新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤有机地球化学特征

有机地球化学和有机岩石学研究结果表明，新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤中富集孢子体和角质体（３．０％～６．０％，全岩体积百分比），对煤中氯仿沥青“Ａ”组成中较高的总烃馏分（３０％～５０％）和饱芳比（０．６～３．０）产生了影响。煤的聚集环境是影响煤的显微组分组成及生油特性的关键因素。三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤属于“晚生晚排”叠加有“早生早排”类型的烃源岩。     

城市生活垃圾能源利用探讨

报道了城市有机废弃物转化为能源的几种途径。在管式反应器内甘蔗渣裂解气化制煤气以及在高压釜内湿式裂解气化制煤气液体产品，可得到中值煤气。也研究了甘蔗渣二步法糖化和糖发酵，当ＰＨ为３．６，酵母浓度为１．３３％，乙醇产率可达理论值的６４．８６％。     

有机-无机复合肥生产工艺

随着社会经济快速发展和城乡环境的污染已日趋严重。根据有机肥、无机肥各自的优缺点提出有机-无机肥生产的新工艺。     

有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液的应用

霍尔果斯背斜构造极其复杂,内应力极高,地层倾角大,断层、破碎带多,并存在高低压互层;安集海河组的灰绿色软泥岩水化严重并具有粘弹塑性.该区块重点探井霍003井三开、四开井段选用有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液,同时为保证钻井液在高密度下（2.55 g/cm^3）具有好的流变性,使用活化铁矿粉、活化重晶石加重.应用结果表明,由于采用了强抑制和多元封堵的措施,该钻井液具有良好的流变性和较强的携带能力,钻进中曾携带出重2.8 kg和5.1kg的大掉块;滤失量低,泥饼质量好,封堵能力强,造壁能力强,减轻了井下阻卡程度;有良好的储层保护能力;在室内研究的基础上,经过现场合理使用和维护钻井液,霍003井提高了机械钻速,缩短了钻井周期,井身质量优于邻井.指出在高密度下,未选出适合有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液的稀释剂,钻井液流动性较差.     

Variations in Spectral Slope in Lake Taihu,a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake in China

Spectral slope (S), describing the exponential decrease of the absorption spectrum over a given wavelength range, is an important parameter in the study of of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) dynamics, and also an essential input parameter in remote sensing models. Furthermore, S is often used as a proxy for CDOM composition, including the ratio of fulvic to humic acids and molecular weight. The relative broad range in S values reported in the literature can be explained by the different spectral ranges and fitting methods used. A single exponential model is used to fit the S values for 17 investigations involving 458 samples in Lake Taihu from January to October in 2004. The average S value was 15.18 ± 1.39 μm⁻¹ for the range of 280–500 nm, which fell within the range reported in the literature. The frequency distribution of S value basically obeyed a normal distribution. Significant differences in S values between summer and other seasons showed that phytoplankton degradation was one of the important sources of CDOM in summer, whereas CDOM mainly came from the river input in other seasons. Furthermore, the estimated S value decreased with increasing wavelength range used in regression. The maximum and minimum values derived from the regression were 17.89 ± 1.25 μm⁻¹ and 13.62 ± 2.11 μm⁻¹ for the wavelength ranges of 280–380 nm and 400–500 nm, respectively, a decrease of 23.9%. S values significantly decreased with the increase of CDOM absorption coefficients. CDOM absorption coefficients could be more appropriately estimated from exponential model introducing the variation of S with absorption coefficients, making them useful for a remote sensing bio-optical model of Lake Taihu. DOC-specific absorption coefficient a*(λ) and the parameter M describing molecular size of the humic molecules could also be used as a proxy for the sources and types of CDOM. A general relationship was found between S and a*(λ), and M values. S increased with the decrease of DOC-specific absorption coefficient and the increase of M corresponding to the decrease of molecular weight.     

轻质油中C1—C7轻烃的地球化学特征

作者对5个盆地18个轻质油样品作了C_1—C_7轻烃分析,检测出29种单体轻烃。通过轻烃组成特征研究,认识到石蜡指数(PI_1)和庚烷值(PI_2)作为成熟度的指标,不受沉积盆地类型影响;C_6,C_7烃类族组分受母质类型影响较大。陆相(含煤地层)有机质生成轻质芳烃(苯)的含量比海相有机质要高。新疆塔里木盆地沙参2井原油的轻烃分析资料表明,该井油源岩为海相沉积。     

蒸发油气污染的生物控制技术探讨

生物降解气态有机污染物的研究是近年来发展起来的大气污染控制新领域。通过介绍生物降解气态有机污染物的基本原理，探讨石油储运过程中的蒸发油气污染运用生物控制技术的可行性，提出需要解决的问题和研究的重点。     

Study on Dihydrated Praseodymium Acetylacetonate by Photoacoustic Spectra with Broad Wavelength Range

Photoacousticspectroscopy (PAS)hasbeenusedtonondestructivelyinvestigatealmostallkindsofsam ples,whetherthesampleiscrystalline ,powderorgel .PAspectr oscopyisacalorimetrictechniquewhichmeasurestheenergyabsorbedandsubsequentheatingofthesamplesduetoanonradiativerelaxationpro cess .ThereforePAScanbeusedtostudyopaque ,highlyreflectiveandscatteringsamples ,whicharedif ficulttostudybyconventionalspectroscopytech niques[1] .Withouttheneedofsamplepreparation ,PASavoidstheriskofsamplealteration ,pre…     

镜质体反射率与砂岩孔隙度关系的研究与应用

利用有关孔隙度和有机质热成熟度的理论公式研究了二者之间的内在联系 ,建立起Ro与砂岩孔隙度之间的关系模型。用该模型对济阳坳陷沾化凹陷渤南洼陷沙河街组四段上亚段烃源层有机质的成熟度进行了估算 ,指出该烃源层有机质已达到成熟