energy efficiency in color‐matching) for nonspectrals, shown to comprise 442 + 613 nm in all CIE illuminants. This remedy merely requires redefinition of 1 pc for nonspectrals as the line 442–613 nm, and gives meaningful pc values over the hue cycle allowing new research of chromatic luminance relations with color appearance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 469–476, 2007 相似文献
90.
本文通过对带钢窄边线状裂纹缺陷的金相显微组织观察和扫描电镜与能谱分析,确定了带钢窄边线状裂纹缺陷的形成原因,并针对原因提出了相应的预防措施,有效地控制了带钢窄边线状裂纹缺陷的重复发生。 相似文献