牛奶纤维理化性能及其开发应用探讨

文章介绍了牛奶纤维的理化性能,利用纤维强伸度测试仪对牛奶纤维的机械性能进行了测试,利用差示扫描量热器和热重分析仪对牛奶纤维的热学性能进行了分析研究。分析了牛奶纤维的化学性能、染色性能及保健护肤、天然抑菌等特殊功能,探讨了牛奶纤维的产品开发和应用。     

国产清梳联短绒的控制

阐述了短绒产生的原因与危害,分析了清梳联短绒增加较多的原因,提出了清梳联工序有效控制短绒的措施,认为应采取“连续喂棉、薄喂轻打”措施,减少纤维损伤;同时注意开松梳理适度,排除结杂和减少短绒兼顾。     

光纤感温火灾预警监测系统的设计与应用分析

阐述光纤感温预警监测系统的工作原理、系统设计及应用研究方面的概况及意义,探讨光纤感温火灾预警监测系统的设计与应用.     

磷酸酯化淀粉的高效湿法合成研究

本研究选用磷酸盐组合物,进行在低温下的淀粉高效磷酸酯化反应。结果表明,在湿法的低温条件下,采用适当的复合磷酸盐及反应促进体系,体系中淀粉浓度在40%～42%,磷酸氢二钠和磷酸二氢钠的比例为0.5,复合盐用量15%,pH保持在5～6之间,50℃反应5 h,Gx16在1%～5%的用量,可以显著提高淀粉的磷酸酯化程度(以结合磷含量表示),同时由于反应效率的提高,使湿法的反应均匀性,残留磷酸盐含量可控性,流程简洁、方便等优势得以突出,对比现实的生产工艺,该方法在稳定质量、节能降耗、减少污染排放等方面都极具优势,有重要的推广价值。     

腈纶表面接枝蛋白质改性纤维的结构与性能

腈纶经过表面水解、酰氯化和接枝反应等过程在表面接枝上大豆蛋白质,制成了蛋白质接枝改性腈纶。对其进行物理力学性能分析、红外分析和电子显微镜形貌观察表明:改性腈纶在表面接枝蛋白质的效果明显,其表面完全覆盖上了完整致密的蛋白质表面膜层;X射线衍射分析表明,蛋白质接枝改性腈纶的超分子结构与普通腈纶相比并没有发生大的变化,基本保持了原有腈纶的高序态和低序态共存的结构特征。     

Experimental study on the deformation and failure mechanism of overburden rock during coal mining using a comprehensive intelligent sensing method

Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of overburden deformation during coal mining is still a challenge in engineering practice due to the limitation of monitoring techniques. Taking the Yangliu Coal Mine as an example, a similarity model test was designed and conducted to investigate the deformation and failure mechanism of overlying rocks in this study. Distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS), highdensity electrical resistivity tomography(HD-ERT) and close-range photogrammetry(CRP) technolo...     

频率上转换掺稀土氧氟纳米微晶玻璃的研究进展

综述了近年来用于上转换发光的掺稀土离子氧氟微品玻璃的研究概况,阐述了氧氟微品玻璃作为上转换发光材料的发展和研究中问题,提出了值得进一步研究的工作并对掺稀土离子氧氯微晶玻璃未来的前景作了展望。     

金属基底增敏的干涉型高温光纤传感器

为了实现对井下潜油电泵机组温度的实时监测,设计了一种由粗锥型单模--多模--单模(Coarse Cone Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode, CCSMS)构成的马赫--曾德尔干涉(Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, MZI)型高温光纤传感器。该结构采用直接熔接的方法将单模光纤与多模光纤相熔接;接着通过调整熔接机的熔接参数,在单模光纤上制作出粗锥结构;最后将制备的结构嵌入铜基板的U型槽中,实现传感器的增敏封装。对封装后的传感器的温度响应特性进行了测试。实验结果表明,在40～250℃的温度范围内,该传感器实现了灵敏度为124.9 pm/℃的温度传感。对其稳定性和重复性进行了测试。结果表明,传感器的稳定性最大误差约为0.44%,重复性最大误差约为2.29 pm/℃。该传感器具有灵敏度高、重复性和稳定性好的特点,有望用于油气井下潜油电泵机组的温度监测。     

Association of Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Progression—Comparative Microarray Gene Expression Analysis

The role of the ligamentum flavum (LF) in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is not well understood. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we investigated the degrees of LF hypertrophy in 18 patients without scoliosis and on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in 22 patients with AIS. Next, gene expression was compared among neutral vertebral LF and LF on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in patients with AIS. Histological and microarray analyses of the LF were compared among neutral vertebrae (control) and the LF on the apex of the curvatures. The mean area of LF in the without scoliosis, apical concave, and convex with scoliosis groups was 10.5, 13.5, and 20.3 mm², respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that the ratio of fibers (Collagen/Elastic) was significantly increased on the convex side compared to the concave side (p < 0.05). Microarray analysis showed that ERC2 and MAFB showed significantly increased gene expression on the convex side compared with those of the concave side and the neutral vertebral LF cells. These genes were significantly associated with increased expression of collagen by LF cells (p < 0.05). LF hypertrophy was identified in scoliosis patients, and the convex side was significantly more hypertrophic than that of the concave side. ERC2 and MAFB genes were associated with LF hypertrophy in patients with AIS. These phenomena are likely to be associated with the progression of scoliosis.     

Pure Chitosan Biomedical Textile Fibers from Mixtures of Low- and High-Molecular Weight Bidisperse Polymer Solutions: Processing and Understanding of Microstructure–Mechanical Properties’ Relationship

Natural polymers, as extracted from biomass, may exhibit large macromolecular polydispersity. We investigated the impact of low molar mass chitosan (LMW, DP_w~115) on the properties of chitosan fibers obtained by wet spinning of chitosan solutions with bimodal distributions of molar masses. The fiber crystallinity index (CrI) was assessed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and the mechanical properties were obtained by uniaxial tensile tests. The LMW chitosan showed to slightly increase the crystallinity index in films which were initially processed from the bimodal molar mass chitosan solutions, as a result of increased molecular mobility and possible crystal nucleating effects. Nevertheless, the CrI remained almost constant or slightly decreased in stretched fibers at increasing content of LMW chitosan in the bidisperse chitosan collodion. The ultimate mechanical properties of fibers were altered by the addition of LMW chitosan as a result of a decrease of entanglement density and chain orientation in the solid state. An increase of crystallinity might not be expected from LMW chitosan with a still relatively high degree of polymerization (DPw ≥ 115). Instead, different nucleation agents—either smaller molecules or nanoparticles—should be used to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan fibers for textile applications.