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101.
制作了2种形式的铟凸点:即直接蒸发沉积的铟柱和将铟柱回流得到的铟球。同时对比了铟柱和铟球2种凸点的剪切强度,测试结果表明铟球剪切强度为5.6MPa,铟柱的剪切强度为1.9MPa,前者约为后者的2.9倍。对铟凸点微观结构的X光衍射分析发现:铟柱剪切强度低是织构弱化所致;铟球剪切强度高是由于回流破坏了铟柱的理想(101)丝织构模式,从而提高了铟球的剪切强度。 相似文献
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�غ���ܿ���ǿ�ȼ��㼰�ֳ�Ӧ�� 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
对于套管挤毁问题较为严重的油气水井,采用非API标准的特厚壁套管来提高其抗挤强度,是今后预防套管挤毁的重要发展方向。目前,特厚壁套管的抗挤强度计算和尺寸系列尚未形成工业标准,文章提出特厚壁套管的抗挤强度计算方法和尺寸系列,供设计者和厂家参考。API/ISO套管挤毁工作组曾对本文公式进行了测评,结果曼示具有较高的计算精度。大量计算表明,特厚壁套管的抗挤强度大大提高,约为加厚前原套管抗挤强度的1.5~4倍,甚至6倍。最后还介绍了特厚壁套管在中原油田的现场应用情况。 相似文献
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The concept that plasticity index of soils can be defined as a range of water contents producing a 100-fold variation in undrained shear strength has been experimentally verified with the help of a large number of tests on soils of diverse nature. This has led to the redefinition of the plastic limit as the water content at which undrained shear strength is around 170 kN/m2. Undrained shear strength of a soil at the liquid limit can be considered to be around 1.7 kN/m2. Accordingly, both the liquid limit and the plastic limit have been determined in the present work by a single consistent method, i.e., the Swedish fall cone method. The undrained shear strength-water content relationship has been found to be log-linear for a wide range of water contents beginning from lower than the plastic limit to higher than the liquid limit. This resulted in the formulation of an expression for predicting undrained shear strength of a remolded soil at any water content based solely on its liquid limit and plastic limit. 相似文献
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To find the exact probability distribution of the global maximum or minimum of a random field within a bounded domain is a pending problem even for Gaussian fields. Except for very special examples of fields, recourse must be taken to approximate reasoning or asymptotic considerations to be judged with respect to accuracy by simulations. In this paper, the problem is addressed through a functional equation that leads to the definition of a class of distribution functions that depend solely on process or field characteristics and domain quantities that can be calculated explicitly. This distribution function class is studied for Gaussian processes in earlier works by the author and it has been obtained explicitly for Gaussian fields on rectangular domains in the plane. Simulation studies show that rather good predictions are obtained for sufficiently smooth wide band Gaussian processes and fields. In this paper, the distribution function is obtained in general for Gaussian fields over arbitrary bounded domains with piecewise continuous and differentiable boundaries, and as in earlier works the distribution function is tested against empirical distribution functions obtained by simulation of sample functions of a smooth approximately Gaussian field, herein called a broken line Hino field. For completeness this particular field type is defined in appendix a and appendix b. The paper concludes with a statistical application on data for plain concrete tensile strength. 相似文献
110.
The object of study is a stationary Gaussian white noise excited multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) linear elastic, ideal plastic, linearly damped, statically determinate oscillator with several potential elements of ideal plastic yielding. Specifically the study is exemplified for a plane multistory shear frame with rigid traverses where all the connecting columns except the columns in one or more of the bottom floors have finite symmetrical yield limits. The white noise excitation acts on the mass of the first floor making the movement of the elastic bottom floors simulate a ground motion that interacts with the structure above the bottom floors. The method of study is so-called Slepian model simulation and is in principle the same for other statically determinate MDOF elasto-plastic oscillators of the considered type. The method is fast as compared to direct simulation and provides results that give good insight in the behavior of the plastic displacement response process. 相似文献