多目标粒子群算法在乘务员排班问题中的应用

乘务员排班问题规模庞大并且限制因素复杂,一种公平合理的排班有利于调动乘务员的积极性。对建立的多目标排班模型进行分析和优化,并提出近似可行解以处理约束条件,基于Pareto最优的粒子群算法解决了这一问题,仿真实验表明该算法是合理的。     

一种八阶开关电容带通滤波器的设计

采用数模混合CMOS工艺,设计了一种八阶开关电容带通滤波器以及辅助的低通抗混叠滤波器和平滑滤波器。仿真结果表明设计的开关电容滤波器实现了中心频率57KHz,通带增益20dB,3dB带宽3KHz,阻带衰减35dB。设计的开关电容滤波器在一款RDS解调芯片中成功实现了RDS信号的中频选择功能。     

未知环境下的移动机器人环境建模研究

环境建模技术是移动机器人自主导航研究中的一个关键问题。本文给出一种基于多传感器信息融合的环境建模方法。实验结果表明该方法有效地克服了传感器的累计误差,有效地提高了环境建模的准确性。此方法的可行性和有效性通过Pioneer3-DX移动机器人得到了实验验证。     

1D correlation filter based class-dependence feature analysis for face recognition

In this paper, a novel one-dimensional correlation filter based class-dependence feature analysis (1D-CFA) method is presented for robust face recognition. Compared with original CFA that works in the two dimensional (2D) image space, 1D-CFA encodes the image data as vectors. In 1D-CFA, a new correlation filter called optimal extra-class origin output tradeoff filter (OEOTF), which is designed in the low-dimensional principal component analysis (PCA) subspace, is proposed for effective feature extraction. Experimental results on benchmark face databases, such as FERET, AR, and FRGC, show that OEOTF based 1D-CFA consistently outperforms other state-of-the-art face recognition methods. This demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of the novel method.     

Retrieving soil temperature profile by assimilating MODIS LST products with ensemble Kalman filter

Proper estimation of initial state variables and model parameters are vital importance for determining the accuracy of numerical model prediction. In this work, we develop a one-dimensional land data assimilation scheme based on ensemble Kalman filter and Common Land Model version 3.0 (CoLM). This scheme is used to improve the estimation of soil temperature profile. The leaf area index (LAI) is also updated dynamically by MODIS LAI production and the MODIS land surface temperature (LST) products are assimilated into CoLM. The scheme was tested and validated by observations from four automatic weather stations (BTS, DRS, MGS, and DGS) in Mongolian Reference Site of CEOP during the period of October 1, 2002 to September 30, 2003. Results indicate that data assimilation improves the estimation of soil temperature profile about 1 K. In comparison with simulation, the assimilation results of soil heat fluxes also have much improvement about 13 W m^− 2 at BTS and DGS and 2 W m^− 2 at DRS and MGS, respectively. In addition, assimilation of MODIS land products into land surface model is a practical and effective way to improve the estimation of land surface variables and fluxes.     

Simplified adaptive estimation

A simplified adaptive scheme is suggested for the estimation of the state vector of linear systems driven by white process noise that is added to an unknown deterministic signal. The design approach is based on embedding the Kalman filter (KF) within a simplified adaptive control loop that is driven by the innovation process. The simplified adaptive loop is idle during steady-state phases that involve white driving noise only. However, when the deterministic signal is added to the driving noise signal, the simplified adaptive control loop enhances the KF gains and helps in reducing the resulting transients. The stability of the overall estimation scheme is established under strictly passive conditions of a related system. The suggested method is applied to the target acceleration estimation problem in a Theater Missile Defence scenario.     

结合形态学梯度互信息和多分辨率寻优的图像配准新方法

对互信息配准法进行算法改进. 在互信息基础上结合形态学梯度作为新的图像配准测度, 不仅考虑所有体素信息, 而且有效结合像素在空间位置的相互关系. 将粒子群优化 (Particle swarm optimization, PSO) 算法这种全局寻优算法和 Powell 这一局部寻优算法相结合, 前者的配准结果为后者的算法优化提供了非常有效的初始点, 优化时间大为减少. 借鉴小波变换中多分辨率的思想, 在低分辨率图像中粗略配准后, 上升到高分辨率图像上进一步细化配准结果, 增加算法鲁棒性. 实验结果证明, 本文算法效果良好, 寻优过程在数分钟内完成, 能够满足诊断和科研的实时性要求.     

基于最大互信息指标的对偶控制研究

针对参数未知但恒定的随机系统, 研究了基于最大互信息指标的对偶控制. 运用了Kalman滤波器估计随机系统未知参数的方法; 研究了最大互信息指标所具有的对偶特性, 即跟踪理想的目标以及探测未知参数的不确定性; 采用了两级优化算法获得次优对偶控制律. 算例验证了此算法的有效性和可行性.     

基于干涉原理测量溶液浓度变化分布的实时系统仿真实现

实验利用数字全息干涉技术对电极反应过程中溶液浓度变化分布进行测量。运用基于直方图的自适应滤波方法和基于形态学滤波的固液界面提取方法,解决了每更换一次实验数据都要人工识别和更换滤波参数以及手动去除固侧干扰信息的难题,为实现从摄像机实时读取数据、实时处理、测量和观察提供了仿真依据。     

Parallel and distributed simulation of sediment dynamics in shallow water using particle decomposition approach

This paper describes the parallel simulation of sediment dynamics in shallow water. By using a Lagrangian model, the problem is transformed to one in which a large number of independent particles must be tracked. This results in a technique that can be parallelised with high efficiency. We have developed a sediment transport model using three different sediment suspension methods. The first method uses a modified mean for the Poisson distribution function to determine the expected number of the suspended particles in each particular grid cell of the domain over all available processors. The second method determines the number of particles to suspend with the aid of the Poisson distribution function only in those grid cells which are assigned to that processor. The third method is based on the technique of using a synchronised pseudo-random-number generator to generate identical numbers of suspended particles in all valid grid cells for each processor. Parallel simulation experiments are performed in order to investigate the efficiency of these three methods. Also the parallel performance of the implementations is analysed. We conclude that the second method is the best method on distributed computing systems (e.g., a Beowulf cluster), whereas the third maintains the best load distribution.